{"id":90,"date":"2013-06-17T11:53:50","date_gmt":"2013-06-17T04:53:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=90"},"modified":"2013-06-17T11:53:50","modified_gmt":"2013-06-17T04:53:50","slug":"quan-li-trong-the-ki-21","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=90","title":{"rendered":"Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed trong th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 21"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p gia \u0111\u00ecnh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 ph\u1ea3i qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9, t\u1eeb l\u00e0m s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1edbi b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng cho kh\u00e1ch; t\u1eeb qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o t\u1edbi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed thu nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed. Khi doanh nghi\u1ec7p gia \u0111\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh “c\u00f4ng ti nh\u1ecf” kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u cho m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u1ecf gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i thu\u00ea c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m h\u1ecd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u00fang \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn. V\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 doanh nghi\u1ec7p, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed “c\u00f4ng ti nh\u1ecf.”<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi c\u00f4ng ti nh\u1ecf t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ti l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng ti th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, t\u1eebng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n giao k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mong mu\u1ed1n. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m; ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed b\u00e1n ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e0n vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1n; ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed mua s\u1eafm mua v\u1eadt t\u01b0 cho c\u00f4ng ti v.v. Vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00fang. Khi c\u00f4ng ti tr\u1edf n\u00ean ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i thu\u00ea nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh (CEO) l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u00ea \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee9c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi. Khi k\u00edch c\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ph\u1ea3i chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin, ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quan li\u00eau v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n trong h\u1ecdp h\u00e0nh thay v\u00ec qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ti tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 vi\u1ec7c chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng ti, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ch\u00fang, v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o cho t\u1eebng m\u1ee9c qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. C\u00f3 h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ea1y t\u1eeb trang t\u00ednh k\u1ebf to\u00e1n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 Excel t\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0 x\u1eed l\u00ed ph\u00e2n t\u00edch tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn (OLAP) v\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho c\u1ea5p qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. Khi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u0103ng l\u00ean, h\u1ec7 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u gi\u1eef, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt, v\u00e0 truy l\u1ee5c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed quan h\u1ec7 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn t\u1ed1i \u0111a. V\u1edbi t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 c\u00e1c qui tr\u00ecnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh ch\u00f3ng, nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean n\u00f3 c\u0169ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng trong vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed \u0111ang d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n sang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tri th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Thay v\u00ec d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1edd v\u00e0o t\u00ednh to\u00e1n con s\u1ed1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m k\u1ebf to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n trong v\u00e0i ph\u00fat. Thay v\u00ec theo d\u00f5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb b\u00e1n v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 cho \u0111\u00edch x\u00e1c s\u1ed1 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn b\u1ea5t k\u00ec l\u00fac n\u00e0o h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n. Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p, v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn. V\u00ec c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111ang ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 v\u1eefng ch\u00e3i h\u01a1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc d\u00f9ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh nhanh ch\u00f3ng theo nh\u1ecbp c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

Khi c\u00f4ng ti l\u1edbn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ti to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed. Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u0169ng bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean tu\u1ef3 v\u00e0o li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9, hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o hay t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u0169ng \u0111ang t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho m\u1ecdi ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng n\u00e0y. Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m trinh s\u00e1t doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhanh ch\u00f3ng, g\u1eedi b\u00e1o c\u00e1o cho m\u1ecdi m\u1ee9c qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u00e0ng gi\u1edd thay v\u00ec h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y hay h\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n. Trong c\u00f4ng ti to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, tri th\u1ee9c theo ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n cho th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c t\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 n\u00e0y. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i l\u00e0 th\u1eb3ng h\u00e0ng v\u1edbi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c cho m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111o hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i ki\u1ec3m l\u1ea1i theo m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f4ng ti kinh doanh cho ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed. C\u00e1ch \u0111o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp \u1edf m\u1ecdi m\u1ee9c t\u1eeb c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti. H\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u, h\u1ecd c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn cao h\u01a1n, t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, nhanh h\u01a1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u cho h\u1ecd nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u th\u1ebf h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Doanh nghi\u1ec7p to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng cao. C\u1ea1nh tranh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh m\u1ecdi l\u00fac cho n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh k\u0129 n\u0103ng then ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. C\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i bao qu\u00e1t c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, trong \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 trong n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c cung c\u1ea5p. Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh, ho\u1eb7c l\u00ean ho\u1eb7c xu\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 mua s\u1eafm ph\u1ea3i s\u1eeda l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch g\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00f3ng th\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y. C\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u00f3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o. V\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00ean h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho h\u1ecd trong vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang. B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 k\u0129 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed th\u1eddi gian c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft cho t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng. Gi\u1eef c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c nh\u00ecn gi\u1eefa m\u1ecdi s\u1ee9c \u00e9p v\u00e0 l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m qua, Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (ISM) \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh “MBA” m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 21 v\u00ec m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ti, d\u00f9 l\u1edbn hay nh\u1ecf, \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed doanh nghi\u1ec7p h\u01a1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Management in the 21st century<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

In a family business, the owner has to manage everything, from making products to selling to customers; from advertising to managing revenues and costs. As the family business grows to a “small company\u201d the amounts of work increases and becomes too much for one person or a small family to deal with. The owner often has to hire additional workers to help. This often involves assigning certain roles and responsibilities to others and make sure they execute them properly. Since the owner knows the business well, there is no problem with managing a \u201csmall company\u201d.<\/p>\n

As the small company grows to a larger company, it becomes more complex. The owner must organize the company into several functions, each with its own managers. The job of the owner is to coordinate all these functions together to deliver the desired results. For example, production managers develop products; sales managers are responsible of making sale; procurement managers purchase materials for the company etc. The job of managers is to make sure that workers are properly trained and carry out the works properly. As the company is getting larger and more complex, the owner often has to hire professional managers to manage the entire business. The Chief Executive Officer (CEO) is the person who is hired to lead the managerial hierarchy with several levels of managers below. As the size of the company continue to grow bigger, managers have to share information, make decisions and it often turns into a \u201cbureaucracy\u201d system with managers often busy in meetings instead of managing and the company is becoming inefficient with a lot of wasteful activities and lower profits.<\/p>\n

With the advancement of information technology, software is created to automate the sharing of information and reduce wastes. Software applications collect business data, analyze them, and develop reports to each level of management so they can make decision quickly and efficiently. There are thousands of business applications ranging from simple accounting spreadsheets such as Excel to sophisticated applications such as Online Analytical processing (OLAP) and Digital Dashboards to help management review data and make decisions. As the amount of data increases, database systems are developed to store, update, and retrieve data quickly. There are applications to manage customer relationships as well as manage supplies to ensure maximum efficiency and profits. With the automation of business processes, companies can grow quickly, faster and more efficiency. However it also requires managers to have knowledge and skills in using such software tools to better manage the company. The trainings of managers are shifting more to develop knowledge of information system instead of just business management. Instead of spending hours in calculation numbers, managers can use accounting software to get the results they need in minutes. Instead of tracking data from sales and costs to calculate profits, managers can use finance software to automatically update business operation and give exactly the profits whenever they want. The software can collect market data, supplier\u2019s data, and customer\u2019s data to give managers a forecast of pricing and set the best prices possible to maximize profits. As software tools are getting more sophisticated and robust, managers must learn to use them to their advantage and adjust quickly to the pace of the business.<\/p>\n

As large company continue to expands and become a global company, it can operate from many locations and countries. The global company\u2019s structure becomes much more complex with more functioning units and managers. The manager roles also vary depending on whether it is an executive manager responsible for making decisions in a particular country, or a functional manager focusing on a specific function such as marketing, production, manufacturing or human resources. Software tools that support the global business are also growing more sophisticated to support all of these functions. Business intelligent software are used to collect data in real time, analyze quickly, send reports to all levels of management on hourly basis instead of daily or weekly. In global company, subject expertise becomes more important to succeed and managers must have good knowledge of these supporting tools. Managers must use these tools to ensure that actual performance is in line with the company plans. To do this, they must set goals and milestones for everything. They must measure performance and then checked against the goals and milestones using business enterprise software for management control. Measurements and metrics are automatically set and data are collected at all levels from factory to sales to the achievement of company\u2019s goals. The more information systems are used, the faster, better and higher profits they could achieved which give them more advantages than other competitors.<\/p>\n

Global businesses are operating in a highly dynamic environment. Competition requires many changes and adjustments all the time so managing changes is becoming the key skills of global managers. Business plans have to cope with changes in market conditions, in customer preferences and in supply capabilities. Sales volume can change fast, either up or down, and production and purchasing managers have to revise their original plans to be in line with these changes. The only way to do it quickly and efficiently is using software tools to update and forecast. Since global managers have to cope with all these changes and many uncertainties they need more software tools to support them in making the right decision. The unpredictable nature of managerial work requires a high level of time-management skills as well as better software tools to handle the situation. Keeping goals in sight in the midst of all the pressures and confusions is the critical managerial task.<\/p>\n

That is why in the past few years, Information System Management (ISM) has become the new \u201cMBA\u201d of the 21st century as every company, large and small, needs to have more business managers with information technology knowledge and skills.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p gia \u0111\u00ecnh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 ph\u1ea3i qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9, t\u1eeb l\u00e0m s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1edbi b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng cho kh\u00e1ch; t\u1eeb qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o t\u1edbi … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-90","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-quan-li-he-thong-tin"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=90"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":91,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90\/revisions\/91"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=90"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=90"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=90"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}