{"id":775,"date":"2013-06-23T21:30:39","date_gmt":"2013-06-23T14:30:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=775"},"modified":"2013-06-23T21:30:39","modified_gmt":"2013-06-23T14:30:39","slug":"xu-huong-moi-khoan-trong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=775","title":{"rendered":"Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1edbi: Kho\u00e1n trong"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, General Motor \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111em h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT) tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 d\u1eebng kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p tin r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a xu h\u01b0\u1edbng “kho\u00e1n trong” trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti l\u1edbn v\u00e0 trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m t\u1edbi, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti s\u1ebd l\u00e0m c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kho\u00e1n trong s\u1ebd n\u1ea3y sinh trong vi\u1ec7c thu\u00ea v\u00e0 thu\u00ea l\u1ea1i \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 10,000 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra th\u00eam 80,000 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ph\u1ee5 cho khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y. Trong hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m qua, GM n\u1eb1m trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u xu h\u01b0\u1edbng kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i trong khu v\u1ef1c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o. N\u00f3 c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ho\u00e1 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 g\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1edbi, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c m\u1edbi, qui tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1edbi v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u robot cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o l\u1edbn kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 l\u1ebd s\u1ebd l\u00e0m c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. Trong khi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kho\u00e1n trong ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u CIO \u0111ang xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong th\u1eddi gian kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p m\u00e0 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u k\u0129 n\u0103ng.\u201d<\/p>\n

Theo m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111a s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi k\u0129 n\u0103ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed tr\u00ed c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1edbi. Trong hai th\u1eadp k\u1ec9 qua, h\u1ecd th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u1edbi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 cho h\u1ecd thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p \u01b0a th\u00edch thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi k\u0129 n\u0103ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng cao h\u01a1n. V\u00ec gi\u00e1 sinh ho\u1ea1t t\u0103ng l\u00ean, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng n\u0103m cho t\u1edbi khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u01b0u th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed n\u1eefa. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, n\u0103m 2000 l\u01b0\u01a1ng trung b\u00ecnh cho m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 l\u00e0 $8000 m\u1ed9t n\u0103m nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0y nay n\u00f3 l\u00e0 $22,500. Khi kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i CNTT t\u0103ng l\u00ean, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m gi\u1ea3m \u0111i. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n CNTT th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i do k\u0129 n\u0103ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf trong c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh. V\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed cao, k\u0129 n\u0103ng th\u1ea5p, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u00e9m v\u00e0 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 h\u1ecfng cao, kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i CNTT kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 tu\u1ef3 ch\u1ecdn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

Cho d\u00f9 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed t\u1edbi c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn k\u0129 n\u0103ng nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ee7 nhanh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y. V\u00ec ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n, n\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. Khi n\u1ec1n \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb PC sang di \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1edbi. Kh\u00f4ng may l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do ch\u00ednh nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111ang c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc “kho\u00e1n trong qui m\u00f4 l\u1edbn,” v\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n truy nh\u1eadp t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 \u00edch l\u1ee3i l\u1edbn trong n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c kho\u00e1n trong. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u01b0u th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 thu\u1ebf c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m trong n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba s\u1ebd tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u0103n ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef. V\u1edbi c\u00e1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed \u0111\u00fang, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed \u0111i l\u1ea1i, gi\u1ea3m vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111em t\u1edbi quan h\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang cho c\u00f4ng ti v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1eef vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u1edf nh\u00e0. V\u00ec nh\u1eefng \u00edch l\u1ee3i n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1edbm th\u1ea5y th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kho\u00e1n trong.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

New trend: In-sourcing<\/p>\n

Last week, General Motor announced that it will bring most of its Information Technology (IT) works back and stopped future outsourcing. Industry analysts believed that it was the beginning of the \u201cin sourcing\u201d trend among large companies and over the next few years, more companies would do the same.<\/p>\n

In-sourcing will result in the hiring or re-hiring of at least 10,000 IT workers and could create an addition 80,000 more jobs for the area. Over twenty years ago, GM was among the first companies that start the outsourcing trend in manufacturing sector. It needed to reduce costs to modernize its factories. Now their factories modernization is almost complete, they have new equipments, new machineries, new automation process and a lot of robots so they need more IT workers to run the operation. Other large manufacturing companies are probably going to do the same when their modernization completed. While other companies may not be making in-sourcing decision immediately but many CIOs are reconsidering their outsourcing strategy, particularly in the time when outsourcing is no longer about lower cost but fulfilling skills need.\u201d<\/p>\n

According to an industry report, a majority of outsourcing providers only have workers with limited skills that may not be able to handle new skill requirements. For the past two decades, they are successful with low cost model and it is difficult for them to change. Many prefer to hire new graduates with limited skills because they do not have to pay higher wages. As cost of living increased, they raised their price each year until there was no cost advantage anymore. For example, in 2000 the average wage for an Indian programmer was $8000 a year but today it is $22,500 As IT outsourcing increased, software quality decreased. There were many IT project failed due to limited skills in both project managers and programmers. With high cost, low skills, poor quality and high failure rate, IT outsourcing is no longer a viable option.<\/p>\n

Even the trend has changed from reducing cost to improving skills but many outsourcing providers cannot change fast enough to meet the demand. As software is getting larger and more complex, it requires better skilled workers. As platform is changing from PC to mobile, it requires newer skills. Unfortunately many outsourcing companies do not have any plans to support these changes. That is the main reason many customers are considering \u201clarge-scale in-sourcing\u201d, because they need better access to highly skilled workers with the latest technology that they could not find in other countries.<\/p>\n

There is big benefit to in-sourcing effort. Beside certain tax advantage of bringing the works back, having work done in the same country will avoid cultural and language issues. With proper management, it could bring higher productivity, better quality, reduced travel costs, reduced rework and project failures. It also brings positive public relations for the company of keeping jobs at home. Because of these benefits, we may see more in-sourcing activities soon.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, General Motor \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111em h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT) tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 d\u1eebng kho\u00e1n … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-775","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/775","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=775"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/775\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":777,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/775\/revisions\/777"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=775"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=775"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=775"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}