{"id":767,"date":"2013-06-23T21:26:42","date_gmt":"2013-06-23T14:26:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=767"},"modified":"2013-06-23T21:26:42","modified_gmt":"2013-06-23T14:26:42","slug":"mo-hinh-doanh-nghiep-phan-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=767","title":{"rendered":"M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n 1"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn l\u00e0 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i t\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3. Vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng hay x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y h\u1ee9ng kh\u1edfi cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe n\u00f3 v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n Bill Gates n\u00f3i n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: \u201cVi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi b\u00e0n, trong m\u1ecdi nh\u00e0, v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec1u d\u00f9ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m Microsoft.\u201d Vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Steve Jobs c\u00f2n tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n: \u201cT\u1ea1o ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u00ecnh dung ra \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng mu\u1ed1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n, ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a c\u00f3, \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in ra tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eb7t ra ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 “C\u00e1i g\u00ec” m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p mu\u1ed1n nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 “L\u00e0m sao” c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh hay l\u00e0m sao c\u00f4ng ti l\u00e0m ra ti\u1ec1n. N\u00f3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u00e0nh chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 l\u00ed do c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1o ra gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, chuy\u1ec3n giao cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ra ti\u1ec1n. Theo Ts Alexander Osterwalder, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p cho nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p bao g\u1ed3m ch\u00edn c\u1ea5u ph\u1ea7n: Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng; Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb; K\u00eanh; Thu nh\u1eadp; Quan h\u1ec7; Chi ph\u00ed; T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean; Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00e0 Quan h\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ed1i t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng bao g\u1ed3m danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng kh\u00e1c nhau m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m kinh doanh v\u1edbi. Tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 cho s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p cung c\u1ea5p cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 n\u00e0o m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p gi\u00fap cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n. K\u00eanh m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 cho c\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n giao tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb. Quan h\u1ec7 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 cho c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u quan h\u1ec7 m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecd v\u00e0 gi\u1eef h\u1ecd. Lu\u1ed3ng Thu nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho ti\u1ec1n m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p sinh ra t\u1eeb t\u1eebng ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean then ch\u1ed1t m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 cho m\u1ecdi t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng then ch\u1ed1t m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 cho m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0n cho m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac Chi ph\u00ed m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 cho m\u1ecdi chi ph\u00ed ph\u1ea3i g\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p. Quan h\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ed1i t\u00e1c then ch\u1ed1t m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

Khi nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nh\u01b0: Ai l\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m kinh doanh v\u1edbi? L\u00e0m sao b\u1ea1n v\u01b0\u01a1n t\u1edbi h\u1ecd? Nh\u00f3m kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng l\u1edbn ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o? L\u00e0m sao b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 h\u1ecd, tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n cho h\u1ecd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd quay l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m kinh doanh th\u00eam n\u1eefa? L\u00e0m sao b\u1ea1n chuy\u1ec3n giao s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m hay d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5? T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n? L\u00e0m sao b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n? L\u00e0m sao b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o thu nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 cho b\u1ea1n sinh l\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? C\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac chi ph\u00ed ph\u00e1t sinh ra \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng? Ki\u1ec3u thu nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sinh ra v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1i b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o ra? Li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu h\u00fat nhi\u1ec1u kinh doanh b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p tu\u00e2n theo \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t qui tr\u00ecnh theo logic \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 l\u00ean gi\u1ea5y khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh, chia s\u1ebb n\u00f3 v\u1edbi t\u1ed5, d\u00f9ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t, d\u00f9ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m nghi\u1ec7m l\u1ea1i \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p k\u0129 thu\u1eadt, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00fang, th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00f4 v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ti m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng suy ngh\u0129 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng th\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1o. H\u1ecd gi\u1eef m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 trong \u0111\u1ea7u thay v\u00ec chia s\u1ebb n\u00f3 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. H\u1ecd b\u1ecb che m\u1eaft b\u1edfi “thi\u00ean ki\u1ebfn c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n” c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u1edfi tham v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0m c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 ai, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sinh ra bao nhi\u00eau ti\u1ec1n b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd tin r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ebf th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng k\u00e9m, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn k\u00e9m ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 doanh nghi\u1ec7p k\u00e9m v\u00ec nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed5, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Google l\u00e0 \u201cL\u00e0m m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng web d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 t\u00ecm c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd\u201d; Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ai t\u00ecm c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ean web; tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean li\u00ean quan trong \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd; K\u00eanh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 website tr\u00ean Internet; Quan h\u1ec7 Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng t\u00ednh ti\u1ec1n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 t\u00ecm c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng; Thu nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti t\u1edbi t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n cho qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, n\u1ebfu kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng t\u00ecm t\u1eeb \u201c\u00f4 t\u00f4\u201d th\u00ec Google s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o \u00f4 t\u00f4 tr\u00ean trang web. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c s\u00e1nh \u0111\u00fang qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng quan t\u00e2m, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng tr\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n h\u01a1n. Google d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecm c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 tr\u00ean Web \u0111\u1ec3 thu h\u00fat c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n cho vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn qua t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1eebng c\u1ea5u ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m nghi\u1ec7m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 qua nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, Google l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m internet l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng t\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la thu nh\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 qui tr\u00ecnh gi\u00fap cho nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m nhi\u1ec1u tu\u1ef3 ch\u1ecdn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ti\u1ec1n b\u1eb1ng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng nguy\u00ean thu\u1ef7 v\u00e0 vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ecdi \u00fd ngh\u0129 l\u00ean gi\u1ea5y, b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft ch\u00fang ta tr\u00ean t\u1eebng c\u1ea5u ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u00fd ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd theo c\u00e1ch logic, th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn ch\u00fang v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi v\u1ecb th\u1ebf chi ph\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The business model<\/p>\n

A vision is the description of what a startup would like to achieve in the future. It is intended to serve as a direction and guidance to help entrepreneur explores and defines a list of actions to get there. The vision often starts with a simple phrase, it can be abstract or specific but the purpose is to inspire people who hear it about the intended direction. For example Bill Gates puts it simply: \u201cMy vision is to put a personal computer in every desk, in every home, and they all use Microsoft products.\u201d Steve Jobs\u2019 vision is more abstract: \u201cCreate the most remarkable product by figure out what customer want before they do, to innovate things that does not exist, to read thing that are not yet printed on the paper.\u201d<\/p>\n

A vision statement sets the direction of \u201cWhat\u201d the entrepreneur wants but does not describe \u201cHow\u201d the startup operates or how it makes money. It needs to be expanded into more details called a business model. The business model describes the rationale of how startup creates values, delivers to customers and makes money. According to Dr Alexander Osterwalder, a business model for entrepreneur consists of nine components: Customers; Value; Channels; Revenue; Relationships; Cost; Resources; Activities, and Partnerships.<\/p>\n

Customer segments consist of the list of different groups of customers that startup wants to do business with. Value Propositions describes the products and services that startup provides to a specific customer and any support that startup helps customers in getting what they want. Channel describes how startup reaches its customer segments to deliver a value proposition. The Customer Relationships describes the types of relationships startup establishes with specific customer segments to get them and keep them. The Revenue Stream represents money a startup generates from each customer segment. Key Resources describes all assets requires to make the vision become a reality. Key Activities describes all important things startup must do to make things work. Cost structure describes all cost incurred to operate the startup. Key Partnerships describes all suppliers and partners that support and contribute to the vision.<\/p>\n

When entrepreneur expand his vision into a business model, he must conduct a market research to get answer to a number of questions such as: Who are the customer that you want to do business with? How do you reach them? How large is the group of customers? How can you get them, satisfy them and ensure that they come back for more business? How do you deliver your product or service? What specific resources and activities that you need to set up your startup? How do you get money to start your business? How do you ensure your revenue will exceed your cost so you are profitable? Will your startup cost structure generate enough profit? What are specific types of revenue that you can generate with the set up that you create? Is it possible to attract more business by build a special relationship with one segment of customers?<\/p>\n

The business model is created to help entrepreneur completely follow a process to logically put everything on paper as he must organize the model, share it with the team, use it for discussion and most important, use it to validate his idea and vision. Many technical entrepreneurs, who do not receive proper training, often rush to start a company without clearly thinking through. They keep things in their head rather share it with others. They are blinded by their \u201cpersonal biases\u201d and guide by their ambitions to do something, they do not know who their customers are, how much money they could generate because they believe that they can be successful based on their idea. That is why so many startups failed.<\/p>\n

There is no bad idea, there is no bad vision only bad business as entrepreneur does not know how to model their business and ensure success. If we look at how successful startups became giant enterprises, we can see that they all have very good business models. For example Google\u2019s Vision is to \u201cGet every web users to use their search engine\u201d; their Customers are anybody who search something on the web; their Value proposition is to point them to relevant resources in response to their search; their Channel is the website on the Internet; their Customer Relationships is they do not charge money for people who use their search engine to encourage more users; their Revenues come from paying advertisers whose ads are displayed to customers based on their search. For example, if the customer is searching for the word \u201cCar\u201d then Google will display Car advertising on the webpage. By matching advertising with what customer is interested in, it is much more effective than any random advertising. This is how advertiser companies are willing to pay more. Google is using people who search things on the Web to attract the advertisers who pay for their advertising. By carefully thinking through each step, each component of the business model and validate that through many years of market research, Google is the biggest internet software company with billion users and hundred billion dollars in revenue.<\/p>\n

A business model is a process that helps entrepreneurs discover and explore several options on how startups operate and makes money with the original idea and vision. By putting every thought on paper, by answer the questions and write them down on each components of the business model, entrepreneurs can organize their thought in a logical way, carefully discuss them with their partners to find innovative and disruptive ways to get into the market quickly to achieve a dominant position.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn l\u00e0 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-767","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nha-doanh-nghiep"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/767","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=767"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/767\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":768,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/767\/revisions\/768"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=767"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=767"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=767"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}