{"id":713,"date":"2013-06-22T11:52:49","date_gmt":"2013-06-22T04:52:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=713"},"modified":"2013-06-22T11:52:49","modified_gmt":"2013-06-22T04:52:49","slug":"agile-va-kich-co-du-an","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=713","title":{"rendered":"Agile v\u00e0 k\u00edch c\u1ee1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cTu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc em tham d\u1ef1 m\u1ed9t x\u00ea mi na Agile trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng Agile c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho b\u1ea5t k\u00ec k\u00edch c\u1ee1 n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y cho c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a em. Em nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng th\u1ea7y vi\u1ebft \u201cAgile ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed1t cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u1ecf.\u201d Em th\u1ea5y l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n, xin th\u1ea7y gi\u00fap.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0110\u00e1p: Theo kinh nghi\u1ec7m ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, c\u00e1c qui tr\u00ecnh Agile d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 nh\u1ecf nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u1ecf. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Agile v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u00edch c\u1ee1 kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1edbi Agile trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u1ecf (\u00edt h\u01a1n 10 ng\u01b0\u1eddi). Ken Beck, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh c\u1ef1c \u0111oan (EP) c\u0169ng vi\u1ebft trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y: \u201cK\u00edch c\u1ee1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 l\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng cho ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n XP v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh. C\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi hai m\u01b0\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd. M\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\u201d<\/p>\n

S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a Agile l\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, quan h\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, trao \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t Agile v\u00e0o d\u1ef1 \u00e1n k\u00edch c\u1ee1 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m lo\u00e3ng nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh n\u00e0y v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho kh\u00f3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p xo\u00e1y \u1ed1c v\u00e0 d\u1eabn l\u00e1i theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u1edbn. Nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c vai tr\u00f2, tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ngang qua c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m l\u1edbn. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng t\u1eebng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho ki\u1ec3u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. Agile l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u1ecf m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ed1t hay c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean thay \u0111\u1ed5i. C\u00e1c qui tr\u00ecnh Agile y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chu k\u00ec l\u1eb7p ng\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nhanh ch\u00f3ng nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n giao m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t l\u00fac. Tuy nhi\u00ean, Agile c\u1ea7n quan h\u1ec7 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 \u01b0u ti\u00ean v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m ti\u1ebfp. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch chung.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn “m\u1ed9t c\u1ee1 kh\u1edbp cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3.” C\u00f3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u01b0a ra h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n m\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef l\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m v\u1ec1 li\u1ec7u b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00fang hay kh\u00f4ng. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u x\u00ea mi na v\u00e0 kho\u00e1 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n s\u1ebd d\u1ea1y cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00e1ch qua k\u00ec thi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n n\u00f3 cho \u0111\u00fang. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng. Ki\u1ec3u \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n m\u1ea3nh gi\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u01b0ng trong v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u0103m nom v\u1ec1 tri th\u1ee9c hay k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n cho ai \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ea1y b\u1ea1n c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3, ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eafc b\u1ea1n t\u00ecm ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n gi\u1ecfi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m kinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ch\u0103m nom r\u1eb1ng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t sau khi \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n cho n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i c\u1ef1c k\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ee9a qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

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—-English verrsion—-<\/p>\n

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Agile and project size<\/p>\n

A programmer wrote to me: \u201cLast week I attended an Agile seminar where the consultant explained that Agile can be applied to any size of projects. He offered to provide this special training for my company. I remembered that you wrote \u201cAgile is only good for small project\u201d. I am confused, please help.\u201d<\/p>\n

Answer: Based on my own experience, Agile processes seem to work best with small team of people working on small project. I have managed several Agile projects with differenet sizes and I had better success with Agile in small projects (less than 10 people). Ken Beck, the author of Extreme Programming (EP) also wrote in his famous book: \u201cSize clearly matter, you probably coul not run an XP project with hundred of programmers. Not fifty. Nor twenty, probably. Ten is definitely doable.\u201d<\/p>\n

The strengths of Agile are better coordination, better relationships, better communication, and shared knowledge. By putting Agile in larger size project, you are diluting these strengths and make it more difficult to build a quality product. There are other approaches such as plan-driven and spiral methods designed for larger projects. These methods require well defined roles, responsibilities and strict documentations to coordinate activities across large groups. You need to understand that each approach is designed for certain type of project. Agile is great for small projects that do not have good requirements or requirements are often change. Agile processes require short iterative cycles so customers could get the software as quickly as possible because you do not have to deliver everything at once. However, Agile needs good working relationship with customers and users to get quick feedbacks and priority of what to do next. It also requires that the team members have experiences and can be self-organized to work toward a common goal.<\/p>\n

I do not believe in a \u201cone size fits all\u201d approach. There are consultants who make promises that they cannot keep. Some only want to make money and would do anything to get paid. They do not care about whether you are learning something correctly or not. I have seen many seminars and trainings where consultants would teach customers how to pass certain tests to get certificates but not how to do it correctly. The result is programmers have the certificates but no skills. This type of trainings is popular to people who only want a piece of paper to display in their office but do not care about their knowledge or skills. If you have to pay someone to teach you something, make sure you find a good consultant who have many years of working experiences and really care that their customers would be able to a good job after the training. It is your money and your skills so be extremely careful with people who promise too much.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cTu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc em tham d\u1ef1 m\u1ed9t x\u00ea mi na Agile trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-713","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-quan-li-du-an"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/713","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=713"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/713\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":714,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/713\/revisions\/714"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=713"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=713"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=713"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}