{"id":709,"date":"2013-06-22T11:50:24","date_gmt":"2013-06-22T04:50:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=709"},"modified":"2013-06-22T11:50:24","modified_gmt":"2013-06-22T04:50:24","slug":"vien-kien-chung","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=709","title":{"rendered":"Vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn chung"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o tr\u1ebb h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i: \u201cCh\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn chung cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 v\u00e0i cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp v\u00e0 \u0111i t\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u g\u1ee3i \u00fd nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u00edch l\u1ee3i n\u00e0o. C\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111i sai? Xin th\u1ea7y l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean.”<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0110\u00e1p: Peter Senge, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch “K\u1ec9 lu\u1eadt th\u1ee9 n\u0103m” m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn chung nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c g\u00e2y s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh g\u1ee3i c\u1ea3m trong tr\u00e1i tim con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn chung l\u00e0 b\u1ee9c tranh v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n n\u00ean ghi nh\u1edb trong t\u00e2m kh\u1ea3m. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng, d\u00f9 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc, tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc, hay \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh. T\u1ea1o ra vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn chung c\u1ea7n th\u1eddi gian b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o, h\u1ecdc sinh v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 huynh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd s\u1ebd gi\u1ed1ng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn chung, th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf \u0111\u00f3; v\u00e0 h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1edd n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ed3i v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0. Hay trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0 th\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u00ea \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y. B\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1eb3ng li\u00ean quan g\u00ec t\u1edbi h\u1ecd. Vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn chung n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh “tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta”, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbp th\u00e0nh “l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta” v\u00ec n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn chung, n\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng chung. N\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u0103n c\u01b0\u1edbc chung v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u00f3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00e1ch t\u01b0 duy v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1edbi. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi then ch\u1ed1t trong l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o ra vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn chung cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0nh t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd theo \u201cch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd,\u201d trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0 v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a v\u00ec m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd l\u00e0m ch\u1ec9 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch chung v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7. V\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn chung th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu\u00e2n theo “ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd” nh\u01b0ng ch\u1eb3ng ai ch\u0103m nom.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn chung l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn chung \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn chung, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i v\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m g\u00ec. H\u1ecd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd m\u00e0 c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m ra ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9. H\u1ecd s\u1ebd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7n m\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n x\u1ea3y ra b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 “tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd” v\u00e0 “l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.” Khi sinh vi\u00ean, th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng chia s\u1ebb c\u00f9ng vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7n c\u00f9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho “tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd” t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn chung m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 chung, cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh chung, ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ebfn chung v\u00e0 b\u1ee9c tranh chung v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. H\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean l\u1eabn nhau. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea1nh tranh gi\u1eefa m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n truy\u1ec1n tr\u00e1ch m\u00f3c hay che gi\u1ea5u th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i v\u00ec m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn chung n\u00e0y ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u1edfi m\u1edf v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eed b\u1ecf quan li\u00eau, c\u1ea1nh tranh trong v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng nghe m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean. B\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1edbi thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng, c\u00f9ng nhau h\u1ecd t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u1ec1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh. Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ebf th\u00ec vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ebd n\u1ed5i l\u00ean v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

A shared vision<\/p>\n

A young teacher asked me: \u201cWe are working to create a shared vision for our school. We had several meetings and came up with many suggestions but I did not see any benefits. What went wrong? Please advice.<\/p>\n

Answer: Peter Senge, the author of the book “The Fifth Discipline” describes shared vision as a force of impressive power in the people’s hearts. Basically, a shared vision is a picture of the future state that everyone in your school keeps in their mind. A school, whether it is an elementary school, a high school, or a university need to develop a vision that describe the school that they want to become. Creating a shared vision takes time because it requires school leaders, teachers, students, and parents to work together to share their beliefs and describe how their ideal school would look like in the future.<\/p>\n

Without a shared vision, teachers may think that the school belongs to the government and teachers are just people who work there; and they only work for certain number of hours then go home. Or in case of private school then the school belongs to the owners and teachers are only employees who are hired to teach. Whatever happens to the school has nothing to do with them. The shared vision should change the school into \u201cour school\u201d, and changes the class into \u201cour class\u201d as it creates a sense of belonging and ownership to everyone. By having a shared vision, it allows people to work together toward a common direction. It creates a common identity and a sense of purpose. It encourages new ways of thinking and acting. It also promotes ownership.<\/p>\n

The school principal is the key person in leading the process of creating the shared vision for the school but I have seen some school leaders set direction for their schools in \u201ctheir own direction\u201d, in that case, the direction is meaningless as people will do only whatever they have to do to keep their jobs but there is no excitement, no common goal and no sense of ownership. And without a shared vision no progress can be made as leaders must constantly remind people to follow \u201ctheir direction\u201d but nobody care.<\/p>\n

It is important to emphasize that the shared vision is the collective work of everybody who work in the school. The school leader is the person who promotes and monitors the implementation of that shared vision to make sure it is achieved. By having a shared vision, people know what direction to go and what they need to do. They feel that this is their place that needs to make progress. They will work hard to make improvements happen because it is \u201ctheir school and \u201ctheir class\u201d. When students, teachers and school leaders share the same vision, everyone will work hard to make \u201ctheir school\u201d better to achieve higher quality education than their competitors. With a shared vision everyone has a common place, a common journey, a common destination and a common picture about the future. They work together as a team, supporting and encouraging each other. There is no competition between people, therefore there is no need to pass blame or hide failures because everything is a learning opportunity.<\/p>\n

To create this shared vision the school leaders must encourage openness and collaboration by eliminate bureaucracy, office competition and willing to listen to both teachers and students\u2019 concerns. By their willingness to change and examine what work and what does not work, together they create a sense of unity and destiny. Only then a vision for the future will emerge and education excellence will happen.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o tr\u1ebb h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i: \u201cCh\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn chung cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 v\u00e0i … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-709","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-giao-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/709","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=709"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/709\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":710,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/709\/revisions\/710"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=709"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=709"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=709"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}