{"id":633,"date":"2013-06-21T19:55:04","date_gmt":"2013-06-21T12:55:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=633"},"modified":"2013-06-21T19:55:04","modified_gmt":"2013-06-21T12:55:04","slug":"loi-khuyen-ve-truong-sau-dai-hoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=633","title":{"rendered":"L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng sau \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t ngi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc hay sau khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 xin v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng sau \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 sai l\u1ea7m l\u1edbn v\u00ec th\u1ebf th\u00ec qu\u00e1 tr\u1ec5 do h\u1ea1n ch\u00f3t cho n\u1ed9p \u0111\u01a1n v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng sau \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u1edf M\u0129 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh t\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 12 hay th\u00e1ng gi\u00eang. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n xin h\u1ecdc ngay t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 11. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng sau \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u01a1n xin h\u1ecdc v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 9 c\u1ee7a n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i TR\u01af\u1edaC KHI t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 websites v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi chi ti\u1ebft th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1eadp h\u1ecdc cho n\u00ean b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc ch\u00fang c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u1ed9p \u0111\u01a1n xin v\u00e0o.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng sau \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea1nh tranh, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean xin s\u1edbm, \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 n\u0103m t\u1edbi b\u1ea9y tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o. M\u1eabu \u0111\u01a1n xin v\u00e0o l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01a1n l\u00e0 “Ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch” n\u01a1i b\u1ea1n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng sau \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao b\u1ea1n quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01a1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, \u0111am m\u00ea c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, v\u00e0 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m v\u1edbi ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n hay ki\u1ec3u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0o b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh. L\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ban x\u00e9t tuy\u1ec3n t\u1ea1i Carnegie Mellon, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec3m h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn \u0111\u01a1n xin h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u201cPh\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch\u201d l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn hay b\u00e1c b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi xin h\u1ecdc cho n\u00ean b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian vi\u1ebft ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn. B\u1ea1n n\u00ean c\u00f3 c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc hay gi\u00e1o s\u01b0, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u cho b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc ki\u1ec3m n\u00f3 v\u00e0 cho b\u1ea1n l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i vi\u1ebft l\u1ea1i n\u00f3 v\u00e0i l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 \u0111\u00fang. “Ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch” c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m v\u1edbi ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, ki\u1ec3u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0o m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n theo \u0111u\u1ed5i cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n (Li\u1ec7u b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hay l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v.v.). T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 mu\u1ed1n g\u00ec v\u00e0 c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i vi\u1ebft. L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o c\u00e1c website c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c khoa m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n xin v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn hay ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang xin v\u00e0o r\u1ed3i s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi v\u00e0i c\u00e2u hay \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn hay s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y v\u00e0 so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o n\u00f3 cho kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0110\u1eeaNG n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 gia \u0111\u00ecnh b\u1ea1n, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, hay b\u1ea5t k\u00ec m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p. (B\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ban x\u00e9t tuy\u1ec3n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m \u0111\u01a1n, \u0111ang t\u00ecm g\u00ec \u1edf b\u1ea1n? L\u00e0m sao h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ecdc qua c\u00e1c ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u n\u00e0y v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt hay kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd?).<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng sau \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 hai t\u1edbi b\u1ed1n th\u01b0 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u t\u1eeb ai \u0111\u00f3 bi\u1ebft b\u1ea1n. \u0110i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh nh\u1eefng th\u01b0 n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i t\u1edbi t\u1eeb c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed trong c\u00f4ng ti n\u01a1i b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u b\u1ea1n. Th\u01b0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng t\u1edbi t\u1eeb c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 b\u1ea1n, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 “l\u00e0ng nh\u00e0ng” m\u00e0 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u00edch g\u00ec nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 ki\u1ec3u \u0111\u00f3. L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u t\u1ed1t\u00a0 th\u00ec b\u1ea1n n\u00ean bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng tham gia v\u00e0o trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00ec h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng vi\u1ebft c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 b\u1ea1n thay v\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u t\u1ed1t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 d\u1ea1y l\u1edbp m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ee7 r\u00f5 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft ra c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 b\u1ea1n.\u00a0Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1eebng g\u1eedi th\u01b0 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u t\u1eeb h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, b\u1ea1n g\u00e1i hay b\u1ea1n trai c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n cho d\u00f9 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 b\u1ea1n v\u00ec c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u th\u01b0 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec3m trung b\u00ecnh Grade Point Averages (GPA) l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadp h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n nh\u01b0ng t\u1eebng tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o GPA m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ed1t l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean ban x\u00e9t tuy\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u00ecn k\u0129 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n hay t\u1edbi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c b\u1ea1n \u0111ang xin v\u00e0o thay v\u00ec m\u1ecdi m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd coi GPA c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n trong hai n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c m\u00f4n m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u1edf n\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t hay n\u0103m th\u1ee9 hai. V\u1ec1 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 GPA \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh sau \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng hay kh\u00f4ng. \u0110i\u1ec3m 3.0 t\u1edbi 3.2 (tr\u00ean thang 4.0) l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u cho h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng sau \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c k\u00ec thi v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng sau \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 GRE, GMAT v.v. l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadp h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n l\u1ea5y c\u00e1c k\u00ec thi n\u00e0y s\u1edbm TR\u01af\u1edaC KHI t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p b\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi xin v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng sau \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n xin v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi t\u1edbi h\u1ecd c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1n c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0o m\u1eabu \u0111\u01a1n. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 k\u00ec thi n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb website hay th\u00f4ng tin qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh sau \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n xin v\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 t\u1ed1t ti\u1ebfng Anh b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 ch\u1eb7t v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng h\u00e0n l\u00e2m. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh sau \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfng Anh t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u tu\u1ef3 theo tr\u01b0\u1eddng. V\u1ec1 trung b\u00ecnh, \u0111i\u1ec3m TOEFL iBT to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u00e0 95 (v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m con kh\u00f4ng \u00edt h\u01a1n 23) hay \u0111i\u1ec3m IELTS \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 7.5 l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u01a1n xin h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 1 t\u1edbi th\u00e1ng 3 cho n\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e1ng 3, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn hay b\u00e1c b\u1ecf. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh sau \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p h\u1ecdc b\u1ed5ng, ti\u1ec1n th\u01b0\u1edfng, hay h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n n\u00ean ki\u1ec3m v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 xem li\u1ec7u b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn ch\u00fang hay kh\u00f4ng. (Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0nh cho c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd hay c\u01b0 d\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00fa nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5p cho sinh vi\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i n\u1eefa). C\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap k\u0129 thu\u1eadt (TA) th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m b\u00e1n th\u1eddi m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho b\u1ea1n tr\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ph\u00ed h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng. V\u1edbi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh th\u1ea1c s\u0129, TA th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p trong n\u0103m th\u1ee9 hai sau khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c h\u00e0n l\u00e2m. V\u1edbi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn s\u0129, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng cung c\u1ea5p vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u (RA) hay ti\u1ec1n th\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 trong th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. Ti\u1ec1n th\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u1ecdc b\u1ed5ng, TA v\u00e0 RA c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u1ea1nh tranh cho n\u00ean \u0111\u1eebng mong \u0111\u1ee3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean tin r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o h\u1ecdc. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 b\u1ea1n n\u00ean ki\u1ec3m v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean t\u1eeb c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 sai l\u1ea7m. C\u00f3 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn gi\u1eefa nh\u1eadn h\u1ecdc b\u1ed5ng t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u00edt t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u cho d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ra ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn m\u1ecdi y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean t\u1eeb c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n hay c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00f3 l\u1ebd s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. B\u1ea1n c\u0169ng n\u00ean ki\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 danh ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0 x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng h\u00e0n l\u00e2m c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng sau \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. T\u00ecm ra th\u00eam v\u1ec1 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean. L\u00e0m ra m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, t\u1edbi th\u0103m h\u1ecd v\u00e0 g\u1eb7p c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd d\u1ea1y b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean \u0111ang h\u1ecdc trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng sau \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng mu\u1ed1n b\u1ea1n ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00ec n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n b\u00e1c b\u1ecf h\u1ecd, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd d\u00e0nh ch\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n cho ai \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c \u0111ang xin v\u00e0o. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang s\u1ebd x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ra ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Advice on graduate school<\/p>\n

Many college graduates often wait few months before or after graduation to apply to graduate school. It is a big mistake as it is too late because deadline for applications for graduate school in the U.S. are typically due in December or January. Some schools start to accept applications as early as November. If you want to go to graduate school, you must prepare your application in September of your last year BEFORE graduation. Most universities have websites with all the admission information details so you must read them carefully and be prepared before applying.<\/p>\n

Since graduate school admission is very competitive, you should apply early to at least, five to seven schools, to get better chance of getting in. Admission application form is simple but the most important part of the application is the “Statement of Purpose” where you explain why you want to go to graduate school and why you are interested in a specific area. This is the most important part of your application as it is used to determine your interest, your passion, and your idea on what you want to do with your career or what type of research that you want to conduct. As a member of the admission board at Carnegie Mellon, I have reviewed hundreds if not thousands of applications, and I can say that the \u201cStatement of Purpose\u201d is one of the key factors to accept or reject an applicant so you need to take time to write this part carefully. You should have your school advisor or professors who will write your recommendation letter to review it and give you advice. It is likely that you may have to rewrite it few times to get it right. Your \u201cStatement of Purpose\u201d should clearly explain what you want to do with your career, what type of work that you want to pursue for your future (Whether you want to do research or work in the industry etc.). Of course, some students may not know what they really want yet and have problem on what to write. My advice is to look at the website of the department that you want to apply to and read the vision or the program\u2019s mission statement in the field of study that you are applying then modify it into your statement of purpose. You may start with a few sentences or paragraphs based on the program\u2019s vision or mission and elaborate it to fit your profile. However, do NOT talk about your family, your personal view, or any non-professional interests. (What do you think members of the admission board, who must read hundreds of applications, are you looking for? How do they read through these statements and select which one that is really standout or fit their interests?).<\/p>\n

Most graduate schools require two to four letters of recommendation from someone who know you. Typically these letters should come from professors in your school or managers in a company where you work. The important thing is you should get letters from people who really know your abilities and strongly recommend you. The bestletters always come from professors who know of your work and who write favorably about your work. Of course, if the professors do not know you well, they may write \u201cso so\u201d letters which are not helpful as I have seen many of them. My advice is if you want to have good recommendation letters then you should getting to know some professors by trying to get involved in their research as they\u00a0will be able to write something impressive about you rather than something that anyone can write. It is possible to get good letters of recommendation from professors who teach classes that you did well if they know you well enough to write something meaningful about you.\u00a0However, do not send letters of recommendation from your relatives, your girl friend or boy friend even though they may know you well as these types of letter are not considered favorably.<\/p>\n

The Grade Point Averages (GPA) is another factor used to determine your admission but each school looks at GPA differently. Although good grades are important but most admission board members would often look closely at courses related in your major or to the field that you are applying to rather than every course. Some would consider your GPA in the last two years more important and may ignore courses that you get in your first or second year. Overall the GPA is mostly used to determine whether you could complete the graduate program successful or not. A 3.0 to 3.2 (on a 4.0 scale) is a minimum requirement for most graduate schools.<\/p>\n

Graduate school exams such as GRE, GMAT etc. are another factor used to determine your admission. It is important that you take these exams early BEFORE graduation because you should have the score before applying to graduate school. Most admission applications require that you have the official score sent to them as well as you should fill in the score in the application form. You can get details of what exams are required from the school website or brochure from the graduate programs that you want to apply to.<\/p>\n

If you are foreign students, you will need to have a good command of English because it is\u00a0strongly correlated to academic success. Most graduate programs have a minimum English competency score requirement depending on the school. On the average, a total TOEFL iBT score of 95 (with no sub-score less than 23) or an IELTS score of at least 7.5 is preferred.<\/p>\n

Most schools review admission applications in January or February so by March, you should be getting letters of acceptance or rejection. Some graduate programs do offer scholarships, fellowships, or financial aids and you should check with the school to see if you are qualified to receive them or not. (Most are for their citizens or permanent residences but some do offer to foreign students as well). Another way is to ask for teaching assistantship (TA) usually a part time job that can help you to pay for the school\u2019s tuition partially. For the Master program, TA is often offered in the second year after you have achieved a certain degree of academic competency. For PhD program, most schools offer research assistantship (RA) or fellowship to pay for your school but it often involves works for some professors during your time there. Fellowships, scholarships, TA and RA are competitive so do not expect to get them automatically as some students believe that they could get them as part of the admission acceptance. The important thing is that you should check with the school for these before acceptance.<\/p>\n

If you receive several offers, you should seek advices from your school professors. Many students often make decision on the financial aspect alone and it could be a mistake. There is a big difference between receive scholarship from a lesser known school and the chance to study at the top school even without some financial supports as it may determine your future career. My advice is to carefully examine all factors and ask for advice from your professors or school advisors as they will probably be able to help you make decision. You should also check the graduate school\u2019s reputations and academic ranking as part of your decision process. Find out more about the program, their research as well as the students\u2019 placement rating. Make a list of questions and contact them to get answers to help you make decision. If possible, visit them and meet with professors who will teach you to understand more about the program before making decision. Contact students who are studying in the program to learn more and get their opinions before making decision. It is your future; it is your career and you need to get all the facts before making decision. Of course, graduate schools always want you to make decision because if you turn them down, they will offer your space to someone else who are applying. However, take your time to do your own research and learn more about the school because it is your decision and the right decision will determine your future career.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t ngi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc hay sau khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 xin v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng sau \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-633","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/633","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=633"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/633\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":634,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/633\/revisions\/634"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=633"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=633"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=633"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}