M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cEm s\u1ebd t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p trong Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh th\u00e1ng s\u00e1u t\u1edbi. Em mu\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u1edf M\u0129 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfn s\u0129. Em c\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00e1i g\u00ec? Xin th\u1ea7y l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean.\u201d<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p: N\u1ebfu em mu\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfn th\u00eam gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a em \u1edf M\u0129 em c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 xin v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn TR\u01af\u1edaC KHI n\u1ed9p \u0111\u01a1n xin v\u00e0o. Em ph\u1ea3i xin v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea1nh tranh. V\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfn s\u0129, em ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u em h\u1ecdc \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ra t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a em. Em c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c em mu\u1ed1n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra v\u1ec1 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng, nhu c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. N\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n, em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3. L\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean, em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nh\u01b0ng em c\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a em m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn. Em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecfi c\u00e1ch h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, t\u1ea1i sao h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3, lo\u1ea1i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0o h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, h\u1ecd \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n c\u00e1i g\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m, v\u00e0 l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean n\u00e0o h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho em.<\/p>\n
Sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o, em ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0 m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t cho n\u00ean em ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a em v\u00e0 c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 cho vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc. Trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u, em ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 v\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 h\u01b0\u1edbng cho em t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a em. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, em kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 c\u1ee7a em \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap em n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft em. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho n\u00ean em ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 h\u1ecd tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Em ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebft tri th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean gia c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecfi xin l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. C\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd l\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho h\u1ecd nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ee3 l\u00ed nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho h\u1ecd, em s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc th\u00eam v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n em v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 kh\u00e1c. M\u1ecdi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 \u0111\u1ec1u bao g\u1ed3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho n\u00ean em ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian. Em ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecd nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a em ngay khi em s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n
Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c l\u1edbp trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea1nh tranh l\u00e0 cao. Nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c nh\u00f3m cho n\u00ean em ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn. Bi\u1ebft t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a em v\u00e0 ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 chung m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a em. S\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng nh\u1eadn th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong l\u1edbp, kh\u00f4ng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng n\u00e0o d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00ec em \u0111ang h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng s\u1ebd ch\u1eb3ng d\u1ea1y cho em \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec. Trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, em ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc v\u00ec em s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u201cChuy\u00ean vi\u00ean\u201d trong m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n
Em c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a em v\u00e0o b\u00e0i b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed h\u00e0n l\u00e2m hay chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 em \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf r\u1eb1ng em l\u00e0 \u201cChuy\u00ean vi\u00ean\u201d. C\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p hay c\u00e1c u\u1ef7 ban \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn xa h\u01a1n ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a em. Em ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf r\u1eb1ng em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n ch\u1ec9 \u0111i theo c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng. Em ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n tri th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean gia c\u1ee7a em, tham v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Em ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng cho em vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u00e0 n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i m\u1edf ra c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho em v\u00ec em c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
The Ph.D degree<\/p>\n
A student wrote to me: \u201cI will graduate in Computer Science next June. I would like to continue my study in the U.S. for a Ph.D. degree. What do I need to prepare? Please advise.\u201d<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Answer: If you want to further your education in the U.S. you need to know which school to apply and investigate their requirements carefully BEFORE submitting your application. You must apply to several schools as admission to an advanced degree is very competitive. For the Ph.D. degree, you must select the best research universities because what you learn there will determine your future. You need to read more articles about the field that you want to research to find out about the trends, the industry needs, as well as the job market. If needed, you may ask questions of the people who are working in the area. As a student, you can ask a lot of questions but you need to prepare your questions carefully. You may ask how they got started, why they study in that area, what kind of projects they work on, what they wish they had done, and what advice they can give you.<\/p>\n
After getting accepted, you must be prepared to succeed. Time management is critical so you must set your career goals and devote everything to learning. In an advanced degree program, you must know the professors well because they can direct you toward your education goals. Of course, you cannot depend on your professors to help you if they do not know you. Most professors are busy with their research activities so you must get to know them first. You should read about their research, and by knowing their expertise, you can ask them for advice. The best way of getting to know them is to consider working for them as a research assistant. By working for them, you will have the chance to learn more and connect yourself with new ideas and other professors. All Ph.D. program involves research so you must be prepared ahead of time. You must be prepared and select your research as soon as you are ready.<\/p>\n
Most classes in an advanced degree program are small but the competition is high. Many classes are organized as group efforts so you must select team members carefully. Get to know your team and make sure that they all share your interest. Willing to take the challenge in class, do not select any assignment that seems easy as you are learning special skills. Easy assignments will teach you nothing. In this program, you must work hard to learn because you will become a \u201cSpecialist\u201d in a field.<\/p>\n
You also need to turn your research into a paper to be published in an academic or professional journal. This is important for you to get recognized and prove that you are a \u201cSpecialist\u201d. Get involved with professional activities or committees to further your career. You must prove that you can do more than just follow directions. You must demonstrate your expertise, ambition, and ability to lead, to solve problems. You must make sure that the advanced degree will not just get you a job but it must open the door of opportunity for you because you have the skills.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cEm s\u1ebd t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p trong Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh th\u00e1ng s\u00e1u t\u1edbi. Em mu\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u1edf … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18,30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6177","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien","category-hoi-va-dap"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6177","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6177"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6177\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6178,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6177\/revisions\/6178"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6177"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6177"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6177"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}