B\u1ea1n t\u00f4i quan ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 tr\u1ebb em Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang h\u1ecdc l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ee9a con trai b\u1ed1n tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a anh \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi vi\u1ebft m\u00e3. Tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, anh \u1ea5y h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i: \u201cCon trai t\u00f4i \u0111i nh\u00e0 tr\u1ebb v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 n\u00f3 l\u00e0m ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ch\u01a1i. T\u00f4i lo ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng khi n\u00f3 l\u1edbn l\u00ean, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c trong khoa h\u1ecdc hay c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec cho n\u00ean t\u00f4i h\u1ecfi th\u1ea7y, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 trong Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, \u0111\u1ec3 xin l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean.\u201d<\/p>\n
T\u00f4i b\u1ea3o anh \u1ea5y: \u201cCh\u01a1i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ebb em c\u1ea7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang h\u1ecdc. N\u1ebfu anh mu\u1ed1n con trai m\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 n\u00ean d\u1ed3n v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng vui \u0111\u00f9a thay v\u00ec vi\u1ebft m\u00e3. N\u1ebfu anh \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c con anh h\u1ecdc, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ch\u00e1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1edbn l\u00ean v\u1edbi n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 h\u1ecdc. T\u00f4i KH\u00d4NG khuy\u00ean d\u1ea1y con anh vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 v\u00e0o l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i s\u1edbm \u0111\u00f3 v\u00ec ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0nh cho vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0 tr\u1ebb con n\u1eefa. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c l\u00e0m b\u00e0i t\u1eadp vi\u1ebft m\u00e3, L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 thay v\u00ec ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc t\u00edch c\u1ef1c. \u00c9p bu\u1ed9c con anh t\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gia \u0111\u00ecnh n\u01a1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 con c\u00e1i s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ee9a con c\u00f3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh b\u00e0i t\u1eadp vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 \u1edf nh\u00e0 hay kh\u00f4ng. S\u1ebd c\u00f3 tranh c\u00e3i, la h\u00e9t, tr\u00e1ch m\u1eafng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t t\u1ec7 cho con c\u00e1i \u1edf l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i nh\u1ecf \u0111\u00f3. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u1ebb s\u1ebd l\u1edbn l\u00ean v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u gh\u00e9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc, hay s\u1ee3 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0.\u201d<\/p>\n
V\u1ee3 anh \u1ea5y quan ng\u1ea1i: \u201c\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb kh\u00e1c gi\u1ecfi h\u01a1n \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng?\u201d T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201c\u0110\u1eebng lo ngh\u0129, \u0111i\u1ec1u con trai anh ch\u1ecb c\u1ea7n b\u00e2y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian c\u00f9ng anh ch\u1ecb n\u01a1i ch\u00e1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 t\u1eeb anh ch\u1ecb. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c cho ch\u00e1u t\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc s\u1ebd c\u01b0\u1edbp \u0111i c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00f3. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, m\u1ecdi b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ec1u mu\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho con c\u00e1i m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng anh ch\u1ecb c\u00f3 h\u1ecfi ch\u00e1u v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00e1u th\u00edch l\u00e0m kh\u00f4ng? Anh ch\u1ecb c\u00f3 n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ch\u00e1u v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ra ch\u00e1u th\u00edch th\u00fa v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng?\u00a0Anh ch\u1ecb c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft ch\u00e1u c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i t\u00e0i n\u0103ng n\u00e0o? \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu ch\u00e1u c\u00f3 t\u00e0i n\u0103ng trong \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh? Ch\u00e1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t Mozart hay Beethoven nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1i g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu anh ch\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n ch\u00e1u l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m? Ch\u00e1u m\u1edbi b\u1ed1n tu\u1ed5i, ch\u00e1u c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec ch\u00e1u mu\u1ed1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u00e1u c\u1ea7n b\u00e2y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian c\u00f9ng b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 n\u01a1i ch\u00e1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 tin, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh v.v. L\u00e0 b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9, anh ch\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch c\u00f9ng ch\u00e1u, k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n cho ch\u00e1u v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ra nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 v\u1ec1 ch\u00e1u thay v\u00ec ch\u1ea1y theo xu h\u01b0\u1edbng r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi tr\u1ebb em ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.\u201d<\/p>\n
B\u1ea1n t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c: \u201cNh\u01b0ng vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 l\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.\u201d T\u00f4i c\u01b0\u1eddi: \u201cT\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1eady v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 trong Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, t\u00f4i tin m\u1ecdi sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 nh\u01b0ng KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i s\u1edbm n\u00e0y. T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang d\u1ea1y Java v\u00e0 Python cho tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf. T\u00f4i c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1eeb t\u1edd China Daily News r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ebb em t\u1eeb s\u00e1u t\u1edbi m\u01b0\u1eddi tu\u1ed5i \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 ch\u00fang g\u1eedi t\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1edbp m\u00f9a h\u00e8 \u201cTr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y n\u1eefa. C\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5 x\u00f4 t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u sai, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd b\u1edfi vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y k\u00e8m \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm ti\u1ec1n.\u201d<\/p>\n
V\u1ee3 anh \u1ea5y mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft: \u201cNh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec? T\u00f4i v\u1eabn ngh\u0129 ch\u00e1u c\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi v\u00e0o ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc.\u201d T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 qu\u00e1 lo l\u1eafng cho n\u00ean t\u00f4i chuy\u1ec3n sang chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt kh\u00e1c: \u201cN\u1ebfu anh ch\u1ecb v\u1eabn ngh\u0129 ch\u00e1u c\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho tr\u1ebb em nh\u01b0 Scratch, Alice, Blocky n\u01a1i con trai anh ch\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng vui ch\u01a1i nh\u01b0ng ch\u00e1u s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc. L\u00e0 b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9, anh ch\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f9ng ch\u00e1u. M\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc theo t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y con trai anh ch\u1ecb m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc n\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i d\u1ea1y cho con m\u00ecnh. Ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea5t v\u00e0i gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi Scratch v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb c\u1ea7n l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y an ninh c\u00f9ng b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 ch\u00fang cho n\u00ean anh ch\u1ecb c\u1ea7n n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi con trai v\u00e0 l\u1eafng nghe m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1u. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, con anh ch\u1ecb c\u1ea7n h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u00e0 ch\u00e1u s\u1ebd \u0111i theo b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec anh ch\u1ecb b\u1ea3o khi ch\u00e1u hi\u1ec3u t\u1ea1i sao anh ch\u1ecb mu\u1ed1n ch\u00e1u l\u00e0m c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t trong vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 l\u1ec7nh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. V\u00e0 nh\u1edb, m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c l\u00ed do con trai anh ch\u1ecb s\u1ebd th\u00edch h\u1ecdc Scratch v\u00ec ch\u00e1u bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng ch\u00e1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian v\u1edbi ai \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00e1u y\u00eau m\u1ebfn.\u201d<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Teaching programming to young children<\/p>\n
My friend is concerned about Chinese children are learning to program but his four-year-old son is not interested in coding. Last week, he asked me: \u201cMy son goes to kindergarten and all he does is playing. I am worrying that when he grows up, he may not be able to compete with others in science or technology. I do not know what to do so I ask you, as a professor in Computer Science, for advice.\u201d<\/p>\n
I told him: \u201cPlaying is what children need and that is how they learn. If you want your son to learn to program, the focus should be a fun activity rather than coding. If you force your son to learn, it may have a negative effect and he may grow up with a fear of learning. I do NOT recommend teaching young children to code at that early age as they do not have the time to be children anymore. By being forced to do coding exercises, Programming is becoming an obligation rather than a positive learning activity. Forcing young children to go to tutorial school in coding will affect the family relationship where the interaction between parents and children will be mostly on whether the child has complete coding homework or not. There will be arguments, yelling, scolding and it is very bad for children at that young age. Eventually, some children will grow up and start to hate school, or afraid of learning and homework.\u201d<\/p>\n
His wife is concerned: \u201cWhat will happen if other children are better in school? I explained: \u201cDo not worry, what your son needs now is to spend time with you where he can learn many things from you. By sending him to tutorial schools will rob him that opportunity. Of course, every parent wants the best for their children but have you asked him about what he likes to do? Have you talked to him and find out what he is interested in?\u00a0 Do you know what kind of talents that he has? What happens if he has a talent in music but not programming? He could be a Mozart or Beethoven but what happens if you fail to recognize it and only wants him to be a software developer? He is only four years old, he has a lot of time to learn anything that he wants. What he needs now is to spend the time with his parents where he can learn to be self-confidence, and be responsible for himself etc. As parents, you can read books with him, telling stories with him and find out more about him rather than following the trends that all children must learn to code to do well in the future.\u201d<\/p>\n
My friend did not convince: \u201cBut coding is the important skill of the future.\u201d I laughed: \u201cOf course, it is and as professors, in Computer Science I believe all students must know how to code but NOT at that early age. I know some Chinese schools are teaching Java and Python for young children. I also read from the China Daily News that many children at six or ten years old are sent by their parents to the \u201cArtificial Intelligence\u201d summer class to learn machine learning too. There is a rush to ensure the next generation will be successful but it is a wrong thing, probably promote by tutorial schools to make money.\u201d<\/p>\n
His wife wondered: \u201cBut what can we do? I still think he needs to learn to code before elementary school.\u201d I knew that I could not convince overconcerned parents so I switched to another tactic: \u201cIf you still think he needs to learn to program, there are several special languages designed for children such as Scratch, Alice, Blocky where your son can learn them as a fun activity but he will not learn it by himself. As parents, you must do that with him. Every programming language learning is a team learning and to teach your son a computer language, the parents must learn it first then teach their children. It only takes a few hours to be familiar with Scratch as it is a good programming language to learn as a family activity. What every child need is to feel secure with their parents so you need to talk to your son and listen to his concern. Of course, your child needs guidance and he will\u00a0follow whatever you ask when he understands why you want him to do something. Clear, simple, explanations are the most effective in learning computer instructions. And remember, one of the reasons your son will enjoy learning Scratch because he knows that he can spend the time with someone that he loves.\u201d<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
B\u1ea1n t\u00f4i quan ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 tr\u1ebb em Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang h\u1ecdc l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ee9a con trai b\u1ed1n tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a anh \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6134","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-phu-huynh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6134","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6134"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6134\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6135,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6134\/revisions\/6135"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6134"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6134"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6134"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}