M\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc sinh vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cN\u1ebfu b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m cho vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, t\u1ea1i sao em c\u1ea7n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc? Em \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc Python v\u00e0 Java t\u1eeb Coursera trong v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng. Em KH\u00d4NG c\u1ea7n b\u1ed1n n\u0103m n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3? Th\u1ea7y ngh\u0129 em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd kh\u00f4ng? Xin th\u1ea7y l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean.\u201d<\/p>\n
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\u0110\u00e1p: Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n em ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u1edbi em ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a em nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i l\u00ean trong ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p, em s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01a1n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng vi\u1ebft m\u00e3. Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 em l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ra ti\u1ec1n. Ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 ngh\u1ec1 c\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t hay gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c n\u01a1i em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi. L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, n\u1ebfu em quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 d\u1eebng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, em s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh b\u1ecb r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a em kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n
Th\u1ee9 hai, em v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc gi\u00fap em thu nh\u1eadn tri th\u1ee9c trong nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tri th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n m\u00e0 em quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi. N\u00f3 gi\u00fap em ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng suy ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n. L\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, em s\u1ebd kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra \u0111am m\u00ea ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a em v\u1ec1 m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n em v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m. Ng\u00e0y nay th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc n\u01a1i em c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a.<\/p>\n
N\u1ebfu em KH\u00d4NG mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 \u01b0a th\u00edch h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb MOOCs, em v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p. Em c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n m\u1ecdi k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c m\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ea7n. Bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean nh\u01b0ng em c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n k\u0129 n\u0103ng vi\u1ebft m\u00e3. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, em mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o? N\u1ebfu em mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Web, em c\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc JavaScript, PHP, HTML, CSS v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tri th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. N\u1ebfu em mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n app di \u0111\u1ed9ng, em c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 Android, IOS v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 an ninh cyber. N\u1ebfu em mu\u1ed1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, em c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, agile hay DevOps v.v. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt, em c\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i, c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5, tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t: \u201cH\u1ecdc c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi.\u201d<\/p>\n
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—English version—<\/p>\n
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Going or not going to college?<\/p>\n
A student wrote to me: \u201cIf a college degree is no longer guarantee for a job, why do I need to go to college? I already learned Python and Java from Coursera in a few months. I do NOT need another four years to learn that? Do you think I can get a job in the technology industry now? Please advise.\u201d<\/p>\n
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Answer: First, I would like you to distinguish the difference between a job and a career. It is possible for you to get a job as a programmer with your programming skills but to move up in a career, you will need more than just coding skills. A job is something you do to make money. A career is a profession that involves special training or formal education where you can work for your whole life. As a programmer, if you decide that is enough and stop learning, you will find yourself in serious trouble when technology changes and your skills are no longer needed.<\/p>\n
Second, you go to college to get educated. A college education helps you to acquire knowledge in many subjects, as well as specific knowledge that you are interested in. It helps you to develop the ability to think independently and critically. As a college student, you will discover your own passion for certain subjects as well as learning about yourself and mature to be a responsible person. Today the world is changing rapidly. Most of the good jobs require a college degree where you have more opportunities to choose from.<\/p>\n
If you do NOT want to go to college but prefer to learn from MOOCs, you still need to have a career plan. You need to identify all the skills and areas that the job market needs. Knowing how to program is only the first step but you need more than the coding skills. For example, what specific areas do you want to work on? If you want to work as a Web Developers, you need to learn JavaScript, PHP, HTML, CSS and some knowledge of database. If you want to work as a mobile app developer, \u00a0you need to know about Android, IOS and some fundamental of cybersecurity. If you want to build software products, you need to know about software development lifecycle, and methods such as plan-driven, agile or DevOps etc. Besides technical skills, you need to develop soft-skills such as communication, collaboration, teamwork, presentation and the most important skill: \u201cLifelong learning.\u201d<\/p>\n
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M\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc sinh vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cN\u1ebfu b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m cho vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, t\u1ea1i sao em c\u1ea7n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc? Em … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18,30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6130","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien","category-hoi-va-dap"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6130","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6130"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6130\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6131,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6130\/revisions\/6131"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6130"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6130"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6130"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}