Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p cao trong c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, c\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng g\u0103ng h\u01a1n m\u1ed7i n\u0103m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m thu h\u1eb9p \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o h\u1ecd ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u cho thay \u0111\u1ed5i. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh phi hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m.<\/p>\n
Trong Di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i (2017), \u00a0nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1: T\u00ednh di \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e0i n\u0103ng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. T\u00ednh di \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e0i n\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i lu\u1eadt di tr\u00fa \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c n\u01a1i h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi. Trong cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb, nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch di tr\u00fa c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao di c\u01b0 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecd. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. Hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb mang t\u00ean \u201cK\u00edch th\u00edch kinh t\u1ebf qua th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y t\u00ednh di \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e0i n\u0103ng\u201d h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u1edbi t\u00ednh di \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e0i n\u0103ng t\u00e1ch xa kh\u1ecfi ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong lu\u1eadt di tr\u00fa c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n
Trong di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n n\u00e0y, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi \u201cKh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u\u201d v\u00ec d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 trong \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111ang s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m nhanh ch\u00f3ng. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n gi\u00e0 h\u01a1n (60 tu\u1ed5i hay h\u01a1n) \u0111ang v\u1ec1 h\u01b0u nh\u01b0ng KH\u00d4NG c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n tr\u1ebb h\u01a1n (18 t\u1edbi 40 tu\u1ed5i) \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf ch\u1ed7 h\u1ecd. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf n\u00e0y tin r\u1eb1ng \u201cV\u1ed1n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u201d s\u1ebd s\u1edbm v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u201cV\u1ed1n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh\u201d l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng h\u01a1n s\u1ebd chi ph\u1ed1i n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n
Sau nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i lu\u1eadt di tr\u00fa c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u1edbi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi. H\u1ecd bi\u1ec7n minh r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u00edch l\u1ee3i cho c\u1ea3 hai n\u01b0\u1edbc: Nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eadn c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n) s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n. Nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc g\u1eedi \u0111i c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n) c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i b\u1edfi vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c g\u1eedi ti\u1ec1n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng s\u1ebd g\u1eedi ti\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ecd. V\u00ec c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m ra nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eedi v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 g\u1ea5p ba hay b\u1ed1n l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf n\u00e0y tin r\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n g\u1eedi l\u1edbn, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n chu\u1ea9n s\u1ed1ng, t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Qua th\u1eddi gian, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 sau khi c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n giao k\u0129 n\u0103ng, v\u1ed1n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i cho n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra \u01b0u th\u1ebf l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau ra l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n tr\u1ebb h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng. M\u1ed9t ban g\u1ed3m n\u0103m nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecfi: \u201cNg\u00e0y nay, k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady?\u00a0 \u0110\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh di \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e0i n\u0103ng s\u1ebd KH\u00d4NG c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i lu\u1eadt di tr\u00fa l\u00e0 KH\u00d4NG \u0111\u1ee7, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.\u201d<\/p>\n
Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd r\u1eb1ng v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh, m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i t\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho nhu c\u1ea7u to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng. V\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m m\u1edbi t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Talents Mobility<\/p>\n
Today there is a high unemployment among college students in many countries. At the same time, there is a shortage of skilled workers in other countries. Most global companies recognize that their needs for skilled workers are getting more critical each year and could reduce their competitive advantage unless they take a strong action and demand for a change. The issue also points to the inefficiencies of several education systems that fail to address the needs of the job market.<\/p>\n
In last year World Economic Forum (2017), \u00a0many economists have concluded that this shortage can be solved based on two factors: Talent mobility and better education. The talent mobility can easily be solved by changing immigration law to allow skilled workers to work where they are needed. During the conference, several governments have agreed to review their immigration policies to allow highly skilled workers to migrate and work in their countries. However, due to a political issue, the policy has not been fully implemented yet. Currently, there is a proposal called \u201cStimulating Economies through Fostering Talent Mobility\u201d focusing on addressing talent mobility away from politics. If this proposal is accepted, there will be changes in the immigration laws of many countries.<\/p>\n
During the forum, many economists have warned that the global economy is approaching a \u201cDemographic crisis\u201d as the working-age populations of developed economies are declining quickly. There are many older workers (60 years or more) who are retiring but NOT enough younger workers (18 to 40 years old) to take their place. These economists believe that soon, \u201cHuman capital\u201d will surpass \u201cFinancial capital\u201d as the economic engine of the future. That means countries that have more skilled workers will dominate the global economy and control the world.<\/p>\n
After several discussions, many economists have concluded that some countries must change their immigration laws to allow skilled workers to work wherever they are needed. They argued that it will benefit both countries: The countries that receive skilled workers (i.e., developed countries) will have what they need. The countries that send skilled workers (i.e., developing countries) will also benefit by getting a lot of financial remittances as most skilled workers would send money home to help their family. Since skilled workers make much more than labor workers, their financial remittance could triple or quadruple the amount of money sending back home as compared with labor workers who work overseas. These economists believed that with a large amount of remittance, developing countries can improve the standard of living, create more jobs, and improve their economy. Over time, skilled workers may\u00a0 return home after having experience working abroad, they can transfer their skills, capital, and technology back home and create significant advantages.<\/p>\n
However, during the discussion, the main question was raised on whether countries that have a large population of younger workers could produce such skilled workers. A panel of five top economists asked: \u201cToday, the needed skills are in the science and technology fields, we do not know which education system could produce such skilled workers?\u00a0 The talent mobility proposal will NOT \u00a0work without skilled workers. To change immigration law is NOT enough, we need to require changes in their education system and focus on countries that have an appropriate education.\u201d<\/p>\n
Many economists agreed that since no single country can solve it alone. All countries, governments, universities, and businesses must work together to come up with solutions that meet the global demand for skilled workers. Given the complexity of this shortage crisis and the slow to change education systems, it may take many years to produce enough skilled workers to meet the global demand.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p cao trong c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, c\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6119","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6119","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6119"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6119\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6120,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6119\/revisions\/6120"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6119"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6119"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6119"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}