Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia h\u00e0n l\u00e2m, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u0129 h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh PH\u1ea2I h\u1ecdc thay v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh C\u1ea6N h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng n\u00e0y. Bao nhi\u00eau th\u1ea7y c\u00f4 gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ecfi: \u201cT\u1ea1i sao em c\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y?\u201d Bao nhi\u00eau th\u1ea7y c\u00f4 gi\u00e1o cho h\u1ecd c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp? V\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd n\u00f3i: \u201cC\u00e1c em ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc n\u00f3 v\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 trong b\u00e0i thi?\u201d<\/p>\n
Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean quan ni\u1ec7m c\u0169 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c k\u00ec thi. \u0110\u1ed7 k\u00ec thi l\u00e0 g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng cho nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh v\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tha th\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Do \u0111\u00f3, nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u1ed7 k\u00ec thi nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tri th\u1ee9c th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u1ec1 sau trong ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft v\u00ec h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng ghi nh\u1edb nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n
Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u201cd\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u1eddi gian\u201d n\u01a1i h\u1ecdc sinh chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb m\u1ee9c n\u00e0y sang m\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi tri th\u1ee9c \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c h\u1ecdc \u00edt h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u cho t\u1edbi khi h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng k\u00ec thi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed7 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1ee3t. \u0110\u1ed7 k\u00ec thi, nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc sinh trung h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00fang v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c sang m\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfp. V\u00ec tri th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch lu\u1ef9 t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng t\u1ed1t, kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sang m\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfp. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u1edf trong l\u1edbp m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c v\u00ec c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c \u00e9p t\u1eeb gia \u0111\u00ecnh r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i l\u00ean l\u1edbp.<\/p>\n
Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb tr\u1ecdng l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c thi To\u00e1n v\u00e0 Khoa h\u1ecdc qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eeb ch\u00e2u \u00c1 n\u01a1i gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7. H\u1ecdc sinh ch\u00e2u \u00c1 bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111i\u1ec3m cao nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng danh gi\u00e1. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u00e0i thi cao kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n
V\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, khi d\u1ea1y \u1edf H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng. Anh \u1ea5y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng anh \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea7y luy\u1ec7n thi d\u1ea1y cho nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1edd m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho k\u00ec thi h\u1ecdc sinh gi\u1ecfi to\u00e1n. Cho d\u00f9ng anh \u1ea5y \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, anh \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i. Anh \u1ea5y n\u00f3i: \u201c\u1ede n\u01b0\u1edbc em, \u0111i h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u00e0o \u201ctr\u01b0\u1eddng luy\u1ec7n thi\u201d n\u01a1i m\u00e0 sau tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh qui, nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh s\u1ebd v\u00e0o c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y th\u00eam \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc th\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed7 hay \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra ph\u00e2n chia ch\u00ednh trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang em v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ea7u m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng luy\u1ec7n thi, cho n\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecdc th\u00eam ban \u0111\u00eam, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc sinh b\u1ecb tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp. T\u1ea3i vi\u1ec7c n\u1eb7ng \u1edf l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i s\u1edbm th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac h\u1ecd k\u1ebft th\u00fac gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn h\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ecdc b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec th\u00eam n\u1eefa. H\u1ecdc sinh H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i: \u201cEm kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0o d\u00e0nh cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n em t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. C\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi em t\u1eeb 5 tu\u1ed5i t\u1edbi 21 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 h\u1ecdc, h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc. Sau k\u00ec thi h\u1ecdc sinh gi\u1ecfi to\u00e1n, cho d\u00f9 em \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng, nh\u01b0ng em c\u0169ng b\u1ecb ki\u1ec7t qu\u1ec7 r\u1ed3i.\u201d<\/p>\n
C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ecdc gi\u1ecfi trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ed1t, ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y ra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 khi h\u1ecd v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c kh\u00e1c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u1edf M\u0129 hay ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ee5t l\u1ea1i xa \u0111\u1eb1ng sau nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh ch\u00e2u \u00c1 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i: \u201cEm l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc em nh\u01b0ng khi t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, em b\u1ecb b\u00e9t l\u1edbp v\u00e0 em kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft t\u1ea1i sao?\u201d H\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00e1c ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n: \u201cXin th\u1ea7y \u0111\u1eebng n\u00f3i v\u1edbi em v\u1ec1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi, ngay khi em c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ea1m bi\u1ec7t h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, t\u1ea1m bi\u1ec7t vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc v\u00ec em ph\u00e1t \u1ed1m b\u1edfi h\u1ecdc.\u201d<\/p>\n
C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0: \u201cL\u00e0m sao ch\u00fang ta gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc sinh c\u00f3 k\u1ebd h\u1ed5ng l\u1edbn trong tri th\u1ee9c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng, v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai? L\u00e0m sao ch\u00fang ta khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi khi nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh s\u1ee3 h\u1ecdc th\u1ebf do s\u1ee9c \u00e9p tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n khi h\u1ecd c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf?\u201d<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—Enlish version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
The traditional Education<\/p>\n
The traditional education is based on a curriculum designed by a group of academic experts who think they know what students SHOULD learn instead of what the students NEED to learn to build a career in this fast-changing world. How many teachers were asked by students: \u201cWhy do I need to learn this?\u201d How many teachers give them a direct answer? And how many would say: \u201cYou have to learn it because it will be on the exam?<\/p>\n
The traditional education is based on the old concept of assessment by exams. Passing an exam is a heavy burden to many students as failure is a shame and inexcusable. Therefore, many students only study to pass the exam but not to develop the appropriated knowledge to apply later in their career. Many know the theories because they learn by memorization but cannot apply their knowledge to solve problems.<\/p>\n
The traditional education is a\u00a0 \u201ctime-based\u201d system where students move from one level to another with various and mixed knowledge, some learn more, other much less until they are assessed by the graduation exam where some pass and others fail. Before the exam, high school students who do not have the proper knowledge are still allowing to continue to the next levels. Since knowledge is accumulated from previous learning, without a good foundation, it is difficult to learn in the next level. That is why many students are having difficulty in a class where learning is based on prior learning. But they must continue as there is pressure from the family that they move up.<\/p>\n
The traditional education looks great in theories and it is the pride of some societies. If you look into the International Mathematics and Science competitions, you will see that most winners were from Asia where the traditional education is well in place. Asian students always have the highest scores and many have won this prestigious award. But high test scores do not mean education is perfect across these countries.<\/p>\n
A few years ago, when teaching in S. Korea, I met one of the winners of this award. He explained that he was tutored several hours every day to prepare for the math competitions. Even he won and got accepted into the best university, he was not comfortable. He said: \u201cIn my country, studying means go to \u201cCram schools\u201d where after regular school, many students would go to special tutorial school, to study more to pass exams or win awards. It creates a major division in our society because only rich people can afford cram schools, so their scores are better and they can go to the top universities. However, excessive homework, nightly reading requirements, and rigorous studying often overwhelm students. The heavy workloads at an early age often have negative consequences and by the time they finish their education, most students do not like to learn anything anymore. The Korean student told me: \u201cI do not have any time to enjoy myself. All my life from 5 to 21 years old is about the study, study, and study. After the math competition, even I got the award, but also burned out.\u201d<\/p>\n
There are many students who did well in their traditional education system with good grades, only to find out when they entering a completely different educational system in the U.S. or Europe, many fell far behind others. Many Asian students told me: \u201cI was the top student in my country but when coming here, I am at the bottom and I do not know why?\u201d Another student complained: \u201cDo not tell me about lifelong learning, as soon as I get the degree, it is goodbye study, goodbye learning as I am sick of studying.\u201d<\/p>\n
My questions are: \u201cHow do we solve the issues in the time-based education system that leaves some students with large gaps in knowledge, skills and abilities, and a lack of preparedness for the future career? How do we encourage lifelong learning when many students are so afraid of studying due to the overwhelming pressure from multiple sources when they are young?<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia h\u00e0n l\u00e2m, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u0129 h\u1ecd … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6036","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6036","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6036"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6036\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6037,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6036\/revisions\/6037"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6036"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6036"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6036"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}