C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc sinh t\u1edbi l\u1edbp nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc \u00edt nh\u1ea5t. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 hay h\u00e0nh vi x\u1ea5u n\u00e0o v\u00ec m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0 qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00f4n ti\u1ebfp. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ch\u00fa \u00fd t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng coi t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 quan tr\u1ecdng cho ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p hay cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n
M\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc sinh c\u00f3 l\u1ea7n n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i: \u201cEm c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang em ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea? Em kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 li\u00ean quan g\u00ec t\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a em.\u201d H\u1ecdc sinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc khi h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 li\u00ean quan c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y. L\u00e0 th\u1ea7y c\u00f4 gi\u00e1o, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch T\u1ea0I SAO v\u00e0 L\u00c0M SAO m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc s\u1ebd gi\u00fap cho h\u1ecd trong ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p hay cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng \u0111e do\u1ea1n ki\u1ec3u nh\u01b0: \u201cEm ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u00f4n thi.\u201d<\/p>\n
L\u00e0 th\u1ea7y c\u00f4 gi\u00e1o, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho h\u1ecdc sinh t\u1ea1i sao t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kho\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc. L\u00fac b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ecdi b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi d\u1ea1y m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc, t\u00f4i bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea1i sao n\u00f3 l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi h\u1ecd m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft. T\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, khi d\u1ea1y m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, t\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cCh\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m hai th\u1ee9: d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 thu\u1eadt gi\u1ea3i. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch l\u01b0u gi\u1eef v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u00f4ng tin trong m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 cho n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy l\u1ee5c ra v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c em kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, l\u00e0m sao m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00ed d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? T\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c em v\u00e0o th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa v\u1ec1 h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, em ph\u1ea3i \u0111i t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, r\u1ed3i t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c thu\u1eadt gi\u1ea3i n\u01a1i em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y. N\u1ebfu t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao c\u00e1c em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch m\u00e0 em c\u1ea7n? C\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ee7 th\u01b0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ecdi s\u00e1ch v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ec3 cho em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra n\u00f3, l\u00e0 k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, em c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a em t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 cho ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00ed n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.\u201d M\u1ed9t khi h\u1ecdc sinh hi\u1ec3u l\u00ed do cho vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc (T\u1ea0I SAO), th\u1ebf t\u00f4i chuy\u1ec3n sang t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u (C\u00c1I G\u00cc).<\/p>\n
K\u0129 thu\u1eadt kh\u00e1c t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc sinh \u201ckh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m\u201d l\u00e0 m\u1eddi h\u1ecd t\u1edbi v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u00e0 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecfi: “Em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n em s\u1ebd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec hay ngh\u1ec1 g\u00ec l\u00fac em t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng?\u201d Sau khi h\u1ecd cho t\u00f4i c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi, t\u00f4i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c: “Em ngh\u0129 em c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u00f3?” B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho h\u1ecd ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u cho t\u1ed1t. \u0110\u00f4i khi, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c h\u1ecd: “N\u1ebfu em \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 em c\u00f3 hai m\u01b0\u01a1i \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc th\u00ec em s\u1ebd ch\u1ecdn h\u1ecd th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Em s\u1ebd ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean hay b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m nghi\u1ec7m k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd?\u00a0 N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd \u0111i t\u1edbi c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi h\u1ee3p th\u1ee9c, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd h\u1ecfi “Em s\u1ebd ki\u1ec3m nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?”<\/p>\n
L\u00e0 th\u1ea7y c\u00f4 gi\u00e1o, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc sinh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 cho h\u1ecd r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta ch\u0103m nom. Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 trong vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc. H\u1ecdc sinh k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng th\u1ea7y c\u00f4 gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 h\u01a1n v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng th\u1ea7y c\u00f4 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y ng\u00e0y nay kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ee5 tri th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn, k\u00e8m c\u1eb7p v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho h\u1ecdc sinh v\u1ec1 C\u00c1CH H\u1eccC v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ecdc c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Teaching and Learning<\/p>\n
There are students who come to class but only put in the least amount of effort. They do not create any problems or misbehave because all they want is to pass the course and move on to the next. They never pay attention to what is being taught because they do not view the course materials as something important to their career or their lives.<\/p>\n
A student once told me: \u201cI can understand arithmetic is necessary but why do we have to learn statistic? I do not see it is relevant to my life.\u201d Students may not interested in learning a subject when they do not see the relevance of the materials being taught. As teachers, we must spend the time to explain WHY and HOW the subject will help them in their career or their lives, and not use the threat such as: \u201cYou must learn this because it is on the test.\u201d<\/p>\n
As teachers, we need to explain to the students why the material is important because it is the key to motivate them to learn. At the beginning of every lesson, before teaching the subject, I always start with why it is so important for them to know. I often use simple examples that are relevant to their career. For example, when teaching the data structure course, I explained: \u201cComputer programs are comprised of two things: data and algorithms. The data structure is the way of storing and organizing information in a computer so that it can be retrieved and used productively. If you do not organize your data, how could your computer find and process the data? Imagine that you go to the library to find a textbook about machine learning. First, you have to go to the computer section, then to the algorithm section where you can find these machine learning books. If all books are organized randomly then how can you find the book that you want? Just like the librarian organizes all books into a particular section so you can find it, as a software engineer, you must also organize your data according to a structure so your program can process it efficiently.\u201d Once students understand the reason for learning the subject (WHY), then I move to the material (WHAT).<\/p>\n
Another technique that I often used to \u201cun-interested\u201d students is asking them to my office and discuss with them about their career. I start by asking: “What job or career can you think yourself doing by the time you graduate?\u201d After they give me an answer, I continue: “What do you think you need to know to get that job?” By making them think about how the course subject is important to their future, some realize that they need to learn the materials well. Sometimes, I may challenge them: “If you are in a position to hire college graduates, and you have twenty candidates. They all have a degree then how would you select them? Would you select by random or by validation of their skills?\u00a0 If they come up with the validation answer, I would ask “How would you validate their skills?”<\/p>\n
As teachers, we need to build a better relationship with students by showing them that we care. We need to understand their interests and motivation in learning the subject. Students who respect their teachers will likely to study harder as they do not want to disappoint their teachers. Today\u2019s teaching is not just transferring knowledge but also guiding, mentoring and supporting students on HOW TO LEARN and develop the attitude of lifelong learning.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc sinh t\u1edbi l\u1edbp nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc \u00edt nh\u1ea5t. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 hay h\u00e0nh vi x\u1ea5u … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5947","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-giao-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5947","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5947"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5947\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5948,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5947\/revisions\/5948"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5947"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5947"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5947"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}