M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cEm t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p Ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc hai n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. Trong n\u0103m qua, em \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u00f4n m\u00e1y t\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn trong vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 Java v\u00e0 C++. Em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n websites d\u00f9ng HTML 5 v\u00e0 Javascript. Li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p trong Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng? Xin th\u1ea7y l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean.\u201d<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p: Ng\u00e0y nay, do thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cho d\u00f9 KH\u00d4NG C\u00d3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p. T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti nh\u01b0 Google, Facebook, Microsoft v\u00e0 Amazon kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. C\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Google v\u00e0 Facebook \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cho vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n cho d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i r\u1ea5t cao \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i, khi t\u00f4i d\u1ea1y \u1edf H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, t\u00f4i c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng thu\u00ea c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ti n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n
T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng vi\u1ebft m\u00e3, theo \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n n\u01a1i b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u vi\u1ebft ra gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00ean b\u1ea3ng. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0o m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n th\u00edch nh\u01b0ng Java l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n
L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn cho cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfn v\u1ea5n. Ch\u00eca kho\u00e1 KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 m\u00e0 l\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n gi\u1ecfi th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. K\u0129 n\u0103ng vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 gi\u1ecfi l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft (nh\u01b0, T\u01b0 duy ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1) v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh (nh\u01b0, Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 Vi\u1ebft m\u00e3) n\u01a1i b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 theo c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 y\u00ean l\u1eb7ng vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 v\u00e0 hi v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n v\u00e0 t\u01b0 duy logic c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u c\u01a1 s\u1edf Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng \u1edf Carnegie Mellon, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng m\u00f4n \u201cNh\u1eadp m\u00f4n v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc sinh vi\u00ean hi\u1ec3u m\u1ecdi kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft m\u00e3. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u0103n b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean quay l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u00f4n s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n
B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n trong cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n k\u0129 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n n\u1eefa. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea1n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ed1t th\u1ebf n\u00e0o cho c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n gi\u1ea3i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc theo c\u00e1ch logic. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u00f3 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh t\u1edbi. \u00a0Hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m chung trong c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00fang m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m n\u00f3 sai, b\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1ee3t cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n. Theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao cho v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o (nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n h\u1ecfi h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 n\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng.) B\u1ea1n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch n\u00f3 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o (nh\u01b0, c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n chia v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ra v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3i n\u00f3 t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.) C\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p (nh\u01b0, k\u0129 n\u0103ng logic v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n) v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n gi\u1ea3i n\u00f3 (nh\u01b0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n).<\/p>\n
B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n cho h\u1ecd, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n k\u0129 n\u0103ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u0169ng \u0111ang t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm. Trao \u0111\u1ed5i, gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, t\u01b0 duy ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m then ch\u1ed1t m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 theo c\u00e1ch logic, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh th\u1ea3n, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t trong cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n
TRI TH\u1ee8C, K\u0128 N\u0102NG v\u00e0 N\u0102NG L\u1ef0C c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p, \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec ngo\u00e0i m\u1ea3nh gi\u1ea5y. KH\u00d4NG th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u1ec7u b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p trong Ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc, Sinh h\u1ecdc, To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc hay kinh doanh hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed KH\u00d4NG c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p. Ch\u00ednh tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m cho b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ra ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Getting a job without the degree<\/p>\n
A student wrote to me: \u201cI graduated in Chemistry two years ago but could not find a job. In the past year, I have taken several computer courses online in coding Java and C++. I can develop websites using HTML 5 and Javascript. Is it possible to get a software development job without a degree in Computer Science? Please advise.\u201d<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Answer: Today, due to the critical shortage of technically skilled people, it is possible to get a job in the technology industry even WITHOUT a degree. I know many people who work at companies such as Google, Facebook, Microsoft and Amazon that do not have a Computer Science degree. Google and Facebook executives already stated that a degree is not a requirement for jobs in their company as long as people have the skills that they need. If you can demonstrate your knowledge and skills even without the degree, you have a very high chance to get a job there. Last year, when I was teaching in S. Korea and Japan, I also learned that many companies there also hired workers without a degree if they have the skills that these companies need.<\/p>\n
Of course, to get a software job, you need to have coding skills, in which you already have but you still need to pass the interview where you have to demonstrate your skills to the hiring managers. You will be asked to solve problems and\u00a0 required to write down your solution on a board. You can choose any language that you like but Java is the preferred one in most interviews.<\/p>\n
My advice is you need to prepare carefully for the interview. The key is NOT about knowing how to code but to demonstrate your abilities and how strong your coding skills are. Strong coding skills are the combination of theory (i.e., Critical thinking and Problem solving) and practice (i.e., Design and Coding) where you will have to explain each step that you are doing and why you choose to solve the problem that way. You cannot just quietly code and hope that you do well but you need to explain the algorithm and your logic thinking too.<\/p>\n
That is why you need to understand Computer Science basics such as algorithms, data structure. I know many students start Computer Science by taking programming languages but at Carnegie Mellon, we always start with the \u201cIntroduction to Computer Systems\u201d course\u00a0 to make sure students understand all basic concepts which are the foundation of all programming languages before learning how to code. If you do not know these basics well, you should go back and review your Computer Science textbook on these topics.<\/p>\n
By explain your solution during the interview, you also demonstrate your problem-solving skills too. Most managers would be impressed with how well you explain your solutions to their problems. Problem-solving is a process where you solve the problem step-by-step in a logical manner. It does not mean your solution has to be correct, but it is the explanation on how you solve it that count. \u00a0A common misunderstanding among students is only the correct solution matters, and if you do it wrong, you fail the interview. From the hiring manager\u2019s view, you are being evaluated when you are given the problem to solve such as how you understand the problems (i.e. do you asked them to clarify the problem if you do not know it well or not.) How do you analyze it (i.e., how do you break down the problems and start to solve it piece by piece, which is the design thinking skills.) How do you choose the solution (i.e., your logic and problem-solving skills) and how do you solve it (i.e., your coding skills).<\/p>\n
By explain your process of solving the problems to them, you also demonstrate your communication skill that most managers are also looking for. Communication, Problem-solving, Critical-thinking are the key soft skills that every worker must have. If you can explain everything is a logical, clear, and calm manner, you will do well in the interview.<\/p>\n
Your KNOWLEDGE, SKILLS, and ABILITIES are more important than the degree, which is nothing but a piece of paper. It does NOT matter whether you have a degree in Chemistry, Biology, Math or business or NOT even have a degree, It is your knowledge and skills that get you the job and determine your future career.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cEm t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p Ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc hai n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. Trong n\u0103m qua, em … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18,30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5892","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien","category-hoi-va-dap"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5892","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5892"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5892\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5893,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5892\/revisions\/5893"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5892"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5892"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5892"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}