\u0110\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 21, m\u1ecdi h\u1ecdc sinh ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin. H\u1ecdc sinh tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. H\u1ecdc sinh tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. Trong “th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn l\u00e1i b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7” n\u00e0y k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho h\u1ecd v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. Trong “th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1” n\u00e0y, n\u01a1i m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i, v\u00e0 kinh doanh \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Internet, m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec c\u1ea1nh tranh.<\/p>\n
Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecdc sinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh khi h\u1ecd v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. Theo \u00fd ki\u1ebfn t\u00f4i, trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn l\u00e1i b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ee3i cho t\u1edbi l\u00fac v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc m\u1edbi h\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u1ec5. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc sinh ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (\u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng, laptops, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i video, v.v.), v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u00f3 d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. Do \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecd d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc, c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc to\u00e1n, v\u1eadt l\u00ed v\u00e0 ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc v\u00ec ch\u00fang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c trung h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n
T\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi h\u1ecdc sinh tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 Java, Python hay C++. Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin. H\u1ecdc k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 logic, c\u00fa ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ng\u1eef ngh\u0129a. C\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u00f4n to\u00e1n. (\u0110\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh, to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c, v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, v.v.). Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh thao t\u00e1c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, cho n\u00ean h\u1ecdc sinh c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh cho m\u00e1y t\u00ednh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 l\u01b0u gi\u1eef t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch truy nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 thao t\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n. H\u1ecdc sinh trung h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1. Thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111ang n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nh\u01b0 H\u1ecdc m\u00e1y v\u00e0 Th\u00f4ng minh nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o.\u00a0Cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ecdi h\u1ecdc sinh, trong b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0o. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, hay k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0ng tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n cho h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ea1y to\u00e1n cho h\u1ecdc sinh b\u1ea5t k\u1ebb li\u1ec7u h\u1ecd c\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc hay kh\u00f4ng, v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng. C\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang cho khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n
V\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, khi d\u1ea1y \u1edf Nam \u00c1, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o d\u1ea1y khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1y t\u00ednh hay th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. Ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecdc sinh trung h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cT\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. M\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb ch\u00e2u Phi t\u1edbi Nam M\u0129 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0o, v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 l\u00ean. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng cung c\u1ea5p gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111ang l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i cho th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf. Ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3, n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n.\u201d M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i: \u201cNh\u01b0ng thanh ni\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 n\u00e0o. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 laptops, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y. T\u1ea1o ra ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.\u201d \u00a0T\u00f4i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: \u201cKh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00fang, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7\u201d v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho ai \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea7u, v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd d\u00f9ng, c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea1n. V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang ti\u00eau ti\u1ec1n, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ra ti\u1ec1n.\u201d<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Teaching Information Technology Part 2<\/p>\n
In order to prepare for the jobs of the 21st century, all students must have some knowledge and skills in Information Technology. Elementary school students must know how to use a computer. High school students must know how to use a computer as a tool to work. In this \u201cTechnology-driven world\u201d computer skills are essential to prepare them for most of the jobs. In this \u201cGlobalized world,\u201d where everything is connected, and business is happening at the speed of the Internet, every country needs to have a technology workforce to stay competitive.<\/p>\n
Many people believe that students could learn about computer science when they go to college. In my opinion, in this fast-changing technology-driven world, it is too late to wait until college time to learn these skills. Most of today\u2019s students are already be exposed to information technology (Mobile phones, laptops, social media, video games, etc.), and many will work in jobs that involve the use of a computer. Therefore must learn to use a computer to solve problems during high school, just like they learn mathematics, physics, and chemistry as they are part of the current high school education.<\/p>\n
I believe that every high school student must know at least one programming language such as Java, Python or C++. A programming language is the foundation of Information Technology. Learning this skill will help them to know more about logic, syntax, and semantics. Programming languages should be taught in corresponding with mathematics courses. (Linear Algebra, Discrete math, and Calculus, etc.). A computer program manipulates objects, so students must also learn data structures and how they can organize instructions for the computer to perform specific tasks. They should learn the concept of databases and cloud-computing storages. They should know how to access and manipulate data efficiently and safely. High school students should have a basic knowledge of algorithms and how they work in automation. The algorithm is the basis of innovation and emerging field such as Machine learning and Artificial Intelligence.\u00a0Providing computer science training in high school is useful for all students, in any career. It does not mean they all will become programmers, or software engineers but this knowledge and skills are needed for them to function well in the technology world. Schools teach math to students regardless of whether they want to become mathematicians or not, because it is foundational. The same is true of computer science.<\/p>\n
A few years ago, when I taught in South Asia, people told me that it is impossible to teach computer science in high school because most schools do not have a computer lab or computer teachers. To advocate that high school student learning a programming language is not practical. I explained: \u201cI have taught in many countries and seeing what is happening there. Every country from Africa to South America are improving their education to include computer training, and students there are making progress. \u00a0If you do not provide appropriate technology education, you are hurting your next generation both educationally and economically. Unless you take steps to change that situation, your country will miss an opportunity to improve your economy.\u201d An educator told me: \u201cBut young people can learn by themselves without any help. They all have laptops, and mobile phones and do not need to be taught. Creating a computer education program takes time and cost, and we cannot afford it.\u201d \u00a0I answered: \u201cWithout proper training, your people will be \u201cThe Consumers of technology\u201d and make somebody rich, because what they use, both hardware and software, are developed and manufacture somewhere, not in your country. Basically, you are spending money, not making money.\u201d<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0110\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 21, m\u1ecdi h\u1ecdc sinh ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29,28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5640","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-giao-vien","category-loi-khuyen-cho-phu-huynh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5640","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5640"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5640\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5641,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5640\/revisions\/5641"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5640"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5640"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5640"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}