M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh h\u1ecfi: “Th\u1ea7y ngh\u0129 “c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0” l\u00e0 l\u1ee3i hay kh\u00f4ng l\u1ee3i cho n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n? Li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u hay \u00edt vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 em? Lo\u1ea1i k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0o em c\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho n\u00f3? Xin th\u1ea7y l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean.”<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p: “C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0” c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m h\u01a1n cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c Khoa h\u1ecdc, C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc (STEM). Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111i nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m lao \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p cao \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n
Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m lao \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb thay th\u1ebf b\u1edfi robots. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng.\u00a0 Theo m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi s\u1ebd lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf s\u00e1u tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho t\u1edbi n\u0103m 2020 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 kinh t\u1ebf l\u1edbn trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 Trung Qu\u1ed1c, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Brazil, v\u00e0 Nam Phi. T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra cho nhi\u1ec1u gia \u0111\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m lao \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc (STEM). Nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c STEM “\u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ed1t” \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng.\u00a0 \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n cho m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m khi nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u trong cu\u1ed9c C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0: Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, t\u01b0 duy ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n, c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c, v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o. Kh\u00f4ng k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0o trong nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ea9n v\u1eabn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn d\u1ea1y truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng th\u1ebf k\u1ec9.<\/p>\n
Theo \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u00fac tranh c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i hay kh\u00f4ng, m\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c STEM \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n trong khu v\u1ef1c m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
The needed skills<\/p>\n
A Computer Science student asked: “Do you think the “Fourth industrial revolution, ” is a benefit or a drawback to a developing country? Will there be more or fewer jobs created for people like me? What kind of skills that I need to prepare for it? Please advise.”<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Answer: The “Fourth industrial revolution” could provide more jobs for some people, especially college students in the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math fields (STEM). However, it also eliminates many labor jobs and creates a high unemployment in many developing countries.<\/p>\n
Most of the labor jobs that can be automated will be replaced by robots. This includes many manufacturing and office jobs.\u00a0 According to a global report, new technologies will eliminate six million jobs by 2020 and create a significant economic\u00a0 disruption in several countries, including China, India, Brazil, and South Africa. The impact of the job losses will happen to many families who are solely depending on labor jobs to survive. Some economists advocate that these impact could be offset partially by new jobs created in the science, technology, engineering and mathematics areas (STEM). But many developing countries do not have a “good enough” STEM education to develop the skilled workers to lessen the impact.\u00a0 This should be cause for concern when looking at the essential skills required in the Fourth Industrial Revolution: Complex problem solving, critical thinking, collaboration, and creativity. None of these skills are being taught in the current education system, but the standard is still based on traditional teaching approach that has existed for centuries.<\/p>\n
In my opinion, this is not the time to debate whether to change or not, but it is urgent to improve the education system by\u00a0 focusing more on STEM areas to develop the needed skills in the areas where jobs will be created.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh h\u1ecfi: “Th\u1ea7y ngh\u0129 “c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0” l\u00e0 l\u1ee3i hay kh\u00f4ng l\u1ee3i cho n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5556","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-va-dap"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5556","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5556"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5556\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5557,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5556\/revisions\/5557"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5556"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5556"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5556"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}