Nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea7m. Hi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea7m th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 h\u1ecd tin r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecdc gi\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t m\u00f4n l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9. Nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ecfi to\u00e1n, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e0i n\u0103ng trong khoa h\u1ecdc v.v. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd c\u00f3 ho\u00e0i nghi n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y. \u0110\u00f4i khi h\u1ecdc sinh n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t m\u00f4n, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e0i, cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec s\u1edbm hay mu\u1ed9n h\u1ecd s\u1ebd th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n
Alan Chang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng anh ta b\u1ecb b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdc Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh cho d\u00f9 anh ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3. T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi anh ta: “L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u1edbn l\u00ean \u1edf M\u0129, em c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng Anh kh\u00f4ng?” Anh ta n\u00f3i: “Khi em t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00fac l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb 10 tu\u1ed5i, em c\u00f3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, nh\u01b0ng sau v\u00e0i n\u0103m, em n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng Anh th\u1ea1o nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ai.” T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi: “Em l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?” Anh ta \u0111\u00e1p: “Em ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m v\u00ec m\u1ecdi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 em \u0111\u1ec1u n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng Anh.” T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi: “Kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t g\u00ec gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng Anh v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc vi\u1ebft m\u00e3?” Anh ta ngh\u0129 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed1c v\u00e0 ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i: “Em kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft?” T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: “Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e2u. H\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng Anh v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 nhau. Ch\u00fang to\u00e0n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 \u1edf t\u00e2m tr\u00ed em. N\u1ebfu em ngh\u0129 em kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, th\u00ec em s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Em c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 “c\u00e1ch ngh\u0129 \u0111\u00fang,” nh\u01b0 “T\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u00f3. T\u00f4i gi\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 n\u00f3 v\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m n\u00f3.” M\u1ed7i tu\u1ea7n, t\u00f4i d\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t gi\u1edd c\u00f9ng Alan v\u00e0 v\u00e0i h\u1ecdc sinh nh\u01b0 anh ta \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap h\u1ecd trong vi\u1ebft m\u00e3. N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i, Alan t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p danh d\u1ef1 trong Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, v\u00e0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho Facebook. Anh ta n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i: “C\u00e1c th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u1edbn trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u00fap cho h\u1ecdc sinh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1ch ngh\u0129 \u0111\u00fang. N\u1ebfu th\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng gi\u00fap em, em s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd em c\u00f3 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 em r\u1ea5t h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng.” T\u00f4i b\u1ea3o anh ta: “Ch\u00ednh em l\u00e0m c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Khi em tin em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3, em s\u1ebd l\u00e0m n\u00f3. \u0110\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u trong t\u00e2m tr\u00ed em.”<\/p>\n
Nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ghi nh\u1edb v\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ecdc ng\u00e0y nay, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd ng\u1ed3i \u1edf qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u1edbi tai nghe nh\u1ea1c tr\u00ean iPhone, u\u1ed1ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc l\u01b0\u1edbt qua s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc m\u00e3i cho t\u1edbi v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc k\u00ec thi. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra “phao” \u0111em v\u00e0o ph\u00f2ng thi thay v\u00ec h\u1ecdc b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec. Khi h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t, ho\u1eb7c h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i do m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc qu\u00e1 kh\u00f3, ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u00f5.<\/p>\n
Khi Mandy tr\u01b0\u1ee3t k\u00ec thi th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, c\u00f4 \u1ea5y ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4 \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9, nh\u01b0ng b\u00e0i thi c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f4 \u1ea5y mong \u0111\u1ee3i. T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi: “Em mong \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec?” C\u00f4 \u1ea5y n\u00f3i: “Em ngh\u0129 th\u1ea7y ch\u1eafc s\u1ebd h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, cho n\u00ean em nh\u1edb h\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y.” T\u00f4i b\u1ea3o c\u00f4 \u1ea5y: “\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 d\u00e0nh cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc n\u01a1i h\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng. Em b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc; em c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c. Tri th\u1ee9c KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a. M\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p em hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 suy lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 cho em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 v\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Khi em \u0111i l\u00e0m, kh\u00f4ng ai h\u1ecfi em v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a. N\u1ebfu em qu\u00ean c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3, em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng “Google” hay “Wikipedia.” Ai b\u1ea3o em ghi nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a?” C\u00f4 \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi, cho n\u00ean t\u00f4i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c: “\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00f3i quen h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a em. Em KH\u00d4NG bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc. Em ngh\u0129 b\u1eb1ng ghi nh\u1edb v\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a hay s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi trong b\u00e0i thi, nh\u01b0ng em kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. Ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o em ch\u01b0a s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i, em s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ed7 b\u00e0i thi ti\u1ebfp.”<\/p>\n
Sau \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i d\u00e0nh gi\u1edd l\u00ean l\u1edbp ti\u1ebfp sau \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 “C\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc” trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng c\u1ee9 m\u1ed7i gi\u1edd tr\u00ean l\u1edbp, h\u1ecdc sinh ph\u1ea3i d\u00e0nh \u00edt nh\u1ea5t hai gi\u1edd h\u1ecdc theo c\u00e1ch ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1ea1c, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0103n, v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o ba \u0111i\u1ec1u: “T\u1ea1i sao, Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 L\u00e0m sao.” H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c, KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea7m trong c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 h\u1ecd t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c ra, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 m\u1ecdi th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n d\u1ea1y cho h\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 “c\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3” v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc h\u1ecdc sinh hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec nh\u01b0 ki\u1ec3u “H\u1eccC NHANH.”<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
How to study<\/p>\n
Many students go to college with misconceptions. The most common misconception among college students is they believe that being good at a subject is a matter of natural talent rather than hard work. Many students told me that they are not good at Math, cannot write code, or have no talent in science, etc. If they have any doubt about their abilities, they will not work hard and eventually fail in these subjects. Sometimes students told me that their parents want them to study in a subject, but they do not have talent, so they do not want to work hard because sooner or later they will fail.<\/p>\n
Alan Chang was one of those students who told me that he was forced by his parents to study Computer Science even he could not write code. I asked him: “As a Chinese who grew up in America, did you have a problem learning the English language? He said: “When I came here as a 10-year-old child, I had difficulty, but after a few years, I speak English as well as anyone.” I asked: “How do you do that?” He answered: “I had to because all my friends speak English.” I asked: “What is the difference between learning English and learning how to code?” He thought for a moment and hesitated: “I do not know?” I explained: “There is no difference. Learning English and learning to write code is the same. They are all just languages. It is on your mind. If you think you cannot do it, then you will not. You need to have a “proper mindset,” such as “I can do it. I am good at it because I have spent a lot of time doing it.” Each week, I spend an hour with Alan and a few students like him helping them in coding. Last year, Alan graduated with honor in Computer Science, and now working for Facebook. He told me: “Teachers can play a significant role in helping students develop the proper mindsets. If you did not help me, I would never think that I could do it. Now I have a good career and make my parents very happy.” I told him: “It is you who make the efforts and overcome the problem. When you believe you can do something, you will do it. It is all in your mind.”<\/p>\n
Many students think that learning is about just reading and memorize a few isolated definitions. If you look at the way some students study today, you will see that many would sit in a coffee shop with their ears connects to the iPhone playing music, drinking coffee, and quickly glance through the textbook. Many do not even study until a few days before the exam. Some would spend more time to create a “cheat sheet” to bring to the exam room instead of studying anything. When they did not do well, either they blame the subject is too hard, or the teacher is not explaining well.<\/p>\n
When Mandy failed my first exam, She complained that she had been studying hard, but my exam is NOT what she was expected. I asked: “What do you expect?” She said: “I think you would ask for a lot of definitions, so I memorize these definitions.” I told her: “That is for the elementary school where students learn about definitions and vocabulary. You are now in college; you need to understand the concept, not just a few isolated definitions. Knowledge is NOT about definitions. All the facts and data must be connected to form information to allow you to understand how to analyze and reasoning so you can apply it to solve the problem. When you go to work, nobody asks you about definition. If you forget something, you can use “Google” or “Wikipedia.” Who told you about memorizing definition?” She did not answer, so I continued: “It is your studying habit. You DO NOT know how to study. You think by memorizing a few definitions or facts and recall them to answer in the exam, but you never develop a profound understanding of how things work. Unless you are willing to change, you will never pass the next exam.”<\/p>\n
After that, I spent the next class to go over “How to study in college” where I emphasize that for every hour in class, students must spend at least two hours studying on their own, without music, without eating, and focus on three things: “Why, How, and How to.” They must understand that learning takes time and efforts, NOT something that they could do quickly and casually. One of the misconceptions among college students is they think they know how to study, but in fact, they do not. I think every teacher needs to teach their students on the topic of “how to study effectively” on the first day of class to make sure students understand that there is no such thing as “QUICK LEARNING.”<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea7m. Hi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea7m th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 h\u1ecd tin r\u1eb1ng … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5477","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5477","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5477"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5477\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5478,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5477\/revisions\/5478"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5477"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5477"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5477"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}