M\u1ecdi th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc nhanh h\u01a1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Trong c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean l\u1edbp, th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o c\u1ea7n cho h\u1ecdc sinh th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00ed th\u00f4ng tin, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, khi b\u1ea1n h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi n\u00f3 \u0111\u00fang, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i: \u201cR\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang.\u201d Nh\u01b0ng b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m d\u1eebng vi\u1ec7c suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00e1c v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111ang ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecdc sinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00f4i x\u1eed l\u00ed c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u00ec c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho v\u00e0 l\u1edbp s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n sang c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n
Trong l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i \u01b0a t\u00edch h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc thay v\u00ec cho c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi. Sau khi h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh cho c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c h\u1ecfi l\u1edbp: \u201cC\u00e1c em ngh\u0129 g\u00ec v\u1ec1 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi n\u00e0y?\u201d hay \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o c\u00f3 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi kh\u00e1c? B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c KH\u00d4NG x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn hay ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi, t\u00f4i bu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00e1c ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00ed c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho t\u1edbi khi nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd hay b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00f4i khi l\u1edbp s\u1ebd im l\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee3i t\u00f4i cho c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1i b\u1eaby, \u0110\u1eeaNG ph\u1ea1m sai l\u1ea7m n\u00e0y. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecdc sinh bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng th\u1ea7y s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd gi\u1eef im l\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee3i th\u1ea7y cho h\u1ecd c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi. Trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd KH\u00d4NG tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi m\u00e0 g\u1ecdi h\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00e1c theo t\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 cho c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi.<\/p>\n
T\u00f4i bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng t\u00ecm nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111ang ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ed1 tr\u00e1nh t\u00f4i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee3i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng n\u00f3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbp. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i g\u1ecdi h\u1ecd theo t\u00ean. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, \u201cBill c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a em l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\u201d hay \u201cJane, em mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng?\u201d Qui t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 \u201cM\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i.\u201d N\u1ebfu t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi h\u1ecd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t quan t\u00e2m trong th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c g\u1ecdi h\u1ecd theo t\u00ean, t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u1ecd tham gia.<\/p>\n
Trong m\u1ecdi l\u1edbp, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc sinh th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi d\u00f9ng gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i to \u0111\u1ec3 chi ph\u1ed1i th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u1ecd, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i s\u1ebd n\u00f3i: \u201cSmith, em \u0111\u00e3 cho c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c n\u00f3i.\u201d Hay \u201cBob, th\u1ea7y bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng em c\u00f3 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 xem li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng.\u201d \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ch\u00fa \u00fd t\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng gi\u1ecdng nh\u1ecf nh\u1eb9, ho\u1eb7c h\u1ecd ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c t\u1ef1 h\u1ecd v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc. \u0110\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u1ecd di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, r\u1ed3i khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch l\u1edbp th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd n\u00f3i: \u201cSteve, em \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u2026.. c\u00f3 \u0111\u00fang th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng?” V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi th\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa r\u1ed3i quay sang l\u1edbp: \u201cC\u1ea3 l\u1edbp ngh\u0129 g\u00ec v\u1ec1 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3?” Hay t\u00f4i s\u1ebd nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o h\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi: \u201cRobert, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a em l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u Steve v\u1eeba n\u00f3i?”<\/p>\n
Trong h\u1ecdc ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng, ch\u00ednh h\u1ecdc sinh ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i l\u1eafng nghe c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n, h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ch\u00fang v\u00e0 t\u00ecm c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi qua th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn gi\u1eefa b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd. Vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi khi c\u1ea3 l\u1edbp kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u00fang hay khi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n.<\/p>\n
Khi h\u1ecdc sinh CH\u1ee6 \u0110\u1ed8NG th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 tham gia, th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i CH\u1ee6 \u0110\u1ed8NG l\u1eafng nghe v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. H\u1ecdc sing \u0111ang H\u1eccC t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o c\u0169ng H\u1eccC v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh n\u1eefa. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c quan s\u00e1t c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp, th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o bi\u1ebft ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch th\u00eam hay li\u1ec7u l\u1edbp c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ee7 r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n sang ch\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng. \u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i bu\u1ed5i th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn, th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o ph\u1ea3i t\u00f3m t\u1eaft l\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi h\u1ecdc sinh hi\u1ec3u ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra kinh nghi\u1ec7m h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Questions and Answers<\/p>\n
Every teacher knows that students learn at different rates, some faster than others. During class activities, the teachers need to give students time to process the information, especially during questions and answers. For example, when you ask a question and a student answer it correctly, You may say: \u201cVery Good, that is correct.\u201d But by doing that, you stop the thinking and processing of other students who are still thinking about the answer. In that case, students may stop processing the question because the answer is given and the class would move on the next question.<\/p>\n
In my class, I prefer to ask more questions to facilitate the learning instead of giving the answer. After asking a question and a student give an answer, I would continue asking the class: \u201cWhat do you think about this answer?\u201d or \u201cDoes anybody have a different answer? By NOT confirm or deny the answer, I force other students to continue their processing until several students either agree or disagree with the first students\u2019 answer. Sometimes the class will keep silent and wait for me to give the answer. But this is a trap, do NOT make this mistake. If the students know that the teachers will respond to their own questions, they will keep quiet and wait for the teachers to give them the answer. In that situation, I would NOT answer but call other students by name to give the answer.<\/p>\n
I always look for students who are\u00a0hesitating. Some may try to avoid me and wait for others to volunteer. It does not mean they do not know the answer but may be not ready to talk in front of the class. In that case, I call them by name. For example, \u201cBill what is your answer?\u201d or \u201cJane, do you want to say something?\u201d My rule is \u201cEverybody has something to say.\u201d If I do not call them and let them express, they may lose the interest in the discussion. By asking them by name, I let them know that I am paying attention and encourage them to participate.<\/p>\n
In every class, some students often volunteer to answer and sometimes use a loud voice to dominate the discussion. Of course, I would not discourage them, but I would say: \u201cSmith, you already gave the answer the last time. Let other speak.\u201d Or \u201cBob, I know that you have the answer but let see if somebody else may want to say something.\u201d It is important to pay attention to students who respond with a softly-voiced, either they are hesitating or still not sure of themselves. To encourage them to express themselves, I would repeat their answers, then encourage the class to discuss. For example, I would say: \u201cSteve, you said that \u2026.. is that right? And let him repeat the answer one more time then turn to the class: \u201cWhat does the class think about that answer? Or I would look at another student and ask: \u201cRobert, what is your view of what Steve just said?”<\/p>\n
In Active learning, it is the students who must do the work. They must listen carefully and if needed, ask to clarify the questions. It is important to let them time to analyze them and find the answers through discussion among themselves. The job of the teacher is to facilitate the learning and only give the answer when the class could not find the right answers or when there are a lot of confusions.<\/p>\n
As the students are ACTIVELY discussing and engaging, \u00a0the teachers must ACTIVELY listen and follow their discussion. The students are LEARNING the materials, but the teachers are also LEARNING about their teaching too. By carefully observing the class activities, the teachers know which part of the course materials is not clear and need to explain more or whether the class understands well enough to move on to the next topic. At the end of the discussion, the teachers should summarize all the important points to make sure that all students understand them to create a good learning experience.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
M\u1ecdi th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc nhanh h\u01a1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Trong c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5470","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-giao-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5470","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5470"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5470\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5471,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5470\/revisions\/5471"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5470"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5470"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5470"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}