Ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7<\/p>\n
Trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y ra \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1, nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 n\u00e2ng cao chu\u1ea9n s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u1ea1o ra vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edbi, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, nhi\u1ec1u n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd t\u00ecm ra vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o, v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng cao, t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf n\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean, ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin l\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9. L\u00ed do l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi KH\u00d4NG TH\u1ec2 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee7 nhanh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edbi. Trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m t\u1edbi, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c robot v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cao m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i. Khi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1ebd b\u1ecb m\u00e1y m\u00f3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn lao \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u00fang s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00ecm ra c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, v\u00e0 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p cao v\u00e0 h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n
Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Robotics \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 nhanh th\u1ebf, v\u00e0 c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh. V\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, robot ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 t\u1edbi n\u1eeda tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la, nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0y nay gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n v\u00e0i ngh\u00ecn \u0111\u00f4 la m\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c mua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang. Theo tin t\u1ee9c c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 robots b\u00e2y gi\u1edd c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Do \u0111\u00f3, Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111ang d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o “kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng”, v\u1edbi robots l\u00e0m m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng. Nh\u01b0ng robot x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111i sau robot c\u1ee7a M\u0129 v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. T\u1eeb 2014, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda hi\u1ec7u \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 b\u1edd M\u0129, b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i v\u00e0i tri\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m.<\/p>\n
Ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng tin r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra cho h\u1ecd. V\u00e0i th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00f4i c\u00f3 b\u00e0i n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 th\u00f4ng minh nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb, m\u1ed9t quan ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i: “T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng minh h\u01a1n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 thu\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i qu\u00e1 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 trong phim khoa h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec5n t\u01b0\u1edfng.” T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00f4ng \u1ea5y hay \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111e do\u1ea1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y, cho n\u00ean \u00f4ng \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m. Nh\u01b0ng quan ng\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra khi t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 robotics x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf \u0111\u00f3? Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch x\u1eed tr\u00ed v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng? H\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng? Bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3: n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra cho t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi n\u00f3?”<\/p>\n
Ng\u00e0y nay m\u00e1y th\u00f4ng minh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh IBM \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch c\u1edd vua th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, Gary Kasparov v\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng k\u00ec th\u1ee7 n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1eafng tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1edbi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh “Deep Blue” n\u00e0y. Trong cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n v\u1edbi b\u00e1o ch\u00ed v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng sau \u0111\u00f3, Garry Kasparov n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i cho\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y v\u00e0 gi\u1eadn d\u1eef v\u00ec b\u1ecb m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u1ecb m\u00e1y \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd tin n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i \u00f4ng \u1ea5y v\u1edbi m\u00f4n c\u1edd vua. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y n\u00f3i: “Kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p m\u00e3i cho t\u1edbi khi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c.”<\/p>\n
V\u00e0i th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh Google kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1i “C\u1edd v\u00e2y” t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. “C\u1edd v\u00e2y” l\u00e0 tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i b\u00e0n c\u1edd chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1 trong h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m. “C\u1edd v\u00e2y” l\u00e0 tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 ch\u01a1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i nh\u01b0ng \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 n\u00f3. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c th\u1eafng trong tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p n\u00e0y, ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a th\u00f4ng minh nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c trong v\u00f2ng v\u00e0i n\u0103m n\u1eefa, nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y th\u00f4ng minh.<\/p>\n
Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 xe t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111e doa nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i taxi v\u00e0 xe t\u1ea3i, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng trong v\u00f2ng m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m n\u1eefa, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch l\u00e1i xe th\u00eam n\u1eefa v\u00ec m\u1ecdi xe m\u1edbi s\u1ebd l\u00e0 xe t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i. T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 mi\u1ec1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.\u00a0 C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi l\u00e0 “Khi n\u00e0o n\u00f3 s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i?” v\u00e0 “Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec v\u1ec1 n\u00f3?”<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
The advancement of technology<\/p>\n
Throughout history, technical advances often caused disruptions, but eventually, they improved people’s living standards, creating new jobs, and improve the economy. For example, industrial innovations disrupted agriculture areas, many farmers lost their job but they found jobs in manufacturing, and their living standard was improving, better than working on the farm.<\/p>\n
However, the advance of Information Technologies is different. It disrupts many jobs and changes everything. The reason is technology changes fast, and most people could NOT learn the new skills fast enough to find a new job. In the next few years, more works will be done by robots, and automation technologies, but only a few highly educated people could benefit. As more works will be done by machines, most labor jobs will be eliminated, and people without proper education will not be able to find work, and there will be a high unemployment and chaotic in many countries.<\/p>\n
Today Robotics technology has advanced so fast, and competitive has reduced the price significantly. A few years ago, manufacturing robots could cost over half a million dollars, but today the price has dropped to a few thousand where small factories can afford to buy them. According to a China’s factory news, some robots are now cost less to operate than the wages of workers in China. Therefore, China is now taking the lead in building “zero-labor” manufacturing plants, with robots doing all of the work to keep its export economy growing. But China’s build robots are still behind American and German robots which could do more for much less. Since 2014, more manufacturers were closed shop in China and returning to American shores, leaving several million Chinese workers without a job.<\/p>\n
Even with these facts, some people still do not believe that it could happen to them. A few months ago when I gave a talk about artificial intelligence in a conference,\u00a0 a government official told me: “I do not think machines can be smarter than people. Technical people often exaggerate things like in science fictions.” Of course, it has not happened in his country or threatened his position, so he did not care. But my concern is what will happen when automation and robotics happen there? Do his people know how to handle this problem? Do they have enough skilled people to take advantage of the technology advancement? How many people also have the same attitude of if it does not happen to me, I do not care about it?”<\/p>\n
Today a smart machine can learn and solve complex mathematical equations that have baffled mathematicians for many years. For example, an IBM computer beat the world chess champion, Gary Kasparov and since then, no chess player can win a match with this “Deep Blue” computer. In an interview with the newspapers a few months later, Garry Kasparov told of his shock and anger at being defeated by a computer. He said that he was traumatized by having a machine beat him. He knew of the advance of technology but never believed it would beat him at his chess game. He said: “Nobody could believe a computer can learn all complex moves until it is true.”
\nA few months ago, another Google computer also beat the best “Go” players from China and Japan. “Go” is a complex strategy board game that has been popular in Asia for thousand years. “Go” is the games played by emperors and scholars with hundred thousand of moves but few who could master it. By winning in this complex game, the advance of artificial intelligence has advanced to the level that within a few years, many things could be solved by intelligence machines.<\/p>\n
Today self-driving technology already threaten taxi and truck drivers, and it is predicted that\u00a0within ten years, people will not have to learn how to drive anymore as all new cars will be self-driving cars. Factory automation already changes the entire manufacturing domain, and these disruptions have created a large number of unemployed factory workers all over the world.\u00a0 The question is “When will it happen in my country?” and “What can we doing about it?”<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y ra \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1, nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 n\u00e2ng … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5445","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-cong-nghe"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5445","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5445"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5445\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5446,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5445\/revisions\/5446"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5445"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5445"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5445"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}