M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: “T\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang em ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u1edbi l\u1edbp? Ch\u00fang em t\u1edbi l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u1edbi l\u1edbp th\u00ec sao ph\u1ea3i t\u1edbi l\u1edbp?”<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p: C\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc c\u0169 l\u00e0 nghe b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p thu b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p thu. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 KH\u00d4NG C\u00d2N hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u1eefa. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecdc sinh d\u00e0nh m\u1ecdi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0o h\u1ecdc SAU KHI l\u00ean l\u1edbp, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd b\u1ecb l\u00fang t\u00fang v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc m\u1ea5y. Trong l\u1edbp, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn h\u1ecdc sinh ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp theo b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ghi ch\u00e9p. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft nhanh h\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o n\u00f3i, h\u1ecd nh\u1eb7t nh\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin. Sau l\u1edbp, m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd c\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00e0i trang \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. Th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng. V\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, h\u1ecd tr\u1edf n\u00ean th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 lo ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra.<\/p>\n
T\u00f4i tin m\u1ecdi h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn ra t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c d\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1eddi gian ra \u0111\u1ecdc t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00ean l\u1edbp, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1edd h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 sau. T\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tu\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y cho h\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111i theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n
Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u1edbi l\u1edbp, h\u1ecdc sinh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa hay t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n cho \u0111\u1ecdc. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc; n\u1eeda gi\u1edd l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau then ch\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng r\u1ed3i ki\u1ec3m nhanh ch\u00f3ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quen thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m. H\u1ecd n\u00ean t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft g\u00ec v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi trong b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng.<\/p>\n
Tr\u00ean l\u1edbp, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i l\u1eafng nghe ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ghi ch\u00e9p \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u. N\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n, h\u1ecd n\u00ean vi\u1ebft ra b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0o v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch. Vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecfi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00ec b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng thay v\u00ec h\u1ecdc th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n
Sau gi\u1edd l\u00ean l\u1edbp, h\u1ecdc sinh ph\u1ea3i \u00f4n l\u1ea1i ghi ch\u00e9p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc m\u1ecdi th\u00f4ng tin h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc tr\u00ean l\u1edbp. V\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fac m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c “h\u1ecdc th\u1eadt” x\u1ea3y ra, h\u1ecdc sinh ph\u1ea3i d\u00e0nh \u00edt nh\u1ea5t hai gi\u1edd h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i so s\u00e1nh \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00ean l\u1edbp v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecfi, v\u00e0 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 cho c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi trong th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 m\u1ecdi t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd v\u1eabn c\u00f2n b\u1ecb l\u00fang t\u00fang, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i vi\u1ebft ra nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecfi th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o trong gi\u1edd l\u00ean l\u1edbp sau.<\/p>\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng khuy\u00ean h\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ee9 h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi m\u1ecdi l\u00fac. L\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00f3i quen d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o trong th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n, websites, Wikipedia v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5p v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t k\u00ec k\u1ebd h\u1edf n\u00e0o v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u1eeb b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng. Ch\u1ec9 khi h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi, th\u00ec h\u1ecd m\u1edbi mang ra l\u1edbp v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o. T\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eafc h\u1ecdc sinh r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng h\u1ecd trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i cho t\u1edbi khi h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi.<\/p>\n
Th\u00f3i quen h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp t\u1ed1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ebfu h\u1ecdc sinh nghi\u00eam ch\u1ec9nh v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00f3i quen n\u00e0y, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n r\u1ed3i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ee3 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u00e2m tr\u00ed l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 r\u1ea5t b\u1ecb ph\u00ed ho\u00e0i.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Study habit<\/p>\n
A student wrote to me: “Why do we have to study materials before coming to class? We come to class to learn from the teacher and if we can learn before coming to class then why coming to class?<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Answer: “The old way of studying is to listen to the teachers’ lecture and absorb whatever you can. That is NO LONGER effective. By doing that, students spend all of their energy to study AFTER class, and if they do not understand something, they will be confused and not learn much. In class, most students have to keep up with the lecture by taking notes. Of course, since they could not write faster than what the teacher says, they scramble and missing a lot of information. After class, all they have is some pages filled with scattered facts and incomplete concepts. They then study this material without knowing the lecture’s objectives. Since they do not understand the materials well, they become frustrated and worrying about passing the tests.<\/p>\n
I believe all students must recognize the importance of being prepared for lecture. By spending some time reading the material before class, they can save many hours of ineffective study later. I often begin the first week of class by teaching my students to follow this method of learning:<\/p>\n
Before coming to class, students must read the material from the textbook or assigned materials. They do not need to spend a lot of time on reading; a half an hour is sufficient. They must read the key objectives, so they know something about the lecture then quickly review the materials so they can be familiar with the concepts. They should ask themselves what they know and do not know so they can ask questions during the lecture.<\/p>\n
During the class, they should be actively listening and only take notes to clarify thing they do not understand. If needed, they should write down any question and ask the teacher to explain. Asking questions is the better way to learn as you are active learning instead of passive listening.<\/p>\n
After class, students must review their note to study all information that they learned in class. Since this is the time where the “real learning” is taking place, students must spend at least two hours studying. They should compare what they know before the class and what they do not know but ask, and the teacher gave the answers during the discussion. They must make sure that they understand all materials well based on this activity. If they are still confused, they should write more questions to ask the teacher in the next class.<\/p>\n
However, I do not recommend students to keep asking questions all the time. As college students, they should develop a habit of utilizing other resources such as textbooks, reference materials in the library, websites, Wikipedia and other sources to fill in any gaps that remain from the lecture. Only when they could not get the answer, then they should bring to class and ask the teacher. I often remind the students that if they do not know something well, it will stay with them for a long time until they get the answer.<\/p>\n
A good study habit can be developed if students are serious about learning. Without a proper preparation to develop this habit, they will struggle then eventually fear of learning and a mind is a terrible thing to waste.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: “T\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang em ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u1edbi l\u1edbp? Ch\u00fang em t\u1edbi l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18,30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5442","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien","category-hoi-va-dap"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5442","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5442"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5442\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5443,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5442\/revisions\/5443"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5442"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5442"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5442"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}