Theo m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti M\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 h\u01a1n, qu\u00e3ng n\u1eeda tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1ed7i n\u0103m. Nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c khi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti \u0111ang d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 Th\u00f4ng minh nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, Robotics, v\u00e0 T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng. Theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u00e0y, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i trong hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m qua c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quay l\u1ea1i M\u0129 tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 2020. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1eb7t g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng l\u1edbn l\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o lao \u0111\u1ed9ng chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf khi h\u1ecd s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p cao v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 sau khi kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t.<\/p>\n
Trong 20 n\u0103m qua, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 M\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p cho c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a chi ph\u00ed lao \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ea5p. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1edbi nh\u01b0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti m\u00e3i t\u1edbi v\u00e0i n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng.\u00a0Khi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Obama b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u1edbi gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c STEM, h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o v\u00ec M\u0129 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o STEM trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o n\u00e0y, M\u0129 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee7 nhanh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi. Cho d\u00f9 h\u1ecd s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng chi 1 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o 100,000 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 2021, nh\u01b0ng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u1eabn ch\u1eadm. Ng\u00e0y nay, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a M\u0129 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00ec robots s\u1ebd l\u00e0m ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u00e1c robots.<\/p>\n
Hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o M\u0129 \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u00e0 s\u1ebd b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean 2 tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y trong th\u1eadp k\u1ec9 t\u1edbi v\u00ec c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cho ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh h\u01a1n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n. Do \u0111\u00f3, M\u0129 s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c “nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u” nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc trong khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho nhu c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y. Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn l\u00e1i b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u n\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti.<\/p>\n
Khi vi\u1ec7c kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i lao \u0111\u1ed9ng chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ea5t \u0111i, m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5p v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m.\u00a0 Ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 lan to\u1ea3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n trong m\u1ecdi ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eabn c\u00f2n v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc tu\u1ef3 theo vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00ednh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhanh th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Education and opportunity<\/p>\n
According to a government report, U.S. companies have been bringing more manufacturing works home, about half a million jobs each year. The pace will accelerate as more companies are using advanced technology such as Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, and Office automation. According to the report, most jobs that have been outsourced in the past twenty years could be back in U.S by 2020. That will put a massive burden on countries that have been dependent on the economic policy of focusing on low-cost labor to grow the economy as they will see a high unemployment and possible economic collapse after the outsourcing ends.<\/p>\n
For the last 20 years, U.S. government allowed companies to outsource manufacturing and assembly to other countries to take advantages of low-labor-cost. However, the government failed to adjust the education policies to promote the training of new skills such as science and technology. Many companies never invested the training needed to reshape the workforce until a few years ago.\u00a0When the Obama\u2019s administration began to address STEM education, they realized that the change must start with the teachers as the U.S. does not have enough STEM teachers in the school system. Without training these teachers, the U.S. cannot progress fast enough to take advantage of all the new technologies. Even they are willing to spend $ 1 billion dollars on training 100,000 teachers by 2021, but the progress is still slow. Today, most U.S. factories do not need human to operate as robots will do most of the work, but they need higher-skilled workers to manage robots.<\/p>\n
Currently, U.S. manufacturers face a skills shortage that will leave over 2 million high-skill jobs unfilled over the next decade as the skills required for advanced industries have been changing faster than the country\u2019s ability to train the needed workers. Therefore, the U.S. will continue to \u201cImport\u201d more skilled workers, especially workers with a college education in science and technology to meet this demand. In this technology-driven world,\u00a0almost every company is becoming a tech company, requiring workers who could create and maintain the company\u2019s technological infrastructure.<\/p>\n
As low-cost labor outsourcing is almost gone, every country must address the issue of having a current technical education and fully invest in training programs that can fill the many jobs.\u00a0 The advance of science and technology will create more jobs, but its ability to spread opportunity to all workers in all parts of the country remains firmly with how fast the education adjustment can be made.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Theo m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti M\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 h\u01a1n, qu\u00e3ng n\u1eeda tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5433","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cac-van-de-khac"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5433","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5433"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5433\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5434,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5433\/revisions\/5434"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5433"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5433"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5433"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}