Hai m\u01b0\u01a1i nh\u0103m n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti nh\u01b0 Google, Facebook, v\u00e0 Amazon th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. N\u0103m n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, Uber v\u00e0 Airbnb, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1ecf. Ng\u00e0y nay h\u1ecd to\u00e0n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00e0 t\u1eebng c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0i t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la. Ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nh\u1ecbp thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111ang t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c nhanh h\u01a1n ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u0129, \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac tr\u1ebb em hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc ng\u00e0y nay v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc; c\u00f3 l\u1ebd ch\u00fang s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch l\u00e1i xe v\u00ec m\u1ecdi xe l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 xe t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i.<\/p>\n
Ng\u00e0y nay ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 n\u01a1i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 robots th\u00f4ng minh t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c trong m\u1ecdi ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, xe h\u01a1i v\u00e0 xe t\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i s\u1ebd ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 ng\u00e0nh v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i xe bus, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i xe t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i taxi s\u1ebd s\u1edbm m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c. V\u1edbi tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd n\u1eefa. Theo m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 65% c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb thay th\u1ebf b\u1edfi robots \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2025.<\/p>\n
Ng\u00e0y nay, b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ai c\u0169ng kh\u00f3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u01a1 s\u1edf nh\u01b0 d\u00f9ng laptop, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1ea3ng, hay \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh \u0111\u1ec3 truy nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o Internet. Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn l\u00e1i b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn th\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng v\u1eadt l\u00ed s\u1ebd s\u1edbm bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t. Ng\u00e0y nay m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi b\u00e1c s\u0129 qua app vi\u1ec5n y t\u1ebf tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n qua app ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n tr\u00ean thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111eo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edbm kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n v\u00e9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i xe bus, t\u1ea7u ho\u1ea3 hay m\u00e1y bay, khi h\u1ecd v\u00e0o s\u00e2n bay hay tr\u1ea1m xe bus, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd s\u1ebd g\u1eedi t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u t\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ti v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ki\u1ec3m cho h\u1ecd v\u00e0o. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n mang ti\u1ec1n hay th\u1ebb t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng (ch\u00fang l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi r\u1ed3i) v\u00ec m\u1ecdi mua b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v.v.<\/p>\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c \u0111e do\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng tin \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra trong \u0111\u1eddi h\u1ecd hay \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecd. Nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd s\u1edbm th\u1ea5y thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9.\u00a0 Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c hay ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n sang vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edbi v\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi. Trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, khi thay \u0111\u1ed5i x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1edbi. Nh\u01b0ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111ang t\u1edbi n\u00e0y s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra nhanh h\u01a1n h\u1ecd ngh\u0129. \u0110\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1i tu to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c l\u00e0 m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m h\u01a1n cho c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao trong c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec1 v\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, n\u0103m n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eadm ch\u00ed nghe n\u00f3i t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn, chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean an ninh xi be, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng, nh\u00e0 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9c, hay chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y v.v. Ng\u00e0y nay nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00e0y \u0111ang c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u cao v\u00ec ch\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra do thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n
Ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00fang, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u0129 n\u0103ng th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
The pace of change<\/p>\n
Twenty-five years ago, companies like Google, Facebook, and Amazon did not even exist. Five years ago, Uber and Airbnb, were just small startups. Today they are all giants in the industry, and each is valued at several billion dollars. Innovations in technology can change many things and affect everybody. The pace of technology change is accelerating faster than most people even think, by the time children who are in elementary school today go to college; they probably will not know how to drive a car because all cars by that time will be self-driving cars.<\/p>\n
Today we see the fourth industrial revolution where automation and smart robots impact everything. It is also changing the nature of work in every industry. For example, self-driving cars and trucks will disrupt transportation and logistics. Bus drivers, truck drivers, and taxi drivers will soon lose their job. With artificial intelligence, office automation will make office workers lose their jobs too. According to a recent study, approximately 65% of office workers will be replaced by robots by the year 2025.<\/p>\n
Today, it is difficult for anybody to do well without basic technology skills such as using laptop, tablets, or smartphone to access the Internet. In this technology-driven world, people can buy almost everything online then soon many physical stores will disappear. Today people can talk to their doctors via a telemedicine app on their smartphone, and the doctor can check patients’ health via diagnostic apps on their wearable devices. Soon people do not need a ticket to travel by bus, train or plane, when they enter the airport or bus station, their phone will send a signal to transportation company and automatically check them in. They do not need to carry money or credit cards (They are obsolete.) because all purchases are charged to their phones etc.<\/p>\n
However, the threats of technological innovations have not been widely understood among people. Many people still do not believe it could happen in their lifetime or their country. Soon many countries will see a change of unprecedented magnitude happen and impact everything.\u00a0 Many people will lose their job or have to move to new jobs and industries. In the past, when changes happened at a slower pace, people could adapt to changes in learning new skills. But this coming change will happen faster than they think. To prepare for this change, an overhaul of the entire education system is crucial. The next technology change will create more jobs for highly-skilled workers in specific occupations and industries. For example, five years ago, not many people even heard of jobs such as Big Data Analyst, Cybersecurity specialists, Network Communication architects, Digital marketing professionals, or Cloud computing specialist, etc. Today these jobs are in high demand because they are newly created positions due to the change in technology.<\/p>\n
Unless the education system can change quickly to produce skilled workers to meet the society’s needs, the fourth industrial revolution could disrupt everything more severe than anything we have seen in the past. Without proper action, it will create a massive unemployment and destabilize the economy, especially in countries where the economy is still depending on low-skilled workers.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Hai m\u01b0\u01a1i nh\u0103m n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti nh\u01b0 Google, Facebook, v\u00e0 Amazon th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. N\u0103m n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, Uber v\u00e0 Airbnb, … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5402","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5402","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5402"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5402\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5403,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5402\/revisions\/5403"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5402"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5402"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5402"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}