V\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, robots \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y \u0111i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o, v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i, robots v\u1edbi Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (AI) \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y \u0111i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c trong v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng, v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin r\u1eb1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 ch\u1ec9 x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf M\u0129 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u n\u01a1i chi ph\u00ed lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 cao, nh\u01b0ng KH\u00d4NG x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1. H\u1ecd sai v\u00ec ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u robots \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n h\u01a1n \u1edf M\u0129 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, v\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng bao l\u00e2u t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 s\u1ebd lan r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. L\u00ed do l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n m\u1ea5t kinh doanh sinh l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef kinh doanh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd b\u1eb1ng robots l\u00e0m n\u1ea3y sinh nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n
Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecfi: “N\u1ebfu m\u00e1y m\u00f3c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c th\u00ec con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00e1i g\u00ec?” C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u00e0: “Khi robots l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c trong c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o l\u1ea1i trong c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edbi nh\u01b0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng robots hay qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ch\u00fang.” Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng x\u1ee9ng trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m gi\u1eefa \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ea7n v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang nh\u1eadn. Nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecb thay th\u1ebf. Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn l\u00e1i b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, t\u00f4i tin m\u1ecdi h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecdc, vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u00ednh s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc. Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c trung h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 KH\u00d4NG \u0111\u1ee7. H\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t hai n\u0103m \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea1nh tranh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n
Theo m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i (2016) h\u01a1n b\u1ed1n tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y \u1edf M\u0129 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng. Trong nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u00f3, tr\u00ean hai tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m y\u00eau c\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. N\u0103m nay, tr\u00ean hai tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edbi s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra, v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Nhi\u1ec1u quan ch\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng thanh ni\u00ean, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, n\u00ean h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thay v\u00ec c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m vi\u1ec7c th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n
Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn n\u00e0y v\u00ec h\u1ecd th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i kinh t\u1ebf \u1edf c\u1ea3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 vi m\u00f4 v\u00e0 v\u0129 m\u00f4. T\u1eeb c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn qui m\u00f4 l\u1edbn, c\u00f3 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 t\u0103ng l\u00ean tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0 \u0111i c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 \u1edf h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Khi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi tu\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 h\u01b0u, c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u kh\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft thay th\u1ebf h\u1ecd, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 robots kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 can thi\u1ec7p con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. Khi nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 gi\u00e0 \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c, c\u00f3 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 tr\u1ebb l\u1edbn \u0111ang n\u1ed5i l\u00ean \u1edf ch\u00e2u Phi v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c1, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00fang, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng vi\u1ebft: “L\u00e0m sao ch\u00fang ta nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 tr\u1ebb \u0111ang t\u0103ng l\u00ean n\u00e0y \u1edf ch\u00e2u Phi v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c1? Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd; b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi th\u1ea3m ho\u1ea1 chi\u1ebfn tranh, n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i, v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lan r\u1ed9ng sang nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 tr\u1ebb \u0111ang t\u0103ng l\u00ean n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u0103m nom \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ecd? M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 c\u1ef1c \u0111oan. Trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi n\u1eefa. Kh\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong khi n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e2n bang ch\u1ecbu kh\u1ed5 trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf, nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lan r\u1ed9ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 v\u00f9ng.”<\/p>\n
Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u1ea3 thi duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u0103m nom cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd. V\u1edbi ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong khoa h\u1ecdc l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, n\u1ebfu v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 n\u1ebfu, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng, t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t \u1ea3m \u0111\u1ea1m.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Issues and solutions<\/p>\n
A few years ago, robots had taken jobs in manufactures, and factory workers lost their jobs. Last year, robots with Artificial Intelligence (AI) have taken the work in offices, and office workers began to lose their job. Many people believe that automation only happens in the U.S. and Europe where labor costs are high, but NOT in Asia. They are wrong because today, there are more robots in China, S. Korea, and Japan than the U.S. and Europe, and soon automation will spread throughout the developing world. The reason is factory owners do not want to lose their profitable business to automation and to keep their business they have to automate their factories with robots resulting in more human workers will lose their job.<\/p>\n
Many people ask: “If machines can do the work than what can people do?” The answer is: “As robots do the work in the factory, people can be re-trained in new jobs such as building robots or managing them.” Today there is a mismatch in the job market between what company need and the kind of education people are getting. Many education systems are obsolete and cannot meet the needs of the fast-changing societies and must be replaced. In this technology-driven world, I believe every students must learn technology as the needed skills, similar to reading, writing, and arithmetic. A high school education is NOT enough. Students need to have at least a two years college training in technology to get a job in this competitive market.<\/p>\n
According to an industry report, last year (2016) more than four million jobs went unfilled in the U.S. and Europe because there were not enough skilled workers. Of those, over two million jobs require a college education. This year, over two million new jobs will be created, and all of them require a college degree, especially in the technology areas. For many years, companies have complained that many college graduates lack of specific technical skills require to get the job done. Many executives said that young people, especially college students, should study technology instead of areas that do not have a need to reduce the unemployment.<\/p>\n
Many economists begin to join in this view as they see multiple economic opportunities on both a micro and macro level. From a large scale view, there is factor such as the growing population around the world and the aging of populations in most developed countries. As more workers are reaching their retirement age, there is an urgent need to replace them, but automation and robots cannot do the job, without some human involvement. As aging factor is accelerated, there is a large emerging young population is growing in Africa and Asia, and if they are properly trained, it can change the balance of the global economy. A well-known economist wrote: “How will we feed these growing young population in Africa and Asia? We need to train them to do productive works and grow their economies; else we will face a disaster of wars, famines, and diseases that can spread to many countries. What will happen if these growing young population cannot take care of themselves and their families? Some will turn into extreme terrorists. In this global economy, we do not have borders anymore. No country can prosper while the next country is suffering in economy, may things can spread quickly and destabilizes the whole region.”<\/p>\n
The only feasible solution to keep the economy stable is to quickly educate people in science and technology so they can take care of themselves. With advance in technology, especially in food science, computer science, communication, and healthcare, there are many job opportunities that need workers, if and only if, we could improve the education system and produce skilled workers to meet the demands and grow the economy. If we cannot act quickly, the future would be very bleak.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
V\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, robots \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y \u0111i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o, v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i, robots … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5385","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5385","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5385"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5385\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5386,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5385\/revisions\/5386"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5385"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5385"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5385"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}