Theo t\u1edd The New York Times, khi c\u00f3 c\u1ea1nh tranh vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m gi\u1eefa robots v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, robots s\u1ebd th\u1eafng. Ng\u00e0y nay c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u1edf M\u0129 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111ang t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng robots \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Khi nhi\u1ec1u robots h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. B\u00e0i b\u00e1o n\u00e0y d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a MIT th\u1ea5y robots \u0111\u00e3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111i t\u1edbi 670,000 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c n\u0103m 1990 v\u00e0 2007. B\u00e0i b\u00e1o n\u00e0y k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n h\u01a1n s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong n\u0103m n\u0103m t\u1edbi v\u00ec s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c robots c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i t\u0103ng l\u00ean g\u1ea5p b\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n
B\u00e0i b\u00e1o n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra tranh c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 li\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 hay l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed thay th\u1ebf con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan ng\u1ea1i trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1ea1o ra l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t \u0111i, l\u00e0m n\u1ea3y sinh b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p cao. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf vi\u1ebft: “Trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o, b\u00e2y gi\u1edd ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 \u201cc\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 si\u00eau gi\u1ea7u\u201d v\u00e0 \u201clao \u0111\u1ed9ng si\u00eau ngh\u00e8o.” Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn l\u00e1i b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y, n\u1ebfu m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t.”\u00a0 C\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7t s\u1ee9c \u00e9p l\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. B\u00e0i b\u00e1o n\u00e0y c\u0169ng ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n Elon Musk, Stephen Hawking v\u00e0 Bill Gates v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u200e\u00fd r\u1eb1ng robots \u0111ang l\u1ea5y \u0111i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tr\u00ean ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c \u201cm\u00e1y th\u00f4ng minh”.<\/p>\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn kh\u00e1c r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m h\u01a1n, kh\u00f4ng \u00edt \u0111i.\u00a0 M\u1ed9t b\u00e0i b\u00e1o trong T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Doanh nghi\u1ec7p Harvard Business Review mang t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 “B\u00ean ngo\u00e0i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1” k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng thay v\u00ec coi m\u00e1y m\u00f3c l\u1ea5y \u0111i nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i nh\u00ecn xa h\u01a1n v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edbi h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edbi. Trong k\u1ec9 nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn, bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u201c\u200e\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn ti\u1ebfp\u201d v\u00ec m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t minh ra nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u01a1n. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi h\u01a1n n\u00ean t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3. Ch\u1eb3ng bao l\u00e2u, th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn h\u01a1n l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1. Theo c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn n\u00e0y, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao h\u01a1n, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n
B\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn n\u00e0o l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang, ch\u00eca kho\u00e1 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn l\u00e1i b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi l\u00e0: Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh th\u1ebf n\u00e0o khi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y, v\u00e0 xe kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i \u0111ang t\u1edbi v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111ang t\u0103ng l\u00ean?<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
The fast pace of change<\/p>\n
According to The New York Times, when competing for jobs between robots and humans, the robots will win. Today manufacturing factories in the U.S. and Europe are increasingly using robots to automate their production lines. As more robots are being used, more workers are losing their jobs. The article is based on a research by MIT that found robots have eliminated up to 670,000 manufacturing jobs between 1990 and 2007. The article concluded that more workers will lose jobs in the next five years because the number of industrial robots are expected to quadruple.<\/p>\n
The article creates debates about whether the advanced automation technology will help or hurt people, or even displace humans. There is a concern among government leaders that the new jobs created by technology are not equal to the number of job lost resulting an inequality in the social structure and high unemployment. An economist wrote: “In the past, we have the rich and the poor, now we have the “Technology super rich” and the “Labor super poor.” In this technology-driven world, if people do not have technology skills, they will never find a good job.”\u00a0 That view puts pressure on the education systems to shift their training quickly to providing more technology trainings. The newspaper also interviewed Elon Musk, Stephen Hawking and Bill Gates and all of them agreed that robots are taking people’s jobs and warned that we should proceed with caution about artificial intelligence, else we may lose control over very “smart machines.”<\/p>\n
However, there is another view that technology will create more jobs, not less.\u00a0 An article in The Harvard Business Review titled “Beyond Automation” concluded that instead of viewing machines taking more jobs, we must look further into newer possibilities of new jobs. In this era of innovation, there will always be the “next big ideas” as people will continue to innovate and invent more technologies. Therefore, competitive advantage will change by newer technology then automation may not be the best solution by that time. Soon, the success of companies may depends more on innovation than the cost efficiency of automation. According to this view, a good technology education is required to provide more highly skilled workers who can innovate and create more technologies and jobs for people.<\/p>\n
Regardless which views are right, the key is still having a good education to develop technology workers to survive this technology driven world. The question is: How fast can current education changes when more technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and driverless cars are coming at an accelerate speed?<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Theo t\u1edd The New York Times, khi c\u00f3 c\u1ea1nh tranh vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m gi\u1eefa robots v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, robots s\u1ebd th\u1eafng. Ng\u00e0y nay c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ebf … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5368","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-cong-nghe"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5368","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5368"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5368\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5369,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5368\/revisions\/5369"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5368"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5368"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5368"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}