{"id":533,"date":"2013-06-20T21:54:03","date_gmt":"2013-06-20T14:54:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=533"},"modified":"2013-06-21T09:10:24","modified_gmt":"2013-06-21T02:10:24","slug":"vai-tro-cua-giao-duc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=533","title":{"rendered":"Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ng\u00e0y nay gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 xa hoa m\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. Theo m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 M\u0129, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p trung h\u1ecdc ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu nh\u1eadp \u00edt h\u01a1n 48% so v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p nhi\u1ec1u g\u1ea5p ba l\u1ea7n. Tuy nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 nhau b\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng coi r\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ecd. H\u1ecd l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd th\u00edch v\u00e0o l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3; hay \u0111i theo ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1edf c\u00f9ng nhau; hay theo gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p th\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean phim \u1ea3nh hay t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed. Trong th\u1eddi kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n n\u00e0y, sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap h\u1ecd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e2u d\u00e0i trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p hay ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eb3ng li\u00ean quan g\u00ec t\u1edbi gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p trong c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u00e9m nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc trong \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. D\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, h\u1ecd xem x\u00e9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p trong h\u01a1n hai tr\u0103m \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc; d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7; l\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c; vi\u1ec7c thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p r\u1ed3i h\u1ecd l\u00e0m d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean n\u00ean xem x\u00e9t t\u1edbi v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh. C\u00e1c l\u0129n v\u1ef1c t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 trong STEM (Khoa h\u1ecdc, C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc) v\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u00e9m nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 trong ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u, th\u1eddi trang, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch t\u1eeb c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 v\u00e0 quan ch\u1ee9c nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi tranh c\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c trong suy tho\u00e1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0: \u201cGi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 n\u00ean h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o cho c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hay ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n?\u201d \u201cC\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 n\u00ean cung c\u1ea5p tri th\u1ee9c r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n hay \u0111a khu v\u1ef1c hay tri th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u trong m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t?\u201d C\u00f3 hai c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. C\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft r\u1ec5 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc hay h\u00e0n l\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u01b0u t\u00fa, ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng, tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7, v\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 v\u1eabn mu\u1ed1n duy tr\u00ec tri\u1ebft l\u00ed r\u1eb1ng vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n “con ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n” (kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Hi L\u1ea1p c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i) hay \u201ck\u1ebb s\u0129\u201d (kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i). C\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean tri\u1ebft l\u00ed x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 n\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp d\u00e0nh cho s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n cho nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, do \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c n\u00ean thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea5t k\u00ec khi n\u00e0o nhu c\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Ng\u00e0y nay nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a M\u0129 \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng tri th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cao h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch. Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u1ea1nh \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c1 n\u01a1i tri\u1ebft l\u00ed n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00e0ng th\u1ebf k\u1ec9.\u00a0Tranh c\u00e3i n\u00e0y v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u00ec c\u1ea3 hai phe \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho n\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i, c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i t\u1edbi t\u1ea1m ng\u1eebng tranh c\u00e3i r\u1eb1ng th\u00f4i th\u00ec tu\u1ef3 sinh vi\u00ean ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 h\u1ecd n\u00ean l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec1 STEM nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n vi ph\u1ea1m v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1m ng\u1eebng \u0111\u00f3 cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 cho sinh vi\u00ean ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi l\u00e0: Bao nhi\u00eau sinh vi\u00ean bi\u1ebft l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp? H\u1ecd c\u00f3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang kh\u00f4ng? H\u1ecd c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng? H\u1ecd c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p l\u1edbn trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng? Ngay c\u1ea3 trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y, n\u01a1i th\u00f4ng tin l\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00fa b\u1ea5m chu\u1ed9t, bao nhi\u00eau sinh vi\u00ean \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho h\u1ecd? C\u00e1i g\u00ec s\u1ebd l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd? C\u00f3 ni\u1ec1m tin chung trong nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean n\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p STEM l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean tin r\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc h\u1ecd v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng xem x\u00e9t t\u1edbi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng mong \u0111\u1ee3i. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed5 cho kinh t\u1ebf k\u00e9m v\u00e0 suy tho\u00e1i nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn c\u00f2n hi v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng khi kinh t\u1ebf t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 khi s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i, n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m.<\/p>\n

M\u00f4t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i: \u201cTh\u1ea7y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u0103n ho\u00e1 \u1edf M\u0129, \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c1 th\u00f4ng qua th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. Sinh vi\u00ean M\u0129 r\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. \u0110\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 s\u1ebd cho h\u1ecd vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, xem nh\u01b0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 trong kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e0 qu\u00e3ng 37% ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e2y gi\u1edd ghi danh tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn trong c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec1 STEM. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea5p, vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan g\u00ec t\u1edbi gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Sinh vi\u00ean ch\u00e2u \u00c1 r\u1ea5t th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng; h\u1ecd ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 h\u1ecd hay gia \u0111\u00ecnh. Ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o h\u1ecd v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ch\u1ed7 \u1edf v\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u0103n, h\u1ecd v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111i ch\u01a1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 nh\u01b0 khi h\u1ecd c\u00f2n trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 hi v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng khi m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 t\u1ed1t l\u00ean, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. Th\u1ea7y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, v\u00e0 H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p tr\u00ean 20 v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n 30 tu\u1ed5i v\u1eabn c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 h\u1ecd. Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u th\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ecbch t\u00ednh h\u01a1n, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m. Do th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00e2m v\u00e0o t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m, d\u00f9ng ma tu\u00fd, r\u01b0\u1ee3u b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p, nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u.\u201d<\/p>\n

M\u1ed1i quan ng\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 khi b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thanh ni\u00ean v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p t\u00edch c\u1ef1c cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3. T\u00f4i tin c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00ean l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n trong gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c sinh vi\u00ean v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 n\u00ean b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1edbm t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc. STEM kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc trong \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc. T\u00f4i tin c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 huynh v\u00e0 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i h\u1ecd trong c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c cho ph\u00e9p th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cao \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p t\u00edch c\u1ef1c cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. H\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft, vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t trong c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

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—-English version—-<\/p>\n

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The role of education<\/p>\n

Today college education is no longer a luxury but an essential for employment and better future. According to a U.S Government study, a high school graduate earns 48% less than a college graduate and is three times likely to be unemployed. However not all college degrees are the same because some fields of study are no longer needed and some may have no prospective for employment. That is why many college graduates have difficulty in finding jobs because they did not have the skills that are needed in this difficult job market.<\/p>\n

Many students go to college without consider that education is an investment of their time and their family money. They select fields of study based on what they like at that time; or follow their friends\u2019 choices so they can be together; or follow a dream of certain fashionable careers that they saw on movies or magazines. In this difficulty time, college students need to be practical to select certain fields of study that can help them to build a long term career in life. Without careful consideration, they may have to deal with unemployment or accept a lower paying job that may have nothing to do with their education.<\/p>\n

Last month there was a research on the unemployment among college graduates where the authors identified some worst fields as well as best fields to study in colleges. Using several sources of data, they examined the number of graduates in over two hundred universities; the unemployment data from government; the salaries that graduates earned; the industry hiring and forecasting then make predictions about certain areas that students should consider and some they may want to avoid. The best fields are in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Math) and the worst fields are in arts, theaters, fashions, sociology, history and literature.<\/p>\n

The research received several criticisms from professors and school officials and led to debates among educators on the role of education in this global recession. The main issues are: \u201cShould college education focus on providing trainings for the industry or develop a total knowledgeable person?\u201d \u201cShould colleges provide broader knowledge of multiple areas or deeper knowledge in a specific area?\u201d There are two major views about the role of education. The tradition view that rooted from ancient time stated that university or academia was designed for the few elites who want to learn about ideas, wisdom, and certain knowledge. These schools and professors still want to maintain the philosophy that the role of university is to develop a \u201cTotal knowledgeable persons\u201d (The concept of ancient Greece) or \u201cscholars\u201d (the concept of ancient China). The practical view is based on the social philosophy that university is a place of learning for the masses and the role is to develop workers for the country\u2019s economy needs, therefore education should change whenever the needs change. Today many top U.S. universities are working closely with industries to provide knowledgeable and highly skilled graduates. The notion of learning to increase profound knowledge and higher ideas is no longer encouraged. However the traditional view is still strong in Europe and Asia where the philosophy has unchanged for centuries.\u00a0The debate had no conclusion as both sides did not yield so in the end, schools come up with a truce that it is up to the students to make decision and they should select what is best for them.<\/p>\n

For years the government has encouraged students to study STEM careers but many schools did not want to violate their truce so they let students to make their own decision. The questions are: How many students know what fields to study? Do they receive necessary information to allow them to make the right decision? Do they understand what the industry needs? Do they know about the high number of unemployment among college graduates? Even in this information age, where information is available at the click of a mouse, how many students are conducting research to find out what is best for them? What would be best for their future? There is a common belief among first year students that STEM careers are difficult but other fields are much easier. Some students believe that with college degree they can still get good jobs without consider about the fields of study. That is why in recent years many college graduates are facing reality that they did not expect. Some blame the bad economy and the recession but many still hope that when the economy is getting better, things will change. The reality is even when thing changes, if they do not have the needed skills, they will not be able to get the job.<\/p>\n

A Sociology professor who study global education trends told me: \u201cYou can see the cultural differences in the U.S., in Europe and in Asia via the attitudes of college student. U.S students are very practical. Facing unemployment, some immediately return to schools to study other fields that will get them jobs, as evidence in the government study that about 37% of graduates are now enrolling back in schools, mostly in STEM careers. Some accept the reality and willing to take low-paying jobs that have nothing to do with their education. Asian students are very passive; they rely mostly on their parents or family support. As long as they have shelters and meals, they continue to go out with friends like when they were in school and hope that when things get better, they can get jobs. You can see in China, Japan, and S. Korea there are large number of graduates in their late 20s or even 30s are still living with their parents. Europe is more dramatically, many graduates have been unemployed for several years. Out of frustrations, some getting into crimes, using illegal drugs, alcohol but many are beginning to protests and demand changes in government as seen in many countries in Europe.\u201d<\/p>\n

My concern is when you have a lot of young and educated people but not be able to contribute positively to a society, it is a huge waste. I believe schools should do a better job in educate students on their careers and it should start early in high school. STEM is not something you learn in college but the foundation should be done in high schools. I believe parents and teachers should have more discussions about the role of education as well as preparing for the future of their children in areas that allow the next generation to be highly educated so that they can contribute positively to our society. More than ever, the role of education is very critical in the improving of the economy and the society.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ng\u00e0y nay gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 xa hoa m\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai t\u1ed1t … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29,28,18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-533","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-giao-vien","category-loi-khuyen-cho-phu-huynh","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/533","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=533"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/533\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":541,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/533\/revisions\/541"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=533"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=533"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=533"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}