Ng\u00e0y nay, khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd. M\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn l\u00e1i b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u01a1i c\u1ea1nh tranh l\u00e0 d\u1eef d\u1ed9i.\u00a0 Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ed1t trong khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc (STEM) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n
Vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c gi\u00fap cho h\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ecdc tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi h\u1ecd. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ea1y truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ee5 tri th\u1ee9c qua ghi nh\u1edb s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u00fap h\u1ecdc sinh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng. V\u00ec n\u00f3 d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c k\u00ec thi l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh, thi \u0111\u1ed7 k\u00ec thi \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch thay v\u00ec c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y STEM hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u01a1i h\u1ecdc sinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ea1y m\u1edbi. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc sinh tham gia v\u00e0o “qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc” n\u01a1i h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb “h\u1ecdc th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng” n\u01a1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 “th\u1ea7y gi\u1ea3ng, v\u00e0 tr\u00f2 nghe” sang “h\u1ecdc ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng” n\u01a1i h\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00ean l\u1edbp v\u00e0 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng th\u1eddi gian tr\u00ean l\u1edbp l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, cho ph\u00e9p th\u1ea7y v\u00e0 tr\u00f2 c\u00f9ng th\u0103m d\u00f2 c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc s\u00e2u h\u01a1n qua th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn tr\u00ean l\u1edbp v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u00f9ng nhau.<\/p>\n
Trong H\u1ecdc ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng, th\u1ea7y cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u00edt nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi ba c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ecdc t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u TR\u01af\u1edaC KHI l\u00ean l\u1edbp. B\u1eb1ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ecdc TRONG th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn tr\u00ean l\u1edbp. V\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0, SAU gi\u1edd tr\u00ean l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc h\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. Th\u1ea7y ph\u1ea3i t\u00f3m t\u1eaft t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng chu k\u00ec h\u1ecdc, th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecdc sinh c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian “ti\u00eau ho\u00e1” t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n
B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecdc TR\u01af\u1edaC KHI l\u00ean l\u1edbp, h\u1ecdc snh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tri th\u1ee9c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng s\u01a1 b\u1ed9. B\u1eb1ng tham gia v\u00e0o th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn TRONG l\u1edbp, h\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn kh\u00e1c nhau hay c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00ean l\u1edbp. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ch\u00fang, v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 SAU gi\u1edd l\u00ean l\u1edbp, h\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ecdc \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. V\u00ec tr\u00f2 h\u1ecd ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi k\u00ec h\u1ecdc, h\u1ecd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00f3i quen h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0nh cho tr\u00ean l\u1edbp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 th\u1ea7y tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u01a1n v\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c s\u00e2u h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u1ecdc t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00ean l\u1edbp, th\u1ea7y ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 cho kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea7m n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 n\u00f3. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, khi t\u00f4i ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng b\u00e0i b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ecdc cho h\u1ecdc sinh, t\u00f4i b\u1ea3o h\u1ecd t\u1edbi l\u1edbp v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn, h\u1ecdc sinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00f4i mong \u0111\u1ee3i \u1edf h\u1ecd. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu t\u00f4i cho h\u1ecd th\u00f4ng tin x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft; h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn trong l\u1edbp, \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o c\u00e1i g\u00ec. T\u00f4i bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u1ecd di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd theo b\u00e0i b\u00e1o; cho d\u00f9 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u00f4i b\u1ea3o h\u1ecd: “N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c em \u0111\u1ecdc t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u, c\u00e1c em s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n. C\u00e1c em c\u1ea7n th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n cho t\u1edbi khi c\u00e1c em v\u00e9t c\u1ea1n m\u1ecdi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng. Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ebf th\u00ec c\u00e1c em m\u1edbi c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u.” \u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc h\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ecdc t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u t\u1ed1t, t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1edbi v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong h\u1ecd trong th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn tr\u00ean l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd tu\u00e2n theo ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 cho th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn tr\u00ean l\u1edbp.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00f4i khi, t\u00f4i cho h\u1ecd xem video hay m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n phim ng\u1eafn thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00ean l\u1edbp. C\u00f9ng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00ec h\u1ecdc sinh ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c \u00fd ki\u1ebfn n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 n\u00f3. Thay v\u00ec n\u00f3i “xem video,” t\u00f4i bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng, v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa \u00fd t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc h\u1ecdc sinh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n, t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng chia l\u1edbp th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00f3m; t\u1eebng nh\u00f3m s\u1ebd h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd tranh c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecdc gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u hai m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i, t\u1ed1t hay x\u1ea5u; hay tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t hay x\u1ea5u. Th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn s\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f4i khi chi\u1ebfm nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 gi\u1edd l\u00ean l\u1edbp, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u1ec1u th\u00edch th\u00fa n\u00f3 v\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n
T\u00f4i tin h\u1ecdc ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y STEM. N\u00f3 gi\u00fap cho h\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng cho n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u00edch c\u1ef1c. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c h\u01a1n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc sinh l\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0 h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n khi h\u1ecd \u0111i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n
D\u1ea1y vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh v\u1eabn quen ch\u1ec9 ng\u1ed3i v\u00e0 nghe th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng. N\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn. \u0110\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ea1y m\u1edbi, \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u1ea7y mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc sinh l\u00e0m v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho h\u1ecd. H\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ecd ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn n\u00f3. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng d\u1ea1y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1, trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m nh\u01b0ng t\u1edbi m\u00e3i g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc sinh v\u00e0 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eadn ra gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i, m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc sinh th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn: “Em ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y. \u0110\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7n em mu\u1ed1n th\u1ea7y \u0111i m\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u00fang em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quay l\u1ea1i c\u00e1ch c\u0169 nghe b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng. Nh\u01b0ng b\u00e2y gi\u1edd em n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao n\u00f3, v\u00e0 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd mu\u1ed1n th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00eam n\u1eefa.”<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Teaching STEM with Active Learning method<\/p>\n
Today, science and technology have become more important than ever. Every country is facing the challenges of a technology-driven economy where competition is fierce.\u00a0 Therefore, it is essential that all students must receive a good education in science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) to meet the demand of a technology job market and contribute to their economy.<\/p>\n
Teaching is about helping students learning the knowledge and developing skills so they can apply them in their lives. The traditional teaching method focuses mostly on the transfers the knowledge via memorization of facts but does not help students to develop the skills. Since it uses exams as the way to assess students’ learning, passing the exams has become the goal rather than the having the skills.<\/p>\n
To effectively teaching STEM where students can apply their knowledge, we need a new teaching method. The Active learning method requires students to involve in the “learning process” where they must learn by their own effort. The learning environment must change from “Passive learning” where the main activity is “teacher lectures, and students listen” to “Active learning” where the students learn by discovering, analyzing, synthesizing, and applying. Active learning method emphasizes the importance of pre-class work and homework to ensure that class time is effective, allowing the teacher and students to explore deeper levels of learning through class discussions and analyze the materials together.<\/p>\n
In Active Learning, teachers allow students to learn a concept on at least three occasions. By requiring students to learn the materials BEFORE the class. By encouraging students to learn DURING discussion in class. And by having homework, AFTER class to make sure students learn the materials well. The teachers should summarize the materials at the end of each learning period, usually a few days after, to allow students time to “digest” the materials.<\/p>\n
By having assigned reading materials BEFORE class, students build a preliminary foundation knowledge. By participate in the discussion DURING class, students discover different views or things that they did not know before the class. They must analyze and synthesize them, and develop critical thinking skills. By doing homework AFTER class, students learn to apply what they have learned to develop problem-solving skills. Because students are actively learning throughout the learning period, they develop a good learning habit and the time spent in class with other students and the teacher becomes more valuable as they are developing deeper levels of critical thinking and analysis.<\/p>\n
To encourage students to read the materials before the class, teachers should clearly explain what students must do so there is no misunderstanding about it. For example, when I assign a reading article for students to read, if I tell them to come to class and ready to discuss, students may not know what I expect of them. But if I give them specific information about what materials they must know; how much detail they need to analyze so they can discuss them in class, so they know what to focus their learning. I always encourage them to express their opinion on the article; even it may be different from the author’s view to developing their critical thinking skills. I tell them: “If you read the materials and agree with what it stated, you will not develop critical thinking skills. You need to challenge the author’s view by analyzing all the facts until you exhaust all possibilities. Only then, you have a deeper understanding of the materials.” To make sure students learn the materials well, I often ask questions to several of them during the class discussion to make sure that they follow my instruction and use their answers as the topic for class discussion.<\/p>\n
Sometimes, I have them watch a video or a short film instead of reading before class. The same process also applies as students must analyze and develop certain opinions about it. Instead of saying “watch the video,” I always identify what is important, and why they must pay attention to certain parts. To make sure students develop the critical thinking skills, I often divide the class into several groups; each group will be focusing on different points of view and let them debate on the topic related to what they need to learn. For example, the reading materials presenting two different sides of outsourcing, good or bad; or Is artificial intelligence good or bad. This lively discussion sometimes takes more than one class time, but most students would enjoy it because they have a chance to express their views.<\/p>\n
I believe Active learning is one of the best methods of teaching STEM. It helps students to learn and be accountable for their own effort actively. Of course, preparing for Active learning method require teachers to receive the training, spend more time and efforts than the traditional lecturing, but it will challenges students to take learning into deeper levels and develop essential skills that they will need when they are going to work.<\/p>\n
Teaching Active learning is not easy, especially in an environment when students are used to passively just sit and listen. It requires more time and a lot of patience. To start, teachers need to explain the new teaching method, what they want students to do and why this method is better for them. Students need to understand the important and the value of the new method before they will accept it. The fact is I have been teaching this method in several countries, especially in Asia, for many years but until recently some students and teachers begin to realize the value of it. Last year, a student admitted: “It took me several months to understand the important of this method. There were times I wish you would go away and we can go back to the old way of listening to lectures. But now I get it, appreciate it, and will never want to be passive anymore.”<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ng\u00e0y nay, khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd. M\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5300","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-giao-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5300","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5300"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5300\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5301,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5300\/revisions\/5301"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5300"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5300"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5300"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}