M\u1ed9t c\u1ef1u sinh vi\u00ean vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: “Sau ba n\u0103m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m cho m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti, em \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1t l\u00ean l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Em h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng lo ngh\u0129 v\u00ec em kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft em c\u1ea7n g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u1edbi n\u00e0y. Xin th\u1ea7y l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean.”<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p: Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 “n\u1eeda” k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 “n\u1eeda” k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m.\u00a0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n gi\u1ecfi bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t, v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch bi\u1ec3u h\u1ee3p l\u00ed, v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1ed5 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi cam k\u1ebft l\u00e0m cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.\u00a0 N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee7a k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh k\u0129 thu\u1eadt, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ra quan h\u1ec7 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t trong m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5, \u0111\u1ec3 cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch chung: Ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u00fang th\u1eddi gian, trong ph\u1ea1m vi phi ph\u00ed, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n
Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng cho v\u1ecb tr\u00ed qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt cao m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng xem x\u00e9t k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ph\u1ea1m vi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, chi ph\u00ed, r\u1ee7i ro, v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch bi\u1ec3u, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, trao \u0111\u1ed5i, th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed xung \u0111\u1ed9t,\u00a0v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean, d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Theo kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c then ch\u1ed1t cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i k\u0129 thu\u1eadt. M\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 m\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ed5 y\u1ebfu, \u0111\u1ea7y v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 xung \u0111\u1ed9t, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 ch\u00fang l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n
N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Nh\u01b0ng nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch m\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh. B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n b\u1ea1n n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n thi\u1ebfu k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. M\u1ed9t khi b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 suy ng\u1eabm v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n b\u1ea1n. Kh\u00f4ng ai l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng \u0111\u01b0a n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0o thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n b\u1ea1n, cho d\u00f9 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n
L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u1edbi, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean quan s\u00e1t nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c trong c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 xem b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec t\u1eeb h\u1ecd.\u00a0 B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 k\u0129 n\u0103ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i, k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean, k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i. B\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m n\u00e0y. H\u1ecd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c, hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n h\u1ecdp h\u00e0nh, gi\u1eef cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1u k\u1ec9nh v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u nh\u1ecf nh\u1eb7t. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng quan s\u00e1t, \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u1ed1t m\u00e0 theo c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u x\u1ea5u c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0a \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00ec c\u1ea7n th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n
Li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111i l\u00ean trong ngh\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o m\u1ea1nh. L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed; n\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tri th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1c.\u00a0 Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i trong khi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1edbi l\u1ecbch bi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed trong khi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong khi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1edbi \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn. Trong khi n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb s\u00e1ch v\u1edf m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn v\u00ec th\u1eddi gian b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng v\u1edbi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c b\u1ecf ra.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Improving soft skills<\/p>\n
A former student wrote to me: “After three years of working as a software developer for a company, I got promoted to project manager. I am happy but also worried because I do not know what do I need to succeed in this new position. Please advise.”<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Answer: Project management is about having “half” technical skills and “half” soft skills.\u00a0 A good project manager knows how to work with customers to get requirements, plan a project accordingly with good estimates, and reasonable schedule, and how to build an effective team who commit to making the project succeed.\u00a0 In another word, an effective project management is a balance of technical skills and soft skills. Besides the technical aspects, the project manager should be able to create good working relations among all team members, so everyone is working toward a common goal: To complete the project on time, within cost, and with quality.<\/p>\n
Many people believe technical skills are an important factor for a management position and promote people with high technical skills without considering their soft skills. Even with technical skills such as managing the project’s scope, costs, risks, and schedule, but without soft skills such as leadership, communication, negotiation, conflict management,\u00a0 and motivation, the project may not succeed. In my experience, the key challenge for a project manager is the management of people, not technical. A strong team can overcome many technical problems, but a weak team, full of problems and conflict, will never achieve the project goals, regardless of how easy they are.<\/p>\n
If you have not developed the soft skills yet, you need to read books about this topic to have a basic idea to help you improving your skills. But remember that you do not develop soft skills from reading books but by practice. You must be willing to change yourself if you lack some skills. Once you know your weaknesses, it is necessary for you to reflect on what you have learned from these books and take necessary action to change yourself. No one is perfect, but if you are willing to put in the effort to change yourself, even it may be uncomfortable, you will develop that soft skills.<\/p>\n
As a new project manager, you should observe other successful managers in your company and see what you can learn from them.\u00a0 You need to learn about communication skills, motivation skills, organization and coordination skills. You can also observe some managers who do not have these soft skills. They are the ones who are unwilling to face a challenge, or unable to manage their team properly. These are managers who are always busy in meetings, to keep themselves busy and often get angry about small things. There are a lot to learn just by observation, to see the good skills to follow as well as the bad things to avoid, but you need to put what you learn into practice as it takes the time to change and develop these skills.<\/p>\n
To continue to move up a management career, you need strong leadership skills. Leadership is different from management; it requires different knowledge, different skills to achieve a different purpose.\u00a0 Management deals with the present when leadership deals with the future. Management deals with the schedule and costs when leadership deals with people. Management deals with facts and data when leadership deals with ideas and vision. While leadership is not something you learn from books but you need to be patient because the time that you invest in improving your leadership will be worth the efforts.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
M\u1ed9t c\u1ef1u sinh vi\u00ean vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: “Sau ba n\u0103m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m cho m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti, em \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24,30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5298","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-quan-li-du-an","category-hoi-va-dap"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5298","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5298"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5298\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5299,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5298\/revisions\/5299"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5298"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5298"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5298"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}