B\u1ea3n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n trong c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi b\u1ea1n. Ng\u00e0y nay th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng, v\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u nhu c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n
Khi d\u1ea1y \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1, t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ea3n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ch\u00fang l\u00e0 g\u00ec. M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: “Ch\u00fang em \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p, v\u00e0 t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng ai n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch g\u00ec hay l\u00e0m b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec th\u00eam.” Sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00e1c n\u00f3i: “B\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 ch\u00fang em s\u1ebd l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p cho ch\u00fang em, m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang em ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc th\u00f4i.” Cho n\u00ean t\u00f4i h\u1ecfi h\u1ecd: “B\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 c\u00e1c em c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m kh\u00f4ng? K\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0o c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u cao v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n n\u1eefa?” Sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: “H\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang em em h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9, thi \u0111\u1ed7 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ch\u00fang em kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd h\u1ecfi h\u1ecd.” V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ai \u0111\u00e3 bao gi\u1edd h\u1ecfi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi t\u1ea1i sao c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p? T\u1ea1i sao ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111ang l\u00e0m c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc?”<\/p>\n
T\u00f4i b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean n\u00e0y: “B\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00e1c em h\u1ecdc, c\u00e1c em ph\u1ea3i r\u1ea5t coi tr\u1ecdng vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. C\u00e1c em ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00e1c em mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m v\u00e0 l\u00e0m sao c\u00e1c em s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3. Ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c em \u0111ang trong ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Kh\u00f4ng ai cho c\u00e1c em ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p ngo\u00e0i b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u00e1c em, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c em ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eafc c\u00e1c em c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c em. L\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, c\u00e1c em ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 ch\u0103m nom cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u00e1c em. C\u00e1c em kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ai \u0111\u00f3 ch\u0103m nom cho c\u00e1c em. C\u00e1c em ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c em v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c em v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c em. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c em ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u xu h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c em t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. C\u00e1c em ph\u1ea3i nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00e1c em bi\u1ebft b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0o c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 k\u1ebd h\u1edf n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e9p n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i.”<\/p>\n
“Sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecfi: “M\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00e0o? M\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m \u1edf l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0o? M\u00ecnh c\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n \u0111i v\u00e0o trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed kh\u00f4ng? V\u00ec th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft n\u01a1i b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n \u0111i t\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ea3n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3. B\u1ea3n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i linh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00ec n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i khi th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00ec nhu c\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i. B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, \u0111i theo nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 cho b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh b\u1ea3n l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n khi b\u1ea1n \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p.”<\/p>\n
“Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, v\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n web hay ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n app di \u0111\u1ed9ng, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i sang c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 “Internet m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9,” “Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn,” “An ninh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh,” v.v. Bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea3n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c m\u1edbi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi.”<\/p>\n
“B\u1ea3n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n \u0111i t\u1eeb n\u01a1i b\u1ea1n \u0111ang v\u1eady b\u00e2y gi\u1edd t\u1edbi ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. B\u1ea3n l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p n\u00ean c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c d\u1ecdc theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ng\u1eafn ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p d\u1ecdc theo cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u1ea1n n\u00ean l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c nh\u01b0: v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng, thi \u0111\u1ed7, t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, th\u0103ng ch\u1ee9c l\u00ean m\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 v\u00e2n v\u00e2n. D\u1ecdc theo cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5, th\u00eam tri th\u1ee9c doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n. Ng\u00e0y nay ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o k\u0129 thu\u1eadt m\u00e0 c\u00f2n k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed th\u1eddi gian, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1ed5, k\u0129 n\u0103ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i, v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.”<\/p>\n
“B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean bao xa trong ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3 nhanh ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi \u0111am m\u00ea, cam k\u1ebft, d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5 h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u1eebng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ee3i m\u1ecdi th\u01b0 x\u1ea3y ra cho b\u1ea1n. \u0110\u1eebng \u0111\u1ebfm th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean m\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfp. \u0110\u1eebng \u0111\u1ee3i ai \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n. Ng\u00e0y nay, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ti\u1ebfp. Nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 b\u1ea1n m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ra kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.”<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
The Career Roadmap<\/p>\n
A career development plan is a roadmap to help you to achieve your educational goals and advance your career throughout your life. Today job market changes quickly, and students must understand the needs and adjust their training accordingly.<\/p>\n
When teaching in Asia, I found that most students never develop a career plan or even know what they are. A student explained: “We are told to go to college, get an education, have a degree, and find a job. That is it, no one talks about plan anything or does\u00a0 anything further.” Another student said: “Our parents will plan a career for us, all we have to do is study.” So I asked them: “Do your parents know about the job market? What skills are in high demand and which skills are no longer needed?” Another student explained: “They only told us to study hard, pass exams and get a college degree and we never question them.” The issues are nobody ever ask the question why there are a high number of unemployed college graduates? Why are college graduates working in jobs that do not even require a college education?<\/p>\n
I told these students: “Regardless of what you study, you should take your career development very seriously. You should know what you want to do and how you will get there. The most important part of career development is to understand you are in control of your career and your future. No one is giving you a career but yourself, and you must make sure you have the skills needed to build your career and your future. As college students, you must learn to be independent and take care of yourself. You cannot depend on somebody to take care of you. You must control your destiny and responsible for your action and your career. To do that, you must read more to understand the market trends and what will be needed in the future and adjust your learning accordingly. You should look at what you know now and what skills the industry need and identify if there is any gap and take action to close it.”<\/p>\n
“Students must ask: “What kind of job do I want to get? Which area that I want to work? Do I want to move into management? Because advancing a career takes planning. You need to know where you want to go before you can develop a plan to get there. Your plan is not a rigid but must be flexible because it should change when the market changes. Your goals may change as the needs change. You must monitor these changes by reading more, following the technology changes, and well as the market trends. That means you must read more so you can adjust your career road map as you are progressing in your career.”<\/p>\n
“For example, a few years ago if you have skills in web development or mobile apps development, you had no problem finding work. Today there are many people with these skills and the needs change to other skills such as “Internet of Things,” “Big Data Analysis,” “Computer security,” etc. Knowing that, you should modify your career plan by focusing more in these new areas to take advantage of new opportunities.”<\/p>\n
“A career development plan will help you to go from where you are now to your future career. A career roadmap should have some milestones along the path. These are your career development short goals along with your long journey. You cannot start at the beginning and reach your destination immediately. You should plan your career journey with several milestones such as: go to school, pass exams, graduate, get a job, do well in the job, promote to the next level and so on, etc. Along with your career journey, you also need to identify additional skills that can help you to achieve your goals such as additional skills, more business knowledge and any formal training that you may need. Today most jobs require more than just technical training but soft skills such as time management, team building, communications skills, and problem-solving skills.”<\/p>\n
“How far you can move up your career and how fast you get there has more to do with your passion, your commitment, your courage, your work ethic, and additional skills than anything else. Do not just wait for things to happen to you. Do not count the time to help you to move up the next level. Do not wait for someone to help you. Today, you must continue to learn, to improve and compete for the next position. Remember that you and only you can make a difference in your career.”<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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