Ng\u00e0y nay, \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n, l\u00e0 “m\u00e1y th\u00f4ng minh” s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m t\u1edbi. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 xe \u00f4 t\u00f4 v\u00e0 xe t\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ed7. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c robot \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh trong nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng m\u1ea5y ch\u1ed1c ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng \u0111ang d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c m\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n
Theo m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf M\u0129 hay ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111ang nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1 n\u1eefa. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean, Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u nhi\u1ec1u robot v\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c, v\u00ec n\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u00ednh c\u1ea1nh tranh trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o: “Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i qua r\u1ed3i, ng\u00e0y nay c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang d\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecd cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. C\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ebd ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p d\u00e2ng l\u00ean nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 s\u1edbm.” Nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u00e1c vi\u1ebft: “T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.\u00a0 C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u1edf m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd b\u1ecb m\u00e1y l\u00e0m thay. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u01a1ng cao h\u01a1n. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ecb \u0111e do\u1ea1, hoang mang, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Nh\u01b0ng d\u00f9 h\u1ecd th\u00edch hay kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch, c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 nhanh h\u01a1n ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u0129.<\/p>\n
V\u00ec ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd t\u1edbi t\u1eeb c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c Khoa h\u1ecdc, C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc (STEM), m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd sang k\u0129 n\u0103ng STEM nhanh nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Do \u0111\u00f3, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c STEM l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng cho s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i h\u1ecd. Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho tr\u1ebb em v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u00e0 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m l\u1ee3i cho h\u1ecd v\u00e0 cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. \u0110\u1ebfn l\u00fac h\u1ecdc sinh r\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p trong l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1eb7c cho l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c STEM trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m qua, nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u00e3 \u00edt b\u1ea7y t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi h\u1ecdc Khoa h\u1ecdc, C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc trong nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Theo m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi, l\u00ed do ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c STEM. Nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1edd d\u00e0i trong l\u1edbp ng\u1ed3i nghe b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 ghi nh\u1edb nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch th\u00fa h\u1ecdc STEM. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi d\u00f9ng b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 b\u00e0i thi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 tr\u01b0\u1ee3t cho nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh. V\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o trong d\u1ea1y STEM \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c STEM \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc. Theo nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y, nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh h\u01a1n v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng thay v\u00ec h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, l\u00e0m cho h\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ecdc c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng cho h\u1ecd v\u00e0 cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Nh\u1eefng l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00f4ng, \u00edt th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ea1y truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, thi\u1ebfu t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u d\u1ea1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n, n\u01a1i h\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n d\u1ea1y c\u0169ng t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t cao trong c\u1ea3 h\u1ecdc sinh v\u00e0 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o. Kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng t\u00ecm ra l\u00ed do kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m h\u1ecdc sinh ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c STEM l\u00e0 KH\u00d4NG \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p cho h\u1ecd t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd KH\u00d4NG bi\u1ebft m\u1ea5y v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb s\u1edbm h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc trong c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 gi\u1eef cho h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111ang trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong \u0111\u1ecdc, vi\u1ebft, to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m khoa h\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ea1y m\u1edbi, \u00edt ghi nh\u1edb h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1n. Ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean tr\u00e1nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o cho nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 th\u1ea5p, trong khi c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u cao, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c STEM, l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y. C\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi STEM kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m; ch\u00fang l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t. N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Georgetown b\u00e1o c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng 65 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1eed nh\u00e2n trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c STEM ki\u1ebfm nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea1c s\u0129 trong c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec1 phi STEM. V\u00e0 47 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1eed nh\u00e2n trong c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec1 STEM, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 trong c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec1 phi STEM.<\/p>\n
Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y, t\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ea1y m\u1edbi nh\u01b0 h\u1ecdc Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y STEM b\u1eb1ng ghi nh\u1edb hay k\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng. H\u1ecdc sinh ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u0111i t\u1edbi hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u1edf m\u1ee9c s\u00e2u h\u01a1n. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, n\u01a1i h\u1ecdc sinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem video c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m khoa h\u1ecdc thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1ecdc n\u00f3 t\u1eeb s\u00e1ch hay nghe b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng. Ch\u1ec9 mua nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y t\u00ednh trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng gi\u00fap \u00edch nh\u01b0ng m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 ph\u1ea3i t\u1edbi v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, v\u00e0 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o v\u1edbi tri th\u1ee9c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n
C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111ang h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c STEM trong \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0m ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb s\u1edbm trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc. V\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh trung h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t trong c\u00e1c l\u1edbp STEM c\u0169ng c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1nh trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c STEM ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc t\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc sinh s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc STEM \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n
Ng\u00e0y nay khi ch\u00fang ta nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ed9 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p cao h\u01a1n \u1edf m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111ang v\u00e0 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y. Nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1eafp kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y n\u00e0y l\u00e0 v\u00ec KH\u00d4NG c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi t\u1eadp k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00fang, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00e0y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc (STEM). T\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c trong STEM s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111u\u1ed5i k\u1ecbp c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c. Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c STEM c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho m\u1ecdi h\u1ecdc sinh, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0 gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh.\u00a0 M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf l\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ecdc trong c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c STEM, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi l\u00e0: “H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi sang h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u cao n\u00e0y?”<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
A better education system<\/p>\n
Today, it is a fact, not a prediction that “smart machines” will take over many jobs in the next few years. We can see the evidence of self-driving cars and trucks in several places. We can see robots are operating in many factories and soon we will see more factories and offices are using automated machines to replace human.<\/p>\n
According to an industry report, automation is not just happening in the U.S.or Europe, but it is rapidly being used in Asia too. Surprisingly, China is the country that imports more robots and automated machines than any others, because it wants to remain competitive in this global economy. An industry analyst warned: “The outsourcing trend is over, today countries are using automation to keep jobs in their country for their people. Countries that depend on factory outsourcing will see unemployment rises quickly and their economy collapsing soon.” Another analyst wrote: “Automation and Artificial Intelligence will completely change the way people work.\u00a0 Workers everywhere will find their jobs being done by machine. People who have technology knowledge and skills will get jobs with a higher salary. Other people without the technology skills will feel threatened, confused, and may not be able to keep their jobs. But whether they like or dislike, everyone’s work will change in some way and faster than most people think.<\/p>\n
Because most of the jobs of the future will come from Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics areas (STEM), every country will need to shift their education system toward STEM skills as fast as possible. Therefore, STEM education is vital to the surviving of their country, and the future of their children. Education has many goals, but the main one is to prepare children and young people to become employable adults with skills that will benefit them and the society. By the time students leave high school, they should have developed some basic skills and knowledge to contribute in the workplace. To further development, every country will need a skilled workforce with a college education who can think creatively and solve scientific and technological problems.<\/p>\n
However, despite the call to promote STEM education over the last several years, many students have shown less interest in studying Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics in schools. According to a new study, the main reason is traditional teaching not suitable for STEM education. The long hours in class listen to lectures and memorize so many facts, and data have made many students disinterested in learning STEM. The current assessment method of using tests and exams have created a fear of failure for many students. And the lack of teachers’ training in teaching STEM has delayed the implementation of STEM education in many countries. According to this study, many countries are targeting quantity, having more students go to school rather than focus on quality, having students learn something that can be useful for them and their society. Overcrowded classrooms, lesser qualified teachers, traditional teaching method, lack of up-to-date teaching materials have created a poor learning environment where students do not want to learn and teachers who do not want to teach also create a high absenteeism among both students and their teachers. The study also found another reason that students are reluctant to study STEM areas because there is NOT enough information provided to them by the school. Many students and their family DO NOT know much about the fields, and they are not prepared earlier to study in these areas.<\/p>\n
To improve the education system, we must solve these issues by getting more students into school and keeping students who are in school learning more, especially in reading, writing, basic math and science concepts using new teaching method, less memorization but more on the application. We should avoid the problem of having students trained for jobs in which the demand is low, while high-demand jobs, particularly those in STEM fields, go unfilled. STEM-related jobs are not just a source of jobs; they are a source of jobs that pay very well. Last year, GeorgetownUniversity reported that 65 percent of those with Bachelors’ degrees in STEM fields earn more than Master’s degrees in non-STEM occupations. And 47 percent of Bachelor’s degrees in STEM occupations, especially in Information Technology earn more than PhDs in non-STEM occupations.<\/p>\n
For many years of teaching, I believe that teacher training, especially in new teaching method such as Active learning is essential. You cannot teach STEM by memorization or lecturing technique. Students must have hands-on practical to discover, investigate, discuss, and come up with their understanding of these topics at deeper levels. To improve teaching resource, we can use computer-assisted learning, where students can watch a video of scientific experiments rather read it from a book or listen to a lecture. Just buying more computers in schools will not help but everything must come with appropriate learning software, and teachers with technical knowledge to get the training effective implemented.<\/p>\n
There are studies that found most students who are studying STEM fields in college make that choice early in high school. And high school students who did well in STEM classes also have a strong foundation in elementary school. That means STEM education must be implemented throughout the entire education system, from elementary school to high school to increase the number of students who will study STEM in college.<\/p>\n
Today when we look at the global statistics, it reveals a serious issue with higher unemployment in every country, and at the same time, there are large numbers of jobs that are going unfilled. These jobs are going unfilled because there are NOT enough people with the right skill sets, and these jobs are all related to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). I believe that improving education in STEM will ensure that the country can compete globally, create more jobs, and achieve the levels of economic growth to catch up with others. A quality STEM education could create an opportunity for all students, workers, educators, and business to contribute and keep the country strong.\u00a0 Every country leaders know that the best way to better employment and economic growth is to have more students studying in STEM areas, but the question is: “What can they do to change the current education system to a better system and have enough skilled graduates to meet the high demand?”<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ng\u00e0y nay, \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n, l\u00e0 “m\u00e1y th\u00f4ng minh” s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5273","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-giao-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5273","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5273"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5273\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5274,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5273\/revisions\/5274"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5273"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5273"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5273"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}