{"id":527,"date":"2013-06-20T21:50:06","date_gmt":"2013-06-20T14:50:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=527"},"modified":"2013-06-21T14:00:38","modified_gmt":"2013-06-21T07:00:38","slug":"xu-huong-thue-nguoi-cua-cong-nghiep-2012-2018","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=527","title":{"rendered":"Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p 2012-2018"},"content":{"rendered":"

Theo m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, vi\u1ec7c thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT) cho n\u0103m n\u0103m t\u1edbi s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 t\u1eeb ch\u00e2u \u00c1 b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng CNTT \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho nhu c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u01a1n l\u00e0 M\u0129 hay ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eb1ng trong n\u0103m n\u0103m t\u1edbi, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p CNTT s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra th\u00eam 4.5 tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m CNTT, trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 3 tri\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u00ea t\u1eeb ch\u00e2u \u00c1. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch di tr\u00fa c\u00f2n b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111em t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd v\u00e0o M\u0129 hay ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho n\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i m\u1edf c\u00e1c ti\u1ec7n nghi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng CNTT c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i trong nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 \u1edf c\u00e1c m\u00fai gi\u1edd kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y, m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m CNTT \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho \u00edt nh\u1ea5t t\u00e1m ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i CNTT, t\u1ed5ng 24 tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u00e0 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u1ea1nh tranh trong c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 ch\u1ed7 c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp. Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh then ch\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. M\u1ed9t quan ch\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh n\u00f3i: \u201c\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fac t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. C\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c CNTT c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho nhu c\u1ea7u to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u hay kh\u00f4ng. C\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u1ea3i l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch n\u0103ng n\u1ed5 b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang nhanh ch\u00f3ng chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o pha ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a t\u00ednh to\u00e1n n\u01a1i t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y, m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn l\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh.\u201d<\/p>\n

Theo nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y, t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c CNTT t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. V\u1edbi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m s\u1ebd t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1ea3ng. Di \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0o cho m\u1ecdi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. T\u00ednh to\u00e1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u0169ng \u0111ang di chuy\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng th\u00e0nh l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh doanh nghi\u1ec7p. N\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed t\u1eeb c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh sang c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u1eb3ng b\u1eaft ngang qua bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec1u d\u00f9ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c, trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c nhi\u1ec1u CNTT trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi kinh doanh, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nhanh ch\u00f3ng, v\u00e0 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u kinh doanh. V\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 (d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn) s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, l\u01b0u gi\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang th\u00e0nh th\u00f4ng tin c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng trong kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m CNTT h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1edbi nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a CNTT tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m 24 gi\u1edd v\u00e0 7 ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhanh h\u01a1n. Trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0 qui t\u1eafc. B\u1ea1n c\u00e0ng nhanh ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u1ea1n c\u00e0ng n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 \u01b0u th\u1ebf ch\u00ednh trong l\u00e0m kinh doanh trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea1nh tranh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y. Do \u0111\u00f3, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef (ti\u1ebfng Anh) s\u1ebd l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u then ch\u1ed1t cho vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng 65% c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti CNTT \u0111ang l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i v\u1edbi IBM, Microsoft v\u00e0 Google l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a tr\u00ean tr\u0103m trung t\u00e2m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u01a1i xa trong n\u0103m n\u0103m t\u1edbi. M\u1ed9t quan ch\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh n\u00f3i: \u201cKhi b\u1ea1n nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o xu h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, CNTT l\u00e0 trong s\u1ed1 hai hay ba c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh v\u1eabn \u0111ang t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng. CNTT d\u1eabn l\u00e1i h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0m, t\u1eeb n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t t\u1edbi trao \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. V\u00ec m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o CNTT, h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf M\u0129 hay ch\u00e2u \u00c2u cho n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c thu\u00ea c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 m\u1edf c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p logic. C\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111ang t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm l\u00e0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. V\u00ec ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc trong Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin.\u201d<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u kh\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c CNTT. M\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t. K\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u00e0 Java, C++, J2EE v\u00e0 Dot net. Khi nhi\u1ec1u doanh nghi\u1ec7p d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh v\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1ea3ng, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111ang t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch thu\u00ea nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y. K\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u00e0 Java, Objective C, C++, IOS, Android v\u00e0 Window 8. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt, c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5, trao \u0111\u1ed5i trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1, k\u0129 n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng ti\u1ebfp m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ea7n l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. M\u1ed9t quan ch\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cNhu c\u1ea7u v\u1eabn \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u0169ng t\u1ea1o ra nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 k\u0129 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m cho n\u00ean ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd ch\u00fa \u00fd ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1ec1 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t v\u00ec c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111ang t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n khi t\u00ednh k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng tr\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n cho nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng m\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, c\u00f3 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 t\u1ed1t ti\u1ebfng Anh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt m\u1ea1nh.”<\/p>\n

Khi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti \u0111ang chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o m\u00e2y, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n chuy\u00ean gia t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u00e2y b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. K\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n \u0111ang h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u00fac b\u1ea9y c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ti t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y. Nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean s\u00e1ng gi\u00e1 nh\u1ea5t n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, v\u00e0 tho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn m\u1ee9c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 (SLAs), c\u00e1ch l\u1eadp c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, c\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00fang. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ai \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (ISM) c\u00f3 hai n\u0103m kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hay h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n

V\u00ec c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, an ninh \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p an ninh \u0111ang t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 canh g\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p t\u0103ng th\u00eam. Ng\u00e0y nay an ninh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc cho n\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea1c s\u0129 v\u1ec1 an ninh t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean an ninh c\u00f3 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t n\u0103m n\u0103m kinh nghi\u1ec7m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 an ninh. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean gia trong tri\u1ec3n khai t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111e do\u1ea1, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e3 ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng an ninh kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

K\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt then ch\u1ed1t kh\u00e1c v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u cao l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n trr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean khai ph\u00e1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean trinh s\u00e1t doanh nghi\u1ec7p. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u0103m d\u00f2 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 kh\u00f3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec n\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t b\u1ea9y n\u0103m kinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp, l\u01b0u gi\u1eef v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh th\u00f4ng tin h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng tin d\u00f9ng CNTT kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 (d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng ti\u1ebfn ho\u00e1 th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean gia v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u00e0nh th\u00f4ng tin h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u01a1ng cao nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p CNTT v\u00ec n\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m kinh nghi\u1ec7m. C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 tri th\u1ee9c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea m\u1ea1nh. \u0110a s\u1ed1 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec1u xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch trinh s\u00e1t doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Industry hiring trend 2012-2018<\/p>\n

According to an industry research, Information Technology (IT) hiring for the next five years will come predominantly from Asia because it can produce more IT skilled graduates to meet industry needs than the U.S. or Europe. It is estimated that in the next five years, the IT industry will create additional 4.5 million IT jobs, of these approximately 3 million workers will be hired from Asia. However, due to the limited immigration policy, software companies cannot bring all of them to the U.S. or Europe so many companies will have to open development facilities in those countries where IT skills are plentiful and most future works will be distributed among several teams in different time zones.<\/p>\n

According to the research, every IT job in Asia will create employment for at least eight people outside of IT, a total of 24 additional million jobs could be created in Asia and there will be a competition among countries on where development centers will be established. The key determination of locations will be made based solely on the education system and the capabilities of their IT workers. A software executive said: \u201cThis is a time of accelerating educational change. Countries must determine if their\u00a0current IT education could support the global need or not. Governments and educators\u00a0must lead this change aggressively because we are quickly moving into the next phase of computing where cloud computing, mobile, social networks, and big data are the major elements.\u201d<\/p>\n

According to the research, cloud computing will be the foundation of most future IT work. With future workforce to use smart phone, software development will be concentrating on mobile and tablet platforms. Mobile will be the point of entry for all future applications. Social computing is also moving quickly to be the core of many business operations. It will change management from hierarchical structures and defined functional teams to flat structure that cross organizational boundary where developers, customers, users are using social computing to collaborate, exchange of information and provide feedback. With the extensively use of IT in almost every business, companies will have a better way to make decision quickly, and discover new opportunities to optimize the business. With so many data available (Big data) there will be a huge need for data analysis, data storage, and data organization to turn them into meaningful information. This will accelerate growth in the global economy and create more IT jobs.<\/p>\n

Global software development by distributed teams is not new but with the increasing use of IT all over the world, more and more companies will have to move quickly into this approach. By develop software 24 hours and 7 days a week, companies can get software product to the market faster. In this information age, speed is the rule. The faster you can get to the market, the better you can capture it, and capturing the market is the main advantage in doing business in this global competitive market. Therefore, teamwork and foreign language (English) will be the key requirements for employment beside technical skills.<\/p>\n

The research found that 65% of IT companies are planning to open offshore development centers with IBM, Microsoft and Google leading the pact with a combination of over hundred offshore development centers in the next five years. An executive said: \u201cWhen you look at the market trend, IT is the top two or three industries that are still growing. IT drives most of what business does, from productivity to communication to improving speed to making better business decisions. As every company is investing more in IT, they need workers but currently they cannot find enough of them in the U.S or Europe so hiring IT workers in other countries and open development centers there is a logical solution. The basic skills that they are looking for is programming and application development. Since software development is getting larger and more complex, companies will need workers with at least college degrees in Computer Science, Software Engineering and Information System Managements.\u201d<\/p>\n

Currently software development is the most urgent needs because it is the foundation of all IT works. All companies need developers to create new applications using the latest technology. The basic skills are Java, C++, J2EE and Dot net. As more business are using of smartphones and tablets, global companies are looking to hire a lot of software developers who can also handle the demands related to these devices. The basic skills are Java, Objective C, C++, IOS, Android and Window 8. In addition to technical skills, soft-skills such as teamwork, communication in English language are required.<\/p>\n

As software development will be done by distributing teams, the next important skill that companies need is software project management. An executive explained: \u201cThe ongoing need for more software developers also creates a need for local project management skills. More projects mean more project managers, and there is a big difference between a project manager and a software project managers so we will pay closely that the experience as well as qualification because projects are growing larger, more complex as the connectivity between applications increases. We are willing to pay much more for successful candidates that have proven track records. They must be a leader, have very good command of English and have strong technical skills.<\/p>\n

As more companies are moving into the cloud, they all need cloud computing experts and service managers as it moves their data and works to external cloud service providers. The needed skills are focusing on the management aspect of technical works and knowledge on how to leverage company systems to work well with cloud computing companies. These best candidates must understand how to work well with external provider, negotiate contract, and service level agreements (SLAs), how to configure systems, how to negotiate contracts and to make sure that everything will work properly. The preferable degree would be someone who graduates in Information System management (ISM) with two years of experience in management of a data centers or a network system.<\/p>\n

Since software works will be done all over the world, security has became another major concern and demand for security professionals is growing as the task of protecting and safeguarding systems and data becomes increasingly complex. Today system and network security are taught mostly at the graduate level so a MS in computing security is essential to get jobs with these global companies. A qualified security specialist must have at least five years of software experience and an advanced degree in security. They must have expertise in deploying firewalls, threat detection tools, encryption technology and other security systems.<\/p>\n

Another key technical skills remain in high demand is database administrator, data analyst, data mining specialist and business intelligence specialist. These are the most sought after skills that are difficult to find as it requires a college degree in Information System Management, Compute Science and at least several years of working experiences in data center to manage the collection, storage backup and analyze data to turn into useful information.<\/p>\n

With more companies using IT the amount of data will be increasing significantly (Big data). This is a wide open area and quickly evolving into one of the top priorities for global companies. However getting the expertise to analyze and organize data into useful information is challenging. Big data is a top job with the highest salary in the IT industry since it requires many years of experience. The candidates must have both technical and business knowledge and strong statistical and mathematical backgrounds. A majority of people working in big data came from people who work as Data analysts, Database administration and Business Intelligence analysts.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Theo m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, vi\u1ec7c thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT) cho n\u0103m n\u0103m t\u1edbi s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 t\u1eeb … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-527","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/527","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=527"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/527\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":631,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/527\/revisions\/631"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=527"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=527"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=527"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}