M\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc sinh vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cSau khi \u0111\u1ecdc blog c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y v\u1ec1 robots v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 l\u1ea5y \u0111i vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, em lo ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a em. Em \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 em, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u0169ng lo ngh\u0129. Th\u1ea7y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc sinh trung h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 em l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai? M\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y? Xin th\u1ea7y l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean.\u201d<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p: L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1edbi v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng lo ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 em kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd l\u00e0 trong khu v\u1ef1c khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc (STEM), em n\u00ean l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c b\u00ean trong khu v\u1ef1c STEM \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt, em c\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n “k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m” nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5, trao \u0111\u1ed5i, tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y, l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, v.v. Trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 n\u00e0y, em c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfng Anh, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec. C\u00f3 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n
N\u1ebfu em nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, b\u1ea5t k\u00ec khi n\u00e0o ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 x\u1ea3y ra, n\u00f3 bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng g\u00e2y hoang mang, nh\u01b0ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, cho n\u00ean c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho h\u1ecdc sinh l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u cho ph\u00e9p em gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. L\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh, em kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean s\u1ee3 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e0 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111e do\u1ea1. Khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebft k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y, em s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi k\u0129 n\u0103ng trong khoa h\u1ecdc d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y, Internet m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n app di \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00e0 k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, v.v. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0: \u201cBao nhi\u00eau h\u1ecdc sinh bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y?\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cH\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111ang chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng?”<\/p>\n
L\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh trung h\u1ecdc, em ph\u1ea3i chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1eeb B\u00c2Y GI\u1edc \u0111\u1ec3 cho khi v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, em s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng r\u1ed3i. C\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111i. H\u1ecdc c\u00e1c m\u00f4n n\u00e0y b\u00e2y gi\u1edd s\u1ebd gi\u00fap em ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4n chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u khi em v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. \u1ede trung h\u1ecdc, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, em c\u0169ng n\u00ean h\u1ecdc m\u00f4n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00e1c, v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00ed v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4n STEM \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. N\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1eddng em c\u00f3 l\u1edbp m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, em n\u00ean h\u1ecdc m\u00f4n l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 Java hay C++ v\u00ec ng\u00e0y nay vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 l\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3.<\/p>\n
B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc th\u00eam c\u00e1c m\u00f4n khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u0103m d\u00f2 nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u01a1n v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. N\u1ebfu em bi\u1ebft ai \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 k\u0129 s\u01b0, nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecfi h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn th\u00eam v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e0 em mu\u1ed1n c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc. Tu\u1ef3 theo em quan t\u00e2m v\u00e0o l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0o nh\u1ea5t, em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u00eam v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd l\u00e0m v\u00e0 xem li\u1ec7u n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00fang cho em kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n
V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00fang ta g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i h\u00f4m nay l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y h\u1ecdc sinh hi\u1ec3u vai tr\u00f2 m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 gi\u1eef trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho n\u00f3. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111i theo “quan ni\u1ec7m c\u0169” v\u1ec1 v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, ch\u1ecdn b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u1ecd, ki\u1ebfm t\u1ea5m b\u1eb1ng r\u1ed3i t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u1ec1 sau thay v\u00ec l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd s\u1edbm h\u01a1n v\u00e0 th\u0103m d\u00f2 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho h\u1ecd l\u00e0 g\u00ec.<\/p>\n
T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fac ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn c\u00f4ng khai nghi\u00eam ch\u1ec9nh v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00ean l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng trong m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m t\u1edbi, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111ang m\u1edf ra \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecdc sinh trung h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho ch\u00fang. Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n thu l\u1ea1i k\u1ebd h\u1edf gi\u1eefa “ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cao” v\u00e0 “ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u00e9m gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c h\u01a1n,” gi\u1eefa “ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m” v\u00e0 “ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p,”\u00a0 gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i sau. Ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang s\u1ebd ng\u1ee5 \u00fd cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u00fang ta, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00fang ta, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i h\u00f4m nay m\u00e0 cho n\u0103m hay m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m n\u1eefa k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb gi\u1edd. Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n mang nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m n\u00e0y ra th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn c\u00f4ng khai v\u00ec ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u01b0u ti\u00ean cho ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u n\u1eefa, nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t v\u00ec con ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0n nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 ng\u00e0y nay. Nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edbi s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra, v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Preparation for the future<\/p>\n
A student wrote to me: \u201cAfter reading your blog about robots and automation take people\u2019s jobs. I am worried about my future. I talked about this to my friends, and they are worried too. What advice can you give to a high school student like me to find a good job in the future? What can a country do to avoid this? Please advise.\u201d<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Answer: My advice is to prepare for whatever may come and do not worry about something that you cannot control. Since many future jobs will be in science, technology, engineering, and math areas (STEM), you should select a field within the STEM areas to prepare for future jobs. Beside technical areas, you need to develop the \u201csoft skills\u201d such as teamwork, communication, presentation, leadership, etc. In this globalized market, you also need to know at least one foreign language such as English, regardless what your career may be. Having both technical and soft skills is the best thing you can do to get a good job.<\/p>\n
If you look back at history, whenever technology progress happened, it always caused confusions, but society always moved forward. Today there are many problems that can only be solved by advancing in technology, so the best way for students is to develop technology skills that allow you to solve these problems in the future. As students, you should not be afraid of technology but look at it as opportunities, not threats. When technology changes, many jobs will have to change and by knowing which skills are needed and focus on learning these skills; you will do well. For example, today there is a shortage of people with skills in data science, cloud computing, Internet of Things, mobile apps development, and software engineering, etc. My question are: \u201cHow many students know about this?\u201d and \u201cAre they preparing for such needs?<\/p>\n
As a high school student, you should prepare NOW so when going to college; you are ready. Try to take as many math and science courses as you can. Taking these courses now will help you to make progress on advanced courses when you go to college. In high school, besides the common algebra and geometry, you should also take calculus, trigonometry, and physics because these are the foundation for many STEM courses in college. If your school have computer classes, you should take programming courses such as Java or C++ because today coding is a necessary skill that everyone must have.<\/p>\n
By taking additional science, technology, engineering, and math courses, you can explore more opportunities and know how these fields have an impact on the world. If you know someone who works as an engineer, mathematician, scientist, or software developer, you may want to ask them for additional guidance about the career that you want to consider. Depending on which field interests you the most, you can contact people who are working in the field to find out more about what they do and see if it might be the right field for you.<\/p>\n
The problem we have today is not many students understand the role that technologies play in creating new opportunities and jobs and be able to prepare for it. Many continue to follow the \u201cold notion\u201d of going to college, select anything that suits them, get a degree then finding a job later instead of planning their career earlier and explore which is the best opportunity for them.<\/p>\n
I think it is the time that we need a serious public discussion about the impact of technologies on the workforce in the next ten years, and the opportunities that are opening up so high school and college students can prepare for them. We need to reduce the gap between the \u201chighly educated\u201d and the \u201cLesser educated,\u201d the \u201cEmployed\u201d and the \u201cUnemployed,\u201d\u00a0 those are benefiting from technology and those who are left behind. We have to look at the impact of globalization, the advance of technology and what they are going to mean to our people, our society, and our country, not today but five or\u00a0ten years from now. We need to bring these concerns to the public discussions because they have to be a priority issue for the governments and society. Soon, many jobs will disappear as people will not have the same jobs that we have today. But many new jobs will be created, and people will need the right training and the right education to seize these opportunities.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
M\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc sinh vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cSau khi \u0111\u1ecdc blog c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y v\u1ec1 robots v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 l\u1ea5y \u0111i vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, em … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5219","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5219","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5219"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5219\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5220,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5219\/revisions\/5220"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5219"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5219"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5219"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}