T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u emails t\u1eeb h\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean h\u1ecdc khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn li\u1ec7u h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t trong c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c STEM kh\u00f4ng. M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i h\u1ecdc sinh vi\u1ebft: \u201cTh\u1ea7y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129 em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh cho d\u00f9 em kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ecfi to\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng?\u201d \u201cEm kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh gi\u1ecfi \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc, em c\u1ea7n c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong STEM?\u201d<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho m\u1ecdi h\u1ecdc sinh ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn \u0111ang ho\u00e0i nghi v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd: \u201cN\u1ebfu c\u00e1c em mu\u1ed1n theo \u0111u\u1ed5i ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p trong STEM (khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc), th\u00ec ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c l\u1edbp n\u00e0y. Kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a em v\u00e0o v\u00e0 em s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 qua r\u1ed3i, v\u00e0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd em c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi em trong \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u1eebng nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eebng s\u1ee3. N\u1ebfu em \u0111\u01b0a n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0o h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, em s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u00e1ng s\u1ee7a ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc.\u201d<\/p>\n
T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft t\u1ea1i sao h\u1ecdc sinh s\u1ee3 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7? Hay lo ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh? D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn chung r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng minh nh\u1ea5t m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 kh\u00f3. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ee3 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c l\u1edbp n\u00e0y. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, d\u00f9 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Pascal, C, C++, hay Java, Python, v\u00e0 Ruby. T\u1eeb kinh nghi\u1ec7m d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecdc l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfng Anh hay ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p, hay ti\u1ebfng Trung Qu\u1ed1c, v.v th\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n
T\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng khuy\u00ean h\u1ecdc sinh: \u201cKhi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea1m sai l\u1ea7m, nhi\u1ec1u sai l\u1ea7m. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c em s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m n\u00e0y v\u00e0 kh\u00e1 l\u00ean theo th\u1eddi gian. C\u00e1c em kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n gi\u1ecfi nh\u01b0 ai \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c em bi\u1ebft v\u00ec m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc nhanh h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eafc c\u00e1c em \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian cho vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc. Kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh trong v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n cho n\u00ean c\u00e1c em ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn v\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n tin t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3. Th\u1ea7y ngh\u0129 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c em ngh\u0129 c\u00e1c em kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3, th\u00ec c\u00e1c em s\u1ebd t\u1eeb b\u1ecf khi \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Trong l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c em s\u1ebd l\u00e2m v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o c\u00e1c em c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0a n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0o v\u1edbi ni\u1ec1m tin r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3, c\u00e1c em s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t.\u201d<\/p>\n
Trong h\u1ecdc khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00e0ng hi\u1ec3u ch\u00fang r\u00f5 h\u01a1n, c\u00e0ng d\u1ec5 h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u h\u01a1n. Nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng t\u1ed1t th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 khi l\u1edbp \u0111i v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc sinh l\u00e0 d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ee5 th\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng trong v\u00e0i l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. T\u00f4i b\u1ea3o h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u1eebng nh\u1ea3y qua b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec hay v\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng \u0111i v\u00e0o trong b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n cho r\u00f5 cho d\u00f9 ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n
L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc qua h\u00e0nh. Kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch, m\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i vi\u1ebft m\u00e3. H\u1ecd c\u00e0ng vi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e3, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u00e0ng h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. \u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed1t, h\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ea7n vi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e3 r\u1ed3i s\u1eeda ch\u00fang cho t\u1edbi khi m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc sinh, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u g\u00e2y ra lo \u00e2u, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i. Bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, trong v\u00e0i b\u00e0i t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong l\u1edbp l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh khi h\u1ecdc sinh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u vi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, t\u00f4i bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng b\u01b0\u1edbc quanh l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi l\u00e0m d\u1ecbu \u0111i th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Vi\u1ec7c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch x\u1ea3y ra trong v\u00e0i l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh, cung c\u1ea5p c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 h\u1ecd ngay c\u1ea3 khi h\u1ecd ph\u1ea1m sai l\u1ea7m. Qua th\u1eed, sai v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i ngay l\u00e2p t\u1ee9c, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn h\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y t\u1ef1 tin \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n
V\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh, vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc nhanh nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c h\u1ecdc ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u cho n\u00ean nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ed9 trong kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc. Trong l\u1edbp l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, v\u00e0i b\u00e0i t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f3, v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh s\u1ebd nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i n\u00e0y v\u00e0 ho\u1ea3ng s\u1ee3, c\u1ee9 t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i tin t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o gi\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 thay v\u00ec ph\u1ea1t h\u1ecd v\u00ec sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o n\u00ean l\u1ea5y c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn kh\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i b\u00e0i t\u1eadp cho t\u1edbi khi h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. H\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i h\u01a1n khi h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t, cho d\u00f9 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1eddi khen nh\u1ecf t\u1eeb th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tin c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Studying Science and Technology<\/p>\n
I have received several emails from students asking for advice on studying science and technology. Many are not sure if they can do well in STEM areas. Several students wrote: \u201cDo you think I can study computer programming even if I am not good at math?\u201d \u201cI am not a good student in high school, what do I need to succeed in STEM?\u201d<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
I want to answer to all students who are still doubting their learning ability: \u201cIf you want to pursue a career in STEM (science, technology, Engineering, and Math), then go ahead and take these classes. Do not afraid, just put in your best efforts and you will do well. What happened in high school is gone, and now you have a chance to starting a new chapter of your lives in college. Do not look back and do not be afraid. If you put in the effort to study, you will have a bright future ahead.\u201d<\/p>\n
I do not know why students are afraid of science and technology? Or worry about programming classes? It seemed that there is a common view that only the smartest can learn science and technology and programming classes are difficult. I have taught programming for many years and had students who were afraid to take these classes. But in the end, all of them were doing well and master the programming language, whether it was Pascal, C, C++, or Java, Python, and Ruby. From my teaching experience, I can say that learning computer programming is similar to learning a foreign language. If they can learn English or French, or Chinese, etc. then they can learn computer programming.<\/p>\n
I often advised students: \u201cWhen starting out, everyone makes mistakes, a lot of mistakes. But you will learn from these mistakes and get better with time. You do not need to be good like somebody that you know because everybody is learning at a different pace, some faster than others, but make sure you take the time to learn. No one can learn to program in a few weeks so you must have patience and remain confident that you can do it. I think confidence is the most important factor in learning anything. If you do not think you can do it, then you will give up when facing a problem. In programming, you will run into many problems, but as long as you put in the effort with the belief that you can do it, you will do well.\u201d<\/p>\n
In learning science and technology, the fundamentals are the most important and the better you understand them, the easier it is to learn more advanced concepts. Students who do not build a good foundation, are often having a problem when the class goes into advanced materials. It is important for students to spend extra time to learn the fundamental materials in the first few classes. I told students not to skip anything or hurry into anything but make sure that they understand the fundamental concepts well even if it takes time.<\/p>\n
Computer programming is learning by doing. No one can learn just by reading books, but students must write the codes themselves. The more they write code, the better they will learn. To develop good programming skills, students need to write more code then modify them until everything works. For some students, the process of learning programming can be overwhelming causing anxiety, uncertainty, and even fear. Knowing this, during the first few exercises in programming class when students begin to write the first few lines of code, I always walk around the class to answer questions to ease their frustration. The encouragement that takes place in the first few classes can settle the students\u2019 fear, provides an opportunity for them to learn, and support them even when they make mistakes. Through trial, error and immediate feedback, most students feel confident to learn to program.<\/p>\n
For many students, learning is not immediate. Some learn fast but others much slower so the tempo in class should not be rigid. In programming class, the first few exercises always seem hard, and students will look at these errors and panic, thinking they cannot do well. That can change their confidence in their ability to learn. Good teachers should know this, and instead of punishing them for their mistakes, they should take a different approach by allowing them to redo the exercises until they learn from their mistakes. Students feel better when they receive some recognition for a good job, even a small compliment from teachers can improve their confidence in learning.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u emails t\u1eeb h\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean h\u1ecdc khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn li\u1ec7u … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5212","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5212","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5212"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5212\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5213,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5212\/revisions\/5213"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5212"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5212"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5212"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}