{"id":521,"date":"2013-06-20T21:46:20","date_gmt":"2013-06-20T14:46:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=521"},"modified":"2013-06-21T10:23:15","modified_gmt":"2013-06-21T03:23:15","slug":"cong-tac-cong-nghiep-va-dai-hoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=521","title":{"rendered":"C\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT) to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb 800,000 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n n\u0103m 1992 l\u00ean 15.5 tri\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n n\u0103m 2012. V\u1edbi m\u1ecdi th\u0103ng gi\u00e1ng trong su\u1ed1t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, CNTT v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p CNTT to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u s\u1ebd t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi 20 tri\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 2015 v\u00e0 30 tri\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc 2020 v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh d\u1eabn l\u00e1i then ch\u1ed1t cho t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Tuy nhi\u00ean ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m CNTT t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng c\u1eed nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 vi\u1ec7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u (th\u1ea1c s\u0129 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn s\u0129).<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o tri th\u1ee9c, th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p CNTT l\u00e0 t\u00ecm ra c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00fang. M\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng v\u00ec c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n. Ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm ra, thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t k\u0129 n\u0103ng s\u1ebd c\u00f2n m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m t\u1edbi. V\u1edbi suy tho\u00e1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u n\u01a1i th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p cao, nhu c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng CNTT m\u1edf ra c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi cho nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi th\u1ea5y s\u1ed1 ghi danh v\u00e0o khu v\u1ef1c CNTT \u0111ang t\u0103ng l\u00ean trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u1eabn thi\u1ebfu ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c t\u00edch c\u1ef1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. \u1ede c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho \u01b0u ti\u00ean cao nh\u01b0ng \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho \u01b0u ti\u00ean cao. L\u00ed do l\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ee9c kh\u1eafc l\u00ean kinh t\u1ebf khi so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho nhu c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, b\u00e1n l\u1ebb, vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng, ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v.v. B\u1eb1ng c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 cho khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o th\u00eam.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ee5t l\u1ea1i sau c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u00e2n qu\u0129 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00fang. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u1edf M\u0129 v\u00e0 T\u00e2y \u00c2u th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ng\u00e2n qu\u0129 t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng b\u1eaft l\u1ea5y nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u00ec ng\u00e2n qu\u0129 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u1edbi t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, h\u1ecd \u0111o th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd theo s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd d\u00e0i d\u00f2ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean kinh t\u1ebf. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ea1o ra tr\u00ean 10,000 ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 hay ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

Khi \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cao \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eafc c\u1ea7u qua l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng k\u0129 n\u0103ng. C\u00f3 v\u00e0i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 c\u00f3 \u00edch l\u1ee3i cao. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u00f9ng nhau t\u1ea1o ra ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn sinh vi\u00ean l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ngh\u1ec1 \u0111\u00fang; ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u00fap sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m; ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng; v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 sinh vi\u00ean n\u0103m th\u1ee9 ba th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00f4ng ti v\u00e0o h\u00e8 \u0111\u1ec3 thu l\u1ea5y kinh nghi\u1ec7m. Nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c-\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi li\u00ean quan, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 sinh vi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

Nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng CNTT to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m t\u1edbi. Thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi \u0111ang t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho sinh vi\u00ean, cho c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. \u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn n\u1edf hoa, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p – h\u00e0n l\u00e2m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 n\u00f3 n\u00ean b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Industry and university collaboration<\/p>\n

The global Information Technology (IT) industry has grown from 800,000 workers in 1992 to 15.5 million workers in 2012. With all the ups and downs throughout its short history, IT is still one of the fastest growing industries in the world. It is estimated that the global IT industry will grow to 20 million IT workers by 2015 and 30 million by 2020 and become the key driver for global economic growth. However most future IT jobs will require at least a Bachelor\u2019s degree as the minimum, some even require advanced degrees (MS and Ph.D).<\/p>\n

Being a knowledge-dependent area, the main challenge of IT industry is to find the right skilled workers. A recent industry study finds that because technology is changing faster than university can adjust their trainings, only a small portion of graduates have the skills needed by the industry. Unless solution can be found, the skills shortage will intensify in the next few years. With the global recession where unemployment is high, the need for more IT skilled workers opens an excellent opportunity for many college students. It is not surprising to see the number of enrollment into IT areas is increasing in recent years. However, the main issue is many universities are still lacking the proper training programs and qualified faculty. Therefore universities need to foster active partnerships between industries to improve its training program. In developed countries, research work is often given high priority but in developing countries, skills training should be given high priority. The reason is research is an investment for long term and do not have immediate impact to the economy as compare with develop skilled workers to meet industry needs that can help improve the economy. Skilled workers are needed to support the building blocks of modern society such as banking, retail, telecom, manufacturing etc. By closely collaborate with the industry, universities could provide practical training and work experiences to students so when graduate, they can be immediately put to work in industry without additional trainings.<\/p>\n

Today most developing countries lag behind developed countries in terms of university research because they do not have proper funding and training. On the contrary, universities in the U.S and Western Europe are successfully in research and innovations because they received most funding from the industry. For many years India and China have tried to catch up in research but did not make progress because their research funding came from the governments which measured their success by the number of lengthy paperwork and publications, but not on the impact to the economy. For example, China produces over 10,000 PhDs annually in technology and engineering but has not developed any important discovery or innovation.<\/p>\n

When university and industry collaborate, they can provide the right solutions to bridge the skill gap. There are several some programs I think are highly beneficial. For example, Industry and university have jointly create programs to guide students to select the right careers; programs to help students improving soft skills; programs to have industry people to lecture in universities on monthly basis; and program to have third and fourth-year students to work in company during the summer to gain experiences. Such programs can create a win-win situation for all stakeholders, including the students.<\/p>\n

The demand for a global IT workforce is expected to grow multi-fold over the next few years. The current shortage is getting worst and if universities could relook at their training programs and upgrade them to be attuned with industry needs then it will be beneficial for the students, the industry and the society. For innovation to flourish industry-academia interaction needs to be strengthened and it should start now to enhance the skills of the future generation.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT) to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb 800,000 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n n\u0103m 1992 l\u00ean 15.5 tri\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n n\u0103m 2012. … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-521","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-giao-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/521","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=521"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/521\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":583,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/521\/revisions\/583"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=521"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=521"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=521"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}