C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch \u0111o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u1ed7 nh\u1eefng k\u00ec thi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 hay s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc sinh t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi l\u00e0: \u201cNh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 h\u1ee3p th\u1ee9c khi h\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed7 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra nh\u01b0ng qu\u00ean m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 sau \u0111\u00f3? Li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c l\u00e0 c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng khi m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng?\u201d<\/p>\n
C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch \u0111o kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd; s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t (nh\u01b0, lo\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0o? L\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng?) v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 gi\u00f3ng th\u1eb3ng theo c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu m\u00e0 t\u00f4i coi l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft: Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 cao, chuy\u00ean t\u00e2m c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. Nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m sao b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c? Theo nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i v\u00e0o l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u1edf Ph\u1ea7n Lan b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i: \u201c\u1ede m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 “l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng” v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t nh\u01b0ng \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y (Ph\u1ea7n Lan) vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0o h\u1ecdc l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nh\u1ea5t v\u00ec l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t. Ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc sinh gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c.\u201d B\u1ea1n t\u00f4i, Ts. Siegfried Ericsson b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00f2n kh\u00f3 h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1eddng y. Ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc sinh gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh t\u00edch xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc. V\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed5i sang tr\u01b0\u1eddng y.<\/p>\n
C\u00f3 m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan m\u1ea1nh gi\u1eefa ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh m\u00e0 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb ngh\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 Ph\u1ea7n Lan, Thu\u1ef5 \u0110i\u1ec3n, Na Uy v\u00e0 Singapore, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y l\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 trong s\u1ed1 cao nh\u1ea5t. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed s\u1ed1ng. L\u00e0m sao th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y khi h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i lo ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 chu\u1ea9n s\u1ed1ng? L\u00e0m sao h\u1ecdc sinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng khi h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m th\u00eam vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm s\u1ed1ng? Trong c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ed3i, vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ngh\u1ec1 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n
V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn trong hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m qua. C\u00f3 h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c n\u01a1i c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia t\u1edbi v\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y m\u1ea5y h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ho\u00e1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 cho h\u1ecdc sinh truy nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o Internet. M\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 n\u01a1i ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 tin r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac nhi\u1ec1u v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cho vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 21, cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cung c\u1ea5p laptops v\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1ea3ng cho h\u1ecdc sinh tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 trung h\u1ecdc. K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti r\u1ea5t ca ng\u1ee3i, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng laptops v\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1ea3ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang ca ng\u1ee3i l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn l\u1edbn t\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Kh\u00f4ng may, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fa \u00fd t\u1edbi nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t nh\u1ea5t: Th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n
N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i, t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u1edf Mumbai. T\u00f4i n\u00eau ra nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y: \u201cH\u1ecdc sinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ee7 t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean t\u00e2m? Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ch\u01a1i tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i video thay v\u00ec h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng? \u0110\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta nghi\u00eam ch\u1ec9nh v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng cho th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o, hi\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edfng, v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u00ec c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra. Th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean t\u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m cho cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn cho ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.\u201d<\/p>\n
Sau b\u00e0i tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n t\u00f4i gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Ravi b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 quan ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n t\u1eeb ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e1y t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch b\u00e0i n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. Anh \u1ea5y n\u00f3i: \u201cH\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eddi th\u1ea7y cho b\u00e0i tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y v\u00ec h\u1ecd tin l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, th\u1ea7y s\u1ebd th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng mong \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u1ea7y n\u00f3i.\u201d T\u00f4i b\u1ea3o anh \u1ea5y: \u201cC\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y cho \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec1 d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y trong l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec1 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn, n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho ngh\u1ec1 d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn h\u01a1n. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00f2ng h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ph\u00ed ho\u00e0i.\u201d<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Education improvement<\/p>\n
There are many ways to measure the quality of an education but the common ways in some countries is the number of students passing certain tests or the number of students who graduated college. The questions are: \u201cAre these measures valid when students learn to pass tests but forget everything afterward? Is it possible for a quality education when graduates have degrees but not skills?\u201d<\/p>\n
There are other measurements such as The satisfaction of students with their professors and the school; the number of graduates having good jobs (i.e., what kind jobs? what salary? Are they relating to the field of study?) and the training program in alignment with industry and contribute to society. However, there is one missing factor which I considered necessary: The qualification and dedication of the teachers.<\/p>\n
A highly motivated, dedicated and competent teachers can make a difference in students\u2019 learning and improve the quality of education. But how do you train motivated and competent teachers? According to several studies, it depends a lot on the selection of students who enter the education fields. An education leader in Finland told me: \u201cIn some countries, education is considered an \u201ceasy field\u201d because the admission is not strict but in this country (Finland) it is one of the most challenging field to enter because selection is very strict. Only the best students can become teachers. We are building the entire future of our country based on the education system.\u201d My friend, Dr. Siegfried Ericsson told me that it was more difficult to get accepted into education school than medical school. Only the best students with excellent records are accepted into the teaching field. Since he did not get accepted to education school, he had to change to Medicine.<\/p>\n
There is a strong correlation between the quality of teaching with the financial reward teachers get from their profession. If you look at countries with the best education systems like Finland, Sweden, Norway and Singapore, you will find the salary of teachers are among the highest. The problem in many countries is the teachers\u2019 salary is not keep up with the cost of living. How could teachers devote their efforts to teach when they have to worry about the living standard? How could students look up to teachers as a role model when they have to work more than one job to make a living? In countries with the worst education system, teaching is not an attractive profession both financially and respectfully.<\/p>\n
The issue of improving the education system has been discussed for the past twenty years. There were thousands of education conferences where experts came and talked about how to implement the improvement, but I have not seen much actions. Recently, many countries begin to modernize their schools with information technology and gave students access to the Internet. One of them is India where the government believes that having more students exposed to technology, they could be readied for the jobs in the 21st century, so they have a plan to provide laptops and tablets to students in elementary and high school. The plan was highly praised by many companies, mostly electronics companies who build laptops and tablets as well as the news media as the great step forward to the future. Unfortunately, they did not pay attention to the most essential factor: The teachers.<\/p>\n
Last year, I was invited to give a presentation at an education conference in Mumbai. I raised these questions: \u201cWhat can students do with technology without qualified and dedicated teachers? Do we want our students to spend more time playing video games instead of studying? To improve the quality of the education system, everything must start with the teachers. If we are serious about improvement, we should use the money to raise the salary for teachers, school principals, and other educational personnel and upgrade their professional competency then improvement will happen. Knowledgeable, motivated and dedicated teachers can make many things happen if you make their lives comfortable so they can devote to their profession.\u201d<\/p>\n
After my presentation, my friend Professor Ravi told me some government officials and representatives from the computer industry did not like my talk. He said: \u201cThey invited you to give a presentation because they believe as a technology professor, you will promoting technology and their idea, but they did not expect what you have said.\u201d I told him: \u201cTechnology is important, but they are only the tools. You need the training to use the tools properly and that is why you need teachers. To improve the quality of education, the status of teaching profession must be upgraded by making classroom teaching an attractive profession comparable to another professional career. To start the improvement, your country needs to improve the teachers\u2019 salary to make the teaching profession more attractive. Without the teachers, computers, and expensive classroom equipment will go to waste.\u201d<\/p>\n
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C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch \u0111o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u1ed7 nh\u1eefng k\u00ec thi … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5177","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-giao-vien","category-xu-huong-toan-cau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5177","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5177"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5177\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5178,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5177\/revisions\/5178"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5177"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5177"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5177"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}