Steven Chang l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean trong l\u1edbp kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. Anh \u1ea5y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Carnegie Mellon \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1m \u01a1n t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o. T\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb anh \u1ea5y cho l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean v\u1edbi sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u anh \u1ea5y n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n
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\u201cKh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n, l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh mu\u1ed1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti. T\u00f4i ghi danh v\u00e0o l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 V\u0169 v\u00e0 theo c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i, \u0111i t\u1edbi \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec7n minh cho \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f3. T\u00f4i ch\u1eafc c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111ang l\u00e0m c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 v\u1eady trong l\u1edbp n\u00e0y. T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch n\u00f3 v\u00ec b\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed1t. \u0110\u1eebng ph\u1ea1m ph\u1ea3i sai l\u1ea7m \u0111\u00f3. T\u00f4i c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u0111\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1eb1ng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t. Nh\u01b0ng khi t\u00f4i n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, cho n\u00ean t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed5i sang \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1c. Sau nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng, nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, t\u00f4i \u0111i t\u1edbi \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n “theo v\u1ebft m\u1eaft” trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i \u1ea3o (VR) n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb VR. \u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i video cho n\u00ean v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn t\u1eeb gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 V\u0169, t\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i c\u00f9ng ba sinh vi\u00ean trong l\u1edbp.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u201cQu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 \u0111i l\u00e0m cho m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u00ec c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd d\u1eebng. B\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn trong ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c 14 t\u1edbi 16 gi\u1edd m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u1ec9 cu\u1ed1i tu\u1ea7n hay k\u00ec ngh\u1ec9. Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft n\u00f3 kh\u00f3 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o h\u1ecd ch\u01b0a tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m “th\u0103ng tr\u1ea7m” c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p. H\u00f4m nay n\u00f3 t\u1ed1t, h\u00f4m sau m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7. H\u00f4m nay ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u201cApple\u201d ti\u1ebfp th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i h\u00f4m sau ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1ea5t v\u1ea3 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00ec t\u00f4i d\u00e0nh m\u1ecdi th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c hay suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. L\u00e0 nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p, b\u1ea1n \u0111i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ngh\u0129 n\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u201cB\u1ea1n b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ng\u1ed1n h\u1ebft tr\u1ecdn, b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u00eam, v\u00e0 c\u1ee9 l\u00e0m n\u00f3 cho t\u1edbi khi b\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t s\u1ee9c v\u00e0 l\u0103n ra ng\u1ee7 tr\u00ean b\u00e0n. Gi\u00e2y ph\u00fat b\u1ea1n th\u1ee9c d\u1eady, b\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng. C\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 “l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ef1c \u0111oan”, nh\u01b0ng \u0111am m\u00ea c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n d\u1eabn b\u1ea1n t\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n tin v\u00e0o. B\u1ea1n g\u00e1i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i b\u1ecf t\u00f4i v\u00ec t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian cho c\u00f4 \u1ea5y. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i b\u1ecf sau s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng v\u00ec anh \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i thu\u00ea th\u00eam ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh n\u1eefa.\u00a0 Ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i h\u1ebft veo, t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i vay t\u1eeb b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh. C\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n bao nhi\u00eau ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam n\u1eefa. C\u00f3 l\u00fac t\u00f4i ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n th\u1ebf v\u00e0 ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi xo\u00e1 m\u1ecdi m\u00e3, ph\u00e1 hu\u1ef7 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 cho t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh “ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.” Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111am m\u00ea c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m gi\u1eef cho c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u201cSu\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p, t\u00f4i th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea7u c\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00ed th\u00fa, “t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt” m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9.\u00a0 T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 n\u00e0y. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ra ti\u1ec1n v\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u00f4i b\u1ecb ng\u1ed1n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 b\u1edfi d\u1eabn l\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch: \u201cl\u00e0m ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m VR t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.\u201d T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111am m\u00ea v\u1ec1 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i tin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u1ea1c quan, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i tin v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd KH\u00d4NG \u1edf l\u1ea1i m\u00e3i qua “th\u0103ng tr\u1ea7m” trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd t\u1eeb b\u1ecf gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00ec c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p KH\u00d4NG d\u00e0nh cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, KH\u00d4NG d\u00e0nh cho ai \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 tr\u00e1i tim y\u1ebfu, KH\u00d4NG d\u00e0nh cho ai \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ee3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 KH\u00d4NG d\u00e0nh cho ai \u0111\u00f3 ngh\u0129 c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 vui \u0111\u00f9a. C\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t trong sa m\u1ea1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc nhanh c\u00e1ch t\u00ecm ra n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u201cTrong c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p, m\u1ecdi \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec1u sai. Bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian l\u00e2u h\u01a1n b\u1ea1n tr\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee3i. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u00f3 trong n\u0103m th\u00e1ng, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t m\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e1ng. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n h\u1ee9a v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m trong m\u1ed9t n\u0103m, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t ba l\u1ea7n h\u01a1n.\u00a0 M\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 t\u1eeb x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0a n\u00f3 v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian l\u00e2u h\u01a1n b\u1ea1n ngh\u0129, cho n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1eddi h\u1ee9a m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 thu\u1eadt, ch\u00fang ta tin n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9, m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra, nh\u01b0ng trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng mong \u0111\u1ee3i. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb \u1ed1m hay quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eddi b\u1ecf c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m ho\u1ea1. C\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf, n\u0103m t\u1edbi m\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 hai hay ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecf \u0111i, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 20% hay 30% hay h\u01a1n trong l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 thu\u00ea nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho n\u00ean b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u1ec1 chi ti\u00eau. C\u00f3 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m sai l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ti, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 SAI ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. Kh\u00f4ng ai s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a b\u1ea1n ti\u1ec1n ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o b\u1ea1n ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh cho h\u1ecd r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n \u0111ang l\u00e0m ra ti\u1ec1n. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, \u0110\u1eeaNG mong \u0111\u1ee3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u201cNh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 l\u00e0 doanh nh\u00e2n, v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng tham lam. H\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd ngh\u0129 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho h\u1ecd thu l\u1ea1i g\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1ea1n. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng minh, ngay khi c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n sinh l\u1eddi, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf b\u1ea1n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e0 \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd n\u00f3i cho b\u1ea1n. Nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra cho Steve Jobs khi \u00f4ng \u1ea5y b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed5i kh\u1ecfi Apple. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i may m\u1eafn v\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i video v\u00e0 khi h\u1ecd th\u1ea5y s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng ti ch\u00fang t\u00f4i nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00edch l\u1ee3i l\u1eabn nhau cho c\u1ea3 hai, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n h\u1ecd t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u00e0o kinh doanh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, cho n\u00ean t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb hay b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng. C\u00f3 m\u1eb7t t\u00edch c\u1ef1c trong vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u00ec h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0 n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u201c\u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 g\u00ec, nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. Ng\u00e0y nay b\u1ea1n \u0111ang c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u1edbn, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ti, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt s\u00e2u. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra. M\u1ed9t khi b\u1ea1n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0m c\u00e1i g\u00ec, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n n\u00f3 nhanh nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea1n. Khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i cam k\u1ebft to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u1edbi n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 theo \u0111u\u1ed5i m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean t\u1eeb b\u1ecf, ngay c\u1ea3 khi \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i. B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ebfn d\u00e2ng m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, \u0111\u00f4i khi v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 v\u00ec b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1u ti\u1ebfng m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 b\u1ea9y ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n cho t\u1edbi khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb CMU \u0111\u00e3 cho t\u00f4i n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u1edbn nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc trong l\u1edbp n\u00e0y l\u00e0 v\u00f4 gi\u00e1. L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i: \u0110i theo ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn v\u00e0 m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t.\u201d<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Advice from a successful entrepreneur<\/p>\n
Steven Chang was a student in my entrepreneurship class. He started a successful company and returned to Carnegie Mellon to thank me for the training. I asked him to give advice to my students. Following was what he said:<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u201cNot long ago I was like you, Computer Science students who wanted to start a company. I enrolled in Professor Vu \u2019s class and followed the instructions to analyze the market, identify opportunities, came up with idea for a product and talked to potential customers to justify the idea. I am sure you are doing the same thing like that in this class. I know some may not like it because you think you have a good idea. Do not make that mistake. I had the same feeling several year ago that my idea was good. But when I talked to customers, I found that they did not like my idea, so I had to change to another idea. After several ideas, a lot of talks to customers, and many failures, I came up with a better idea to use \u201ceyes tracking\u201d algorithm in virtual reality (VR) devices where users can use their eyes to control the VR devices. This idea was accepted by several video game companies so with approval from Professor Vu, I started my company with three students in the class.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u201cRunning a startup is not the same as working for an established company because work never stops. You are constantly changing and adjusting to balance the work to meet the market demand. Most of us work 14 to 16 hours a day, there is no weekend or holiday. Many entrepreneurs do not know how difficult it is until they experience the \u201cup and down\u201d of the startup\u2019s world. One day it is good, the next day things go bad. One day we think we could be the next \u201cApple\u201d then the next day we feel we could bankrupt. I do not realize how hard all of us are working because I spend all my time working or thinking about our startup. As entrepreneurs, you enter an entirely different way of life with so many unexpected events that you never think it could happen.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u201c You are entirely consumed by your startup, you work day and night, and keep doing it until you exhausted and sleep on your desk. The minute you wake up, you continue to work nonstop. The startup is \u201cextreme work, \u201d but your passion drives you to create, to build, to develop something that you believe in. My girlfriend left me as I could not spend time with her. One of my co-founders left after six months because he could not handle the stress, and I had to hire three more programmers.\u00a0 My money ran out, I had to borrow from friends and family. There is a limit to how much you can take and you will get to the point when you cannot work anymore. There was a time I were so desperate and thought to delete every code, destroy everything that I did so I can become a \u201cnormal people.\u201d However, my passion for creating the product keep the startup going.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u201cThroughout all my time doing startup, I never even think about getting rich but only creating something exciting, a \u201cpiece of art\u201d that people will admire.\u00a0 All of my co-founders also have the same motivation. We never talk about making money as we are entirely consumed by our drive to achieve the goal: \u201cMaking the best VR product.\u201d We all passionate about working on something that is challenging and creative, something we believe could change the world. Of course, we are optimistic, but we believe in our goal. The fact is most people will NOT survive the \u201cup and down\u201d in the world of a startup. Many would abandon their dream. It is better that way because startup is NOT for everybody, NOT for someone who has a weak heart, NOT for someone who is afraid of failure, and NOT for someone who thinks startup is easy and fun. The best way to describe startup is like how to survive in a desert without water. You have to learn quickly how to find water else you will die.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u201cIn startup business, all estimates are wrong. It always takes longer than you expect. If you think you can do it\u00a0in five months, it will take ten months. If you promise customers that you can finish the product\u00a0in one year, it will take you three times more.\u00a0 Everything from building the product to take it to the market always takes much longer than you think, so be careful and not making a promise that you cannot keep. As technical people, we believe if we work hard, things will happen, but in reality, there are many issues that we do not expect. For example, people get sick or decide to leave the company could be a disaster. The startup is a small group, five to ten people, and two or three are leaving, that 20% or 30% or more of the workforce. You do not have enough money to hire more people so you must be careful about spending. There is a wrong notion that if you start a company, people will invest in and you will have money. That is completely WRONG. No one would give you money until you have something to prove to them that you are making money. Without a product and customers, do NOT expect to get funding from investors.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u201cInvestors are business people, and often greedy. They only invest in something that they think will get them many times in return. You cannot depend on them to fund and support you. If you are not smart enough, as soon as your company is profitable, they will take control of your company and eliminate you. That is the fact of startup that few people would tell you. Look at what happened to Steve Jobs when he got fired from Apple. We were lucky because we worked with several video game companies and when they saw our product, they invested in our company as partners. It was a mutual benefit for both, we have the technology that can support them, and we need them to integrate our product into their business, so I did not have to do marketing or sales. There is a positive side to having partnership with established company because they know the market, the customers, the users and what is hot and what is not.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u201cTo be a successful entrepreneur, you must have a vision of what the product is, but before that, you must have strong technical skills to know how to develop the product. Today you are competing with people all over the world, without a very broad technical skills to create great product, you will not succeed. My advice is if you want to start a company, you must begin with a deep technical skills. Everybody can dream but to make your dream become a reality requires skills and the determination to make it happens. One you decide what to do, you must implement it as quickly as possible else others may do the same before you. When starting a company, you must totally commit to it to pursue your dream. You should not give up, even when facing many obstacles. You must dedicate everything to your goals, sometimes at the cost to your relationships with friends because you must work tirelessly, at least sixteen-hour a day and seven-days a week until you achieve your goals What I have learned from CMU gave me the technical foundation to build a great product but what I have learned in this class is priceless. My advice: Follow the instruction and dream big, you will do well.\u201d<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Steven Chang l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean trong l\u1edbp kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. Anh \u1ea5y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Carnegie Mellon … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18,16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5167","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien","category-nha-doanh-nghiep"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5167","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5167"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5167\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5168,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5167\/revisions\/5168"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5167"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5167"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5167"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}