M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cEm ngh\u0129 robots c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y \u0111i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf M\u0129, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc em. Ch\u00fang em c\u00f3 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc em. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu chuy\u1ec7n l\u00e0 v\u1eady th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c an to\u00e0n nh\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u201d<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p: Robots v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o, b\u1ea5t k\u00ec l\u00fac n\u00e0o. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng b\u00e2y gi\u1edd, th\u00ec c\u0169ng s\u1edbm x\u1ea3y ra th\u00f4i. Khi n\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9g s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng c\u0169ng b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m.<\/p>\n
Ng\u00e0y nay robot th\u00f4ng minh v\u1edbi tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng. Nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 “an to\u00e0n” v\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1edd \u0111ang b\u1ecb thay th\u1ebf nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfp t\u00e2n, th\u01b0 k\u00ed, ng\u01b0\u1eddi phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch, ph\u00f3ng vi\u00ean, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch.\u00a0 T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m ho\u1ea1. Khi xe t\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf 6.8 tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Khi xe h\u01a1i t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i l\u00e0 s\u1eb5n c\u00f3, nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i x\u1ebf taxi s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m.\u00a0 Khi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap \u1ea3o hi\u1ec3u ti\u1ebfng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t \u0111i. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t th\u00eam v\u00e0i n\u0103m n\u1eefa m\u1edbi x\u1ea3y ra trong n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea1n, nh\u01b0ng s\u1edbm hay mu\u1ed9n, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra v\u00ec t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 l\u00e0 nhanh h\u01a1n, t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 r\u1ebb h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n
Thay v\u00ec h\u1ecfi khi n\u00e0o t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean h\u1ecfi b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y. L\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean, l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 cho b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thay v\u00ec cho ph\u00e9p n\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean b\u1ea1n. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tri th\u1ee9c s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ecdi thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y. Trong m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m qua, Khoa h\u1ecdc, C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc (STEM) \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 then ch\u1ed1t trong gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c M\u0129. T\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc t\u1edbi trung h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho h\u1ecdc sinh v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn n\u00e0y, cho n\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1eabn \u0111i theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o vi\u1ebft, \u0111\u1ecdc, ghi nh\u1edb, khoa h\u1ecdc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc. Khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh, v\u00e0 khi m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb1ng sau v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng m\u1ea5y ch\u1ed1c m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi h\u1ecdc sinh s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi logic v\u00e0 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn, d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn th\u00f3i quen h\u1ecdc c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi, ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi v\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n v\u00e0 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m n\u1ea3y sinh nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 to\u1ea3n th\u1ec3 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n
M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u robots \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng th\u00f4ng minh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec1u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0ng robots \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao \u00edt nh\u1ea5t bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0i b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u00fang.\u00a0 V\u00e0 t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 an to\u00e0n trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m an to\u00e0n h\u1ecdc STEM B\u00c2Y GI\u1edc \u0111i.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
The “Safe” jobs<\/p>\n
A student wrote to me: \u201cI think robots may take jobs of people in the U.S., but it will not happen in my country. We have low-cost labors for manufacturing factories, and foreign companies are still investing in my country. But if it does what is the safest job to have? \u201d<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Answer: Robots and automation can happen at any places, and anytime. If not now, then soon. When it happens, many labor workers will lose their jobs because they cannot compete with a much lower cost of automation. However, it is not just labor workers will lose jobs but office workers too.<\/p>\n
Today smart robots with artificial intelligence software are taking over many jobs in the office. Many jobs were considered \u201csafe\u201d a few years ago are now being replaced such as receptionist, secretary, translator,\u00a0 reporter, and analyst.\u00a0 The impact to the economy could be disastrous. When self-driving trucks are being used, it could displace 6.8 million jobs all over the world. When self-driving cars are available, many taxi drivers will not have a job.\u00a0 When virtual assistants software who understand human voice and can translate many languages, millions of office administration jobs and translating jobs will be gone. It may take few more years to happen in your country, but sooner or later, it will happen because automation is faster, better, and cheaper.<\/p>\n
Instead of asking when automation will happen, you should ask what you must do to survive in this changing time. As a student, my advice is to learn more about technology so you can control and manage the technology instead of allowing it to impact you. You need to develop a deeper knowledge of science and technology by reading more, learning more to stay ahead of all these changes. In the past ten years, Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM) have been the key focuses in the U.S. education. From elementary to high schools and colleges, more courses are being developed in these areas to prepare students for the changes. However, many countries have not adopted this view, so their education system is still following the tradition of placing emphasis on writing, reading, memorization, basic science and math. When technology changes, it will change fast, and when a country is not prepared to deal with these issues, they may be left behind and not be able to catch up.<\/p>\n
This is a serious issue because soon\u00a0 every country will need workers who have knowledge and skills to build products and solve problems. That means all students will have to change the way they study by learning to solve problems with logic and reason, using the scientific methods and adopt a lifelong learning habit to keep up with all changes. Currently, we are seeing an explosion of new technologies and new knowledge that will impact many things. This will create a lot of confusions and ambiguity and often results in serious situations that may disrupt the entire economy and society.<\/p>\n
Although robots are getting smarter and can take over many activities but robots are created by people and educated people with high skills will always be at least a few steps ahead to control them.\u00a0 And of course,\u00a0 their jobs are safe for a long time. If you want a safe job, study STEM NOW.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cEm ngh\u0129 robots c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y \u0111i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf M\u0129, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5158","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5158","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5158"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5158\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5159,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5158\/revisions\/5159"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5158"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5158"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5158"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}