\u0110\u1ebfn l\u00fac v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u h\u1ecd c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc Khoa h\u1ecdc, C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc (STEM) hay kh\u00f4ng. Cho d\u00f9 h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o h\u1ecd ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1nh v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho h\u1ecd h\u00e1o h\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5.<\/p>\n
Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y STEM c\u1ee7a Carnegie Mellon, tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 v\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y chi\u1ebfc xe \u00f4 t\u00f4 “t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i” \u0111i t\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc \u1edf Pittsburgh. Khi h\u1ecdc sinh t\u1ee5 t\u1eadp quanh xe, t\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cM\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00e1c em l\u00e0m l\u00e0 nh\u1ea5n n\u00fat th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i c\u00e1c em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1ed3i trong xe \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch, l\u00e0m b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0, g\u1eedi tin nh\u1eafn cho b\u1ea1n, xem phim v\u00e0 xe bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c em v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0. Bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong c\u00e1c em mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfc xe nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y?\u201d T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u1ec1u th\u00edch c\u00f3 xe kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i. Th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i t\u00f4i h\u1ecfi: \u201cC\u00e1c em c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft l\u00e0m sao xe t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 l\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c?\u201d M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc sinh tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: \u201cXe c\u00f3 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (AI) trong n\u00f3.\u201d T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi: \u201cAI l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?\u201d Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi. T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi: \u201cBao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong c\u00e1c em \u0111\u00e3 xem phim \u201cThe Terminator?\u201d T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u c\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 gi\u01a1 tay. T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi: \u201cC\u00e1c em c\u00f3 cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 robot th\u00f4ng minh v\u1edbi tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o nh\u01b0 “Terminator” kh\u00f4ng? Nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh c\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i: \u201cCh\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e2u.\u201d T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cCh\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u01b0a \u0111i t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra. Ng\u00e0y nay AI \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd c\u00e1c em th\u1ea5y xe t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i n\u00e0y; c\u00e1c em c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng nh\u00e0 c\u00e1c em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 th\u00f4ng minh. N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i, c\u00e1c em \u0111\u00e3 xem tr\u00ean ti vi r\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y IBM Watson (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1ea1i CMU) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong “tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i Jeopardy.\u201d Ng\u00e0y nay Watson \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb; n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n y t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 khuy\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. C\u00e1c em c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m AI \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t robot v\u00e0 xe h\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng?”<\/p>\n
V\u00ec ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i h\u1ecdc sinh d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 quan t\u00e2m, s\u1ed1 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u1ef1. T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cTh\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eb1ng trong n\u0103m n\u0103m t\u1edbi, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 trong c\u00e1c em mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t r\u1ed3i v\u00ec robot th\u00f4ng minh \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng cho m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 trong c\u00e1c em \u0111ang l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u0111ang l\u1ea5y \u0111i ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 n\u1eefa. C\u00e1c em s\u1ebd l\u00e0m g\u00ec? Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 AI \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn ho\u00e1 nhanh h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng trong xe \u00f4 t\u00f4 t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i v\u00e0 xe t\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i, v\u00e0 robot th\u00f4ng minh c\u00f3 \u1edf m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i. Ch\u1eb3ng bao l\u00e2u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 trong m\u1ecdi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c. L\u00e0m sao c\u00e1c em c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi robot th\u00f4ng minh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c su\u1ed1t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec9? C\u00e1c em s\u1ebd l\u00e0m g\u00ec? C\u00e1c em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3u vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec khi c\u00e1c em t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc?<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ebfn l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u00f4i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c: \u201cN\u1ebfu c\u00e1c em \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e1o trong v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y qua, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u00e1c em bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng trong n\u0103m n\u0103m t\u1edbi, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y \u1edf M\u0129 s\u1ebd d\u00f9ng m\u00e1i pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sinh ra \u0111i\u1ec7n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u Elon Musk \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh xe t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i Tesla. Ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang n\u00f3i h\u00f4m nay, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1edfi h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn, \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi, v\u00e0 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sang m\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfp. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c em kh\u00f4ng n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y, khi n\u00e0o c\u00e1c em s\u1ebd n\u1eafm?\u201d<\/p>\n
D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc sinh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u suy ngh\u0129 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nghi\u00eam ch\u1ec9nh v\u1ec1 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. T\u00f4i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c: \u201cTh\u1ea7y bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong c\u00e1c em \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ea7y ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac c\u00e1c em t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c em s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ng\u00e0y nay v\u00ec c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c em nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i, ba m\u01b0\u01a1i hay b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c em c\u00f3 cho r\u1eb1ng b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 c\u00e1c em s\u1ebd t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 iPhones hay iPads kh\u00f4ng?\u00a0 N\u1ebfu ai \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3i m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh ti vi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1eb3ng, h\u1ecd ch\u1eafc s\u1ebd c\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 n\u00f3i \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd c\u00e1c em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai g\u1ea7n v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m v\u00e0o l\u00fac m\u00ecnh t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 g\u00ec? M\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p k\u00e9o d\u00e0i c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi? Li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 s\u1edbm \u0111\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 n\u00f3 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd kh\u00f4ng? C\u00e1c em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee3i cho t\u1edbi khi m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 x\u1ea3y ra kh\u00f4ng? C\u00e1c em c\u00f3 n\u00ean chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1eeb b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c em s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng?”<\/p>\n
Nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh g\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd. T\u00f4i n\u00f3i: \u201cTh\u1ea7y ngh\u0129 c\u00e1c em n\u00ean c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p trong STEM v\u00ec ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn STEM h\u01a1n ng\u00e0y nay. C\u00e1c em c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m STEM \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean b\u1ed1n l\u1ea7n nhanh h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u00ec vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c trong m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m qua kh\u00f4ng? C\u00e1c em c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m STEM tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng cao h\u01a1n 30% so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng v\u00ec c\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng STEM? Theo v\u00e0i kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 tr\u00ean n\u1eeda tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed7i n\u0103m trong n\u0103m n\u0103m t\u1edbi. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c em b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp trong khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc trong \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, th\u00ec c\u00e1c em s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong c\u00e1c em s\u1ebd l\u00e0 phi h\u00e0nh gia t\u1edbi sao Ho\u1ea3 ch\u0103ng? Theo Elon Musk, ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng xe \u0111i\u1ec7n Tesla v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp t\u1ec9 ph\u00fa c\u1ee7a t\u00ean l\u1eeda SpaceX, \u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u0111ang l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t t\u00ean l\u1eeda l\u00ean sao Ho\u1ea3, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 di\u1ec5n ra t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p, phi h\u00e0nh gia \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00ean sao Ho\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea5t c\u00e1nh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2024.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u201cTh\u1ea7y bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u00e0 c\u00e1c em ph\u1ea3i n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y. Th\u1ea7y bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 trong c\u00e1c em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng STEM KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 v\u00e0 th\u1ea7y s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi c\u00e1c em. Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, nh\u00e2n v\u0103n, lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p, kinh doanh, v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang n\u1eefa v\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn k\u00ec di\u1ec7u h\u01a1n. C\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, kinh doanh v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00ec ng\u00e0y nay nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4 l\u1eadp m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhau. T\u00ednh li\u00ean ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn m\u1edbi, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c em ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9. M\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7, nh\u01b0ng khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, v\u1edbi \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, v\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n v\u0103n th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p s\u1ebd l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c em x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc khi c\u00e1c em v\u1eabn c\u00f2n trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc, th\u1ea7y tin t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c em s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.\u201d<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Teaching STEM part 4: MeetingHigh school students<\/p>\n
By the time go to college, most students already decide whether they will study Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM) or not. Even they know about the job market\u2019s needs, but many are not sure unless they have a strong foundation of science and math. It is important to get them excite about science and technology as early as possible, but it is not easy.<\/p>\n
As part of the STEM promotion program of Carnegie Mellon, last week several professors and I took a \u201cself-driving\u201d car to high schools in Pittsburgh. As student gathered around the car, I explained: \u201cAll you do is push a button then you can sit in the car to read books, do homework, text your friends, watch movies and the car knows how to take you home. How many of you would like a car like this?\u201d Of course, students would love to have a driverless car. Then I asked: \u201cDo you know how do the car drive itself?\u201d Some students answered: \u201cThe car has computer and artificial intelligence (AI) software in it.\u201d I asked: \u201cHow does AI work?\u201d Most did not answer. I asked: \u201cHow many of you have seen the movie \u201cThe Terminator?\u201d Of course, they all laughed and raised their hand. I asked: \u201cDo you think it is possible to have smart robots with artificial intelligence like the\u201d Terminator\u201d? Many students laughed, and some said: \u201cNot yet.\u201d I explained: \u201cWe may not get to that point yet, but it will happen. Today AI already changed many things in industries. Now you see this self-driving car; you also know that your house can be transformed into a smart-house. Last year, you saw on TV that the IBM Watson (Created at CMU) already defeated people in the \u201cJeopardy games.\u201d Today Watson is being used to answer questions about health care; it can read millions of medical hospital\u2019s files to recommend doctors how to treat patients. Are you ready to learn how to build AI software to control robots and cars?<\/p>\n
Since only a few students seemed interested, the rest still hesitated. I explained: \u201cOK, imagine that in the next few years, some of you want to work in factories but most human manufactory jobs are gone because intelligent robots are being used for all of the jobs. Some of you are planning to work in offices, but artificial intelligence automation software are taking most of the jobs there too. What would you do? Today AI technology is evolving faster than you can imagine, evidence in self-driving cars and self-driving trucks, and smart robots everywhere. Soon this technology will explode in every field. How do you compete with smart robots who can work all days and all night without rest? What would you do? What type of jobs could you have when you graduate from college?<\/p>\n
By that time, many students began to feel uncomfortable about their future prospect. I continued: \u201cIf you read the newspapers in the past few days, you probably know that in the next five years, many houses built in the U.S. will use solar roofs that can generate its electricity. This is what Elon Musk is developing beside his self-driving Tesla. Even as we are talking today, technology is changing by thousands of startups developing innovations, new ideas, and changing our future. All over the world, there are thousands of people who are working to push the boundary of science and technology to the next level. If you do not seize the opportunity now, when will you?\u201d<\/p>\n
It seemed students begin to think seriously about my question. I continued: \u201cI know that many of you have not thought about choosing the field of study in college, but I am sure by that time you graduate from college, most of you will not have the same jobs like what people have today because technology changes everything. If you look back, thirty or forty years ago, do you think your parents would imagine that there are things like iPhones or iPads?\u00a0 If somebody said the TV screen could be flat, they would probably laugh and said it is impossible. Now you can look into the near future and ask yourself what types of job can I do by the time I graduate from college? What do I need to learn to ensure that I will have a career that lasts a long time? Is it too early to think about it now? Can you wait until things happen? Should you prepare now so your future will be guaranteed?<\/p>\n
Many students nodded their head in agreement. I said: \u201cI think you should consider a career in STEM because there has never been a better time to choose STEM than today. Do you know that STEM jobs have been growing four times faster than any other jobs in the past ten years? Do you know that most STEM jobs pay 30% higher than others because there is a critical shortage of people with STEM skills? According to several studies, there will be over half million new jobs created each year in the next five years. If you start to learn about science and math to build a strong foundation in high school and select a field of study in science, technology, engineering and math in college, then you will do well. Maybe some of you will be the first astronauts to go to Mars? According to Elon Musk, builder of the Tesla electric vehicle and billionaire founder of SpaceX rocket, he is planning to build a rocket to Mars, and if everything goes well, the first astronauts to Mars could take off in 2024.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u201cI know it might be uncomfortable to know that there will be changes in the future but this is also the opportunity that you have to seize it. I know some of you may say that STEM is NOT everything and I will agree with you. We need other skills such as music, humanity, laws, business, and arts. But technology will change them too as it will be integrated into other fields to create more wonderful innovations. There are technologies being used in arts, music, business and social science because today many fields are no longer stand as an isolated field but integrated with others. This inter-disciplines is the new way of innovation, but you must start with technology first, as it is the foundation of many things. Technology alone is not enough, but when it is integrated with arts, with music, with social and humanities then the combination will change many things, and this is the future. But if you build a strong foundation when you are still in high school, I am confident that you will get a good chance to build a better career in the future.\u201d<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0110\u1ebfn l\u00fac v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u h\u1ecd c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc Khoa h\u1ecdc, C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5073","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5073","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5073"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5073\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5074,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5073\/revisions\/5074"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5073"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5073"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5073"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}