Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd KH\u00d4NG l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng minh nh\u1ea5t hay l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt li\u00ean t\u1ee5c k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. V\u00ec tri th\u1ee9c \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng, h\u1ecdc sinh ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng theo k\u1ecbp, ngh\u0129 r\u1ed9ng, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u00e2u v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 gi\u1eef t\u00e2m tr\u00ed m\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc. Kh\u00f4ng may l\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Internet v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u01a1i th\u00f4ng tin l\u00e0 s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00fa nh\u1ea5n n\u00fat, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc th\u1ea1o v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc li\u00ean t\u1ee5c l\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3.<\/p>\n
V\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi d\u1ea1y \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 cho h\u1ecdc sinh b\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u1edbi l\u1edbp. T\u00f4i ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean v\u00ec \u00edt h\u1ecdc sinh th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ecdc ch\u00fang v\u00ec h\u1ecd quen \u0111\u1ee3i th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ecdc n\u00f3 cho h\u1ecd trong l\u1edbp. Khi t\u00f4i nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u1edbi l\u1edbp, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n: \u201c\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc d\u00e0i h\u01a1n ch\u1ee5c trang.\u201d V\u1ec1 sau khi t\u00f4i h\u1ecfi: \u201cC\u00e1c em \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc bao nhi\u00eau b\u00e0i b\u00e1o k\u0129 thu\u1eadt m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n?” H\u1ecd ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecfi: \u201cCh\u00fang em m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i b\u00e1o sao?\u201d M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u00e0 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng d\u1ea1y ng\u00e0y nay nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecdc sinh ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00f3i quen \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ea1nh tranh n\u00e0y. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi. H\u1ecd KH\u00d4NG ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ecdc tin t\u1ee9c, t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed, blogs v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i b\u00e1o tr\u00ean internet.<\/p>\n
Ngay c\u1ea3 sau t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ng\u1eebng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng cho h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, gi\u1eef t\u00e2m tr\u00ed m\u1edf, li\u00ean t\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc. Ng\u00e0y nay thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra nhanh h\u01a1n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecdc th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd b\u1ecb t\u1ee5t l\u1ea1i sau. Trong Th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i Th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y, n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c Khoa h\u1ecdc, C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc (STEM ). Theo nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf, t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai trong n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m t\u1edbi g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb, nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng trong c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n
M\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c l\u00ed do \u00edt h\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ecdc STEM l\u00e0 v\u00ec h\u1ecd s\u1ee3 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng t\u1ed1t \u1edf trung h\u1ecdc. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean “ghi nh\u1edb” kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0 duy m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch logic v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m sao b\u1ea1n d\u1ea1y STEM cho h\u1ecdc sinh khi h\u1ecd c\u00f2n tr\u1ebb \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n?<\/p>\n
M\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00f4i d\u1ea1y Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, b\u1ea1n t\u00f4i Ravi \u0111\u00e3 chia s\u1ebb cho t\u00f4i n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a anh \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ea5t ngh\u00e8o. M\u1ed7i tu\u1ea7n, anh \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0a n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i h\u1ecdc sinh tr\u1ebb, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng trong khu \u1ed5 chu\u1ed9t t\u1edbi Infosys, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u1edbn. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, anh \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0a h\u1ecd t\u1edbi ga ra \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1eefng xe \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 n\u00f3i: \u201cNh\u00ecn nh\u1eefng xe Lexus, Mercedes, v\u00e0 BMW \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng xe c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.\u201d Th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i anh \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0a h\u1ecd t\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ho\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o h\u1ecd: \u201c\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 b\u00e0n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.\u201d Th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i anh \u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 cho h\u1ecd ph\u00f2ng \u0103n v\u00e0 n\u00f3i: \u201cNh\u00ecn ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea7y th\u1ee9c \u0103n ngon, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0103n tr\u01b0a v\u00e0 \u0103n t\u1ed1i.\u201d Th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i anh \u1ea5y b\u1ea3o h\u1ecd \u0111o\u00e1n xem nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao nhi\u00eau ti\u1ec1n. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec h\u1ecd s\u1ed1ng trong khu nh\u00e0 \u1ed5 chu\u1ed9t, gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc l\u00e0m ki\u1ebfm s\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 b\u1ecf \u0111i trong \u0111\u1ed1ng r\u00e1c v\u00e0 l\u00e0m qu\u00e3ng $20 m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n. Khi h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m n\u00e0y l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c $400 m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n, h\u1ecd cho\u00e1ng. Th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i Ravi n\u00f3i: \u201cC\u00e1c em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ecd n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c em h\u1ecdc khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. Nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, c\u00e1c em c\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho thanh ni\u00ean nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c em, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c em kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n.\u201d M\u00f4n h\u1ecdc l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a anh \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean 20,000 h\u1ecdc sinh ngh\u00e8o m\u1ed7i n\u0103m. Anh \u1ea5y n\u00f3i: \u201cH\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. H\u1ecd bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n tho\u00e1t ngh\u00e8o b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ecdn 10% c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc sinh h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 g\u1eedi h\u1ecd v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. S\u1ed1 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u00ea l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, ki\u1ebfm $100 m\u1ed7i tu\u1ea7n. Cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong \u0111\u1ed1ng r\u00e1c v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng trong khu nh\u00e0 \u1ed5 chu\u1ed9t n\u1eefa. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho nhu c\u1ea7u to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft vi\u1ec7c th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y hi v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.\u201d<\/p>\n
T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 STEM; ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap h\u1ecd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1nh TR\u01af\u1edaC KHI h\u1ecd v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. V\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eed \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111i t\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc; t\u00f4i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc sinh li\u1ec7u h\u1ecd c\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n ch\u01a1i v\u1edbi robot kh\u00f4ng. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf th\u00edch robots, cho n\u00ean t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 cho ch\u00fang ch\u01a1i v\u1edbi robots m\u1ed9t l\u00fac cho t\u1edbi khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecfi: \u201cNh\u1eefng robot n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec?\u201d T\u00f4i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: \u201cCh\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c em ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang l\u00e0m.\u201d C\u1ea3 l\u1edbp h\u00e1o h\u1ee9c: \u201cL\u00e0m sao ch\u00fang con b\u1ea3o robots l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nghe \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang ta?\u201d T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cRobot kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c em ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o c\u00e1c em ch\u01b0a l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh cho ch\u00fang. C\u00e1c em c\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang l\u00e0m b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u00e1c em b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang l\u00e0m kh\u00f4ng?\u201d \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1ea1y cho tr\u1ebb ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh cho robot Lego Mindstorms. Tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf t\u00f2 m\u00f2, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang th\u00edch c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang h\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Trong v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng tr\u1ebb 8 t\u1edbi 12 tu\u1ed5i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc vi\u1ebft ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u01a1i v\u1edbi robots. Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc m\u00f9a h\u00e8 ng\u1eafn cho c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 d\u1ea1y tr\u1ebb em l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh. M\u1ed7i n\u0103m h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o t\u1edbi Carnegie Mellon trong m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc d\u1ea1y l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh cho robot. Ng\u00e0y nay \u201ctr\u1ea1i Robots\u201d \u0111ang lan r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc \u1edf M\u0129 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean quan ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n n\u00e0y. Qua th\u1eddi gian m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 huynh tham gia, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee9c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y. \u0110\u1ebfn l\u00fac nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb n\u00e0y v\u00e0o trung h\u1ecdc, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn trong ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh trong Java v\u00e0 C++ v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cho c\u00e1c th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Teaching STEM<\/p>\n
The most successful people in the future will NOT be the smartest or the hardest working but people with the ability to learn and update their skills continuously. Because the knowledge is changing quickly, students must develop the ability keep up, to think broadly, to analyze deeply, and to solving problems. To do that, they must read more and keep an open mind to continue learning. Unfortunately even in this age of the Internet and mobile phone, where information is available at the push of the button, good reading, and continuous learning are the skills that many students do not have.<\/p>\n
A few years ago when teaching in Asia, I gave students assigned readings to read before coming to class. To my surprise, few students even read them as they used to wait for the teacher to read it to them in class. When I insisted that they read before coming to class, many complained: \u201cThat is too much, some readings are over ten pages.\u201d Later when I asked: \u201cHow many technical articles have you read per week? They were surprised, some asked: \u201cDo we have to read articles?\u201d Although reading is NOT the skill that the school teaches today but students must acquire it. Without a good reading habit, they will never become lifelong learners in this competitive world. A lifelong learner always reads to learn new things. They do NOT just read textbooks but also news, magazines, blogs and articles on the internet.<\/p>\n
Even after graduate, lifelong learners never stop learning to improve their knowledge. As a society, we must advocate students to read more, to keep an open mind, to continue learning. Today changes are happening faster than most people\u2019s ability to learn, without constant reading many will be left behind. In this Information Age, the foundation of every economy is based on Science, Technology, Engineering and Math fields (STEM ). According to several economists, future job growth in the next fifty years is mostly in the technology and healthcare areas, but many countries are not producing enough skilled workers in those areas and cannot improve their economy.<\/p>\n
One of the reasons few students study STEM because they are afraid of science and math. Many do not have a good foundation in high school. The teaching method based on \u201cmemorization\u201d do not develop the skills to think logically and be able to apply them to solve problems. But how do you teach STEM to students when they are young to make them want to learn more?<\/p>\n
Ten years ago when I taught Computer Science in India, my friend Ravi shared with me his effort to promote computer programming among the very poor people. Each week, he took fifty young students who live in the slum to Infosys, a big software company. First, he took them to the garage full of expensive cars and said: \u201cLook at those Lexus, Mercedes, and BMW, those are the cars of computer workers.\u201d Then he took them to the air-conditioned offices where software people work and told them: \u201cThis is where they work. They have their own computer and desk.\u201d Then he showed them the dining rooms and said: \u201cLook at the room full of delicious foods, this is where software workers have their lunch and dinner.\u201d Then he asked them to guess how much these people were making. Of course, most of the poor people could not because they live in the slum, their family was making a living by searching discarded things in the garbage dump and made about $20 a week. When they learned that these software workers were making about $400 a week, they were shocked. Then Ravi said: \u201cYou could be like them if your study computer science. But first, you need to learn programming. We have a special program for young students like you, and you do not have to pay.\u201d His six months programming course enrolled over 20,000 poor students each year. He said: \u201cThey work very hard to became programmers because they have seen the future. They know what they want in life, they want to escape poverty by being a software workers. We select 10% of the top students and sent them to college to study computer science. The rest were hired as programmers, making $ 100 per week. Their lives were improved as they do not have to work in the garbage dump and live in the slum anymore. That is how we develop programmers to meet the global demand and help solve the unemployment in India. We show these people the hope and let them decide what to do with their future.\u201d<\/p>\n
I think to encourage students to study STEM; we must do something similar, and we must start with young students to help them develop a strong foundation BEFORE they go to college. A few years ago, I decided to try this idea by went to an elementary school; I asked students whether they would like to play with robots. Of course, young children love robots, so I let them play with robots for a while until some began to ask: \u201cWhat can these robots do?\u201d I answered: \u201cThey can do a lot of things, but you have to tell them.\u201d The whole class was excited: \u201cHow do we tell the robots what to do? They cannot hear us?\u201d I explained: \u201cThe Robots do not understand you until you program them. Do you want to learn how to program and make them do whatever you tell them to do?\u201d This was how I started to teach elementary children how to program Lego Mindstorms robots. Young children are curious, and if they like something, they learn very quick. In just a few days, these 8 to 12 years old can learn to write programs to play with robots. The success of this program has led to a short summer course for elementary teachers on teaching children programming. Each year hundreds of teachers came to Carnegie Mellon for a week to learn teaching robots programming. Today the \u201cRobots camp\u201d is spreading all over the elementary school in the U.S. based on this simple concept. Over time the course is getting more sophisticated with more professors and parents participated, and more level of programming are taught. By the time these children go to high school, most of them already know how to program in Java and C++ and ready for other challenges.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd KH\u00d4NG l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng minh nh\u1ea5t hay l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5067","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-giao-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5067","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5067"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5067\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5068,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5067\/revisions\/5068"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5067"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5067"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5067"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}