Tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i: \u201cT\u1ea1i sao nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111ang h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o Khoa h\u1ecdc, C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc (STEM). T\u1ea1i sao c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u kh\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft th\u1ebf, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc?<\/p>\n
T\u00f4i b\u1ea3o anh \u1ea5y: \u201cV\u00ec c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t nhanh cho n\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0y mai s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi h\u00f4m nay. Trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai g\u1ea7n, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng t\u01b0 duy v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi li\u00ean n\u1ed1i, nh\u01b0ng t\u01b0 duy c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn c\u00f2n trong c\u00f4 l\u1eadp. Ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o ch\u00fang ta ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ed5i t\u01b0 duy c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i t\u01b0 duy, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c n\u01a1i thanh ni\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn. Sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7c h\u1ee3p l\u01b0u c\u1ee7a \u0111a l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 khoa h\u1ecdc s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh; ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00ed h\u1ecdc; k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt; l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v.v. Ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0i b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n \u0111an ch\u00e9o nhau, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p m\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u x\u1ea3y ra b\u00e2y gi\u1edd.”<\/p>\n
B\u1ea1n t\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 hoang mang: \u201cNh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m sao gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c STEM gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang? Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng d\u1ea1y c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m r\u1ed3i, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t.\u201d<\/p>\n
T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cSTEM l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c con nh\u01b0ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 STEM nh\u01b0 b\u1ed1n khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4 l\u1eadp thay v\u00ec s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p l\u01b0u c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c con v\u1edbi nhau. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 sai l\u1ea7m ch\u00ednh v\u00ec ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf ch\u1ed7 giao gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c con n\u00e0y. Ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p l\u01b0u c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c con trong khoa h\u1ecdc s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng, khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7, v\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc th\u00ec sinh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra ng\u00e0y nay. \u0110\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong hai m\u01b0\u01a1i t\u1edbi n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m t\u1edbi, sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c v\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean n\u1ed1i. Sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 v\u1ee5 c\u00f4 l\u1eadp. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang b\u1eb1ng t\u01b0 duy c\u00f4 l\u1eadp hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi. \u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p n\u00e0y, sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 v\u00ec m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 x\u1ea3y ra, cho d\u00f9 trong khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4 l\u1eadp, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. \u0110i\u1ec1u x\u1ea3y ra h\u00f4m nay l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy c\u00f4 l\u1eadp n\u1ea3y sinh trong nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5m l\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh m\u1eabu th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft c\u1ef1c \u0111oan, v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch t\u00e0n ph\u00e1, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111e do\u1ea1 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc.\u201d<\/p>\n
B\u1ea1n t\u00f4i h\u1ecfi: \u201cNh\u01b0ng t\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang ta b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c? C\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ti kinh doanh kh\u00f4ng?\u201d<\/p>\n
T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cKh\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u01b0 duy c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y v\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 trong ch\u1ed7 c\u00f4 l\u1eadp trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i. D\u1ec5 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi thanh ni\u00ean v\u00ec h\u1ecd l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. N\u1ebfu anh nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh ng\u00e0y nay nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5m l\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ea1o ra h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n v\u00e0 n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc. L\u00e0m sao anh gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3 v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o s\u1ebd th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng n\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y? Nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ng\u00e0y nay, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang, cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ch\u00fang m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 n\u00e0o. Nh\u01b0ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n v\u00ec th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u1ebb s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean.\u00a0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u0129 thu\u1eadt, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ecdc c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi, v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd l\u00e0m. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea3i KH\u00d4NG \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y trong khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4 l\u1eadp m\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n v\u0103n. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi l\u00e0 do t\u01b0 duy c\u00f4 l\u1eadp v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u01a1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111ang h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd l\u00e0m b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 t\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3. Bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1edb khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh ch\u1ec9 ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh n\u0103m 2008. Khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ch\u1ec9 quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fa \u00fd t\u1edbi \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra m\u1ecdi ki\u1ec3u b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i ng\u00e0y nay v\u00ec c\u00e1ch t\u01b0 duy c\u00f4 l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Thanh ni\u00ean ng\u00e0y nay b\u1ecb \u00e1m \u1ea3nh v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fa \u00fd t\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ph\u1ebf th\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap t\u1ea1o ra. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ee3p l\u01b0u c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y trong gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c STEM, sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Ng\u00e0y nay, v\u1edbi Internet, sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n t\u1eeb b\u1ea5t k\u00ec \u0111\u00e2u, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 tri th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi, sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc “c\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc nhanh” v\u00e0 “c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n” \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh m\u1edbi. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n trang b\u1ecb cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y v\u00ec g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn x\u1ea3y ra trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c h\u1ee3p l\u01b0u c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1n l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y.\u201d<\/p>\n
B\u1ea1n t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c: \u201cAnh c\u00f3 ch\u1eafc t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c STEM m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c?”<\/p>\n
T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cSTEM l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n c\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai n\u01a1i c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm ra. Ng\u00e0y nay m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fa \u00fd t\u1edbi khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, nh\u01b0ng anh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc v\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7. N\u1ebfu anh nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi, anh s\u1ebd s\u1eedng s\u1ed1t v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn. V\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y anh c\u00f3 ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi xe h\u01a1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng? Nh\u01b0ng h\u00f4m nay xe t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i c\u00f3 kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i, v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ti xe h\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec1u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng xe kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i. C\u1ee9 ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 anh b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00ean xe kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i, nh\u1ea5n n\u00fat r\u1ed3i r\u1ed3i xu\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m email, g\u1eedi tin nh\u1eafn, hay nghe nh\u1ea1c khi xe bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0a anh v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec5n t\u01b0\u1edfng khoa h\u1ecdc n\u1eefa m\u00e0 l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i. Th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, Uber b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u cung c\u1ea5p vi\u1ec7c \u0111i xe t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i \u1edf Pittsburgh v\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng m\u1ea5y ch\u1ed1c s\u1ebd b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng sang c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c. Tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ecdi Uber \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i ra s\u00e2n bay d\u00f9ng xe kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111i t\u1ed1t. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f9ng nhau, xe kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd x\u1ea3y ra. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc STEM cho ph\u00e9p sinh vi\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai n\u01a1i h\u1ecd s\u1ebd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i m\u1edbi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u00ec t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai l\u00e0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u201cNg\u00e0y nay thanh ni\u00ean ch\u01a1i tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i m\u00e1y t\u00ednh tr\u00ean laptops v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f9ng b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 h\u1ecd, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1eb3ng m\u1ea5y ch\u1ed1c h\u1ecd ch\u01a1i v\u1edbi robot th\u00f4ng minh. Khi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u0111ang b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p m\u1edbi,\u00a0 robot th\u00f4ng minh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong m\u1ecdi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 trong n\u0103m n\u0103m n\u1eefa, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o trong m\u1ecdi robot v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ecdi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Nh\u01b0 xe h\u01a1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i, robots c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00e0y nay \u0111ang l\u00e0m trong ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng, n\u1ed9i tr\u1ee3, v.v. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 ch\u1eb3ng m\u1ea5y ch\u1ed1c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mua c\u00e1c robot c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ea5u c\u01a1m, lau nh\u00e0, qu\u00e9t s\u00e0n, v\u00e0 ch\u0103m nom tr\u1ebb con v\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y b\u1ea3n m\u1eabu c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng robots n\u00e0y trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u1edf Carnegie Mellon. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 v\u00ec robot c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang l\u00e0m ng\u00e0y nay, t\u1ea1i sao ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111i t\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng m\u1ea5y ch\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n b\u1edfi robots? T\u1ea1i sao kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng robots? T\u1ea1i sao kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o? T\u1ea1i sao kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p?\u00a0 \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao t\u00f4i khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc STEM v\u00ec ch\u00fang l\u00e0 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
The future is in STEM fields<\/p>\n
Last week a friend asked me: \u201cWhy many countries are now focusing on Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM). Why is there such an urgent need, especially at the university level?<\/p>\n
I told him: \u201cBecause technology is changing very fast so the world of\u00a0tomorrow\u00a0will be very different from today. In the near future, we will face many problems with complexities far exceeding what we can handle by our current thinking and solution. We are living in an interconnected world, but our thinking is still in isolation. Unless we are changing our thinking quickly, we cannot solve the future problems. To change the thinking, we must begin with the education where young people can be taught about solving problems by innovation solutions. Students must learn the convergence of multiple fields such as life science and computer science; chemical science and physical science; engineering and arts; history and social science etc. Only by understand several cross-disciplines, they can solve complex problems that begin to happen now. \u201c<\/p>\n
My friend seemed confused: \u201cBut how do STEM education solve them? We have been teaching these fields for years, but I do not see the difference.\u201d<\/p>\n
I explained: \u201cSTEM is a very broad area with many subfields but people only think of STEM as four isolated areas instead of the convergence of many subfields together. This is a major mistake because innovations often happen at the intersection among these subfields. Only by understand the convergence of all the subfields in life science, computer science, engineering,\u00a0 and mathematics then students can understand the complex issues that are happening today. To succeed in the next twenty to fifty years, students must be able to look at problems differently as they are all inter-connected. Students must learn about their causes and effects and not an isolated incident. Without this knowledge, people cannot solve them by currently isolated thinking. To develop the ability to solve these complex problems, students must understand the consequence of their action in a much broader context. They must think of the world as a whole because everything that happens, even in an isolated area, will have an impact on the whole world. What happens today is the result of an isolated thinking resulting in many problems that no one and no country can solve alone. We are dealing with complex problems such as global warming, severe weather patterns, and devastating diseases that threaten everyone and every country.\u201d<\/p>\n
My friend asked: \u201cBut why do we start with education? Is there a better solution from other sources such as the governments and business companies?\u201d<\/p>\n
I explained: \u201cIt is difficult to change the thinking of these people as they are trained to think in isolation for a long time. It is easier to start with younger people because they are the future. If you look at major problems today such as global warming that creates drought and famine in many countries. How do you solve it because no country would admit that their industries and manufacturers are responsible for this problem? These problems are here today, but people could not solve them, so they only talk about them without any real solutions. But the matter is getting worst because the younger generation will have to live with these problems and suffer the consequences. To solve these complex problems, we must start with education, especially college education by developing new learning methods to build students\u2019 knowledge and competency.\u00a0 College graduates of the future must be technically competent, have a lifelong learning attitude, and understand the consequences of what they do. This is why technology should NOT be taught in an isolated area but the combination of social science, ethics, and humanity. The current problem is due to the isolated thinking of technology where scientists are focusing on what they do regardless of the consequences. How many people remember when business and finance people are only thinking about profits without the consequences that led to the financial crisis of 2008. When manufacturing managers only concern about increase productivity, they do not pay attention to the pollution that affects millions of people and caused all type of diseases in the world. The use of technology without ethics is the fundamental problem that we have today because of our isolated thinking. Young people today are obsessed with technology, but they have not pay attention to the consequences of the technology wastes that they have helped created. By the convergence of these fields in STEM education, students can learn more about causes and consequences so they would be more careful than the previous generation. Today, with the Internet, students can learn anything they want from anywhere, but with the current knowledge explosion, students need to learn \u201chow to learn fast\u201d and \u201chow to read more\u201d so that they can continuously to improve their knowledge of new contexts. To do so, they need to equip themselves with these foundations because almost every innovation that happens in the future will be based on the convergence of these four fields.\u201d<\/p>\n
My friend was not convinced: \u201cAre you sure the future will be based on STEM fields but not something else?<\/p>\n
I explained: \u201cSTEM is the four pillars of the future education where innovation solutions can be found. Today people pay attention to science and technology, but you cannot implement them without engineering and math because they are all related. If you look at current technology progress, you will be amazed at the speed of innovations. A few years ago would you think a car can drive itself? But today the self-driving car is all over the place, and almost every car companies are building driverless cars. Just think about you step into the driverless car, push the button then sit down to check email, send text messages, or listen to music when the car knows the best way to take you home. It is not science fiction anymore but a reality. Last month, Uber began to offer rides in self-driving cars in Pittsburgh and soon will expand to other cities. Last week I called Uber to go to the Airport using a driverless car, and it went well. Technology changes fast and without the application of several technology fields together, driverless car, will never happen. That is why I think by studying STEM allows students to be a part of the future where they will design new transportation systems that are completely difference because the future is now.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u201cToday young people play computer games on laptops and mobile phone with their friends, but soon they will play with smart robots. As the field of artificial intelligence is exploding with new complex machine learning software,\u00a0 smart robots could compete with people in every area. I think in another five years, we will see more artificial intelligence technology in every robot and it will change every field and every industry. As the car can drive itself, robots can do many things people do today in manufacturing, construction, office, housework, etc. I think soon people can buy robots that can cook, do laundry, sweep the floor, and take care of the children because I saw a prototype of these robots in the laboratory at Carnegie Mellon. My question is since robots can take over many jobs that people are doing today, why continue to go to school and learn the jobs that soon can be taken over by robots? Why not learning about building robots? Why not learning about Artificial Intelligence? Why not study software engineering to write complex machine learning algorithms?\u00a0 That is why I encourage students to study STEM because they are the career of the future.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i: \u201cT\u1ea1i sao nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111ang h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o Khoa h\u1ecdc, C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 To\u00e1n … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5062","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-cong-nghe"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5062","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5062"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5062\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5063,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5062\/revisions\/5063"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5062"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5062"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5062"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}