Scott, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ea5p cao, t\u1edbi g\u1eb7p t\u00f4i v\u00ec anh \u1ea5y mu\u1ed1n thu\u00ea m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. Anh \u1ea5y n\u00f3i: \u201cTh\u1eadp k\u1ec9 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ea7n l\u1ea5p v\u00e0o c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00ec nhu c\u1ea7u v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 cung c\u1ea5p. C\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111ang m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n.\u201d<\/p>\n
Anh \u1ea5y mu\u1ed1n thu\u00ea Jason, m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i nh\u01b0ng anh \u1ea5y c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng Jason c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ti kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi Apple. Anh \u1ea5y ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n: \u201cT\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n thu\u00ea anh ta, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m sao t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thuy\u1ebf ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c anh ta kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho Apple. T\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho anh ta c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n, n\u1ebfu c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111i l\u00ean, anh ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 v\u00ec Apple l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ti n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng.\u201d<\/p>\n
Jason l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong 145 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u1edf Carnegie Mellon. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn trong h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, c\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u1edf M\u0129 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng khi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 170,000 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5p k\u00edn. Trong th\u00e1ng gi\u00eang n\u0103m nay, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ec9 ra c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 6,000 v\u1ecb tr\u1ecb cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y.<\/p>\n
Scott b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i: \u201cTu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho n\u0103m sinh vi\u00ean. H\u00f4m qua b\u1ed1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i v\u00e0 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti kh\u00e1c. Trong khi nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111ang t\u0103ng l\u00ean, s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean trong k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ea5y. Ng\u00e0y nay nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea3i “nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u” ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1eeb h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 M\u0129 \u0111ang gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n s\u1ed1 “visa \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t” qu\u00e3ng m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t n\u0103m. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7; nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecd l\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn. Ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 Google, Apple hay Facebook c\u0169ng g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong thu\u00ea \u0111\u1ee7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\u201d<\/p>\n
Anh \u1ea5y ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n: \u201cTr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean M\u0129 h\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nh\u01b0 c\u0169, m\u1eb7c cho n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc (STEM). S\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu c\u00e2n x\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft t\u1ea1i sao thanh ni\u00ean kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc STEM cho d\u00f9 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t cho ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.\u201d<\/p>\n
T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cL\u00ed do \u00edt sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc STEM l\u00e0 h\u1ecd thi\u1ebfu n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng trong khoa h\u1ecdc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 quan s\u00e1t r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc n\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00fang v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng. C\u00f3 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y. C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p \u1edf c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c v\u00e0o d\u1ea1y c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, 80% th\u1ea7y d\u1ea1y m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p trong c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c. Khi c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y c\u00f2n ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i d\u1ea1y \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh v\u00e0o h\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Khi th\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 m\u00f4n th\u1ea7y d\u1ea1y, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh v\u00e0o h\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Khi h\u1ecdc sinh tin r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u00f3, h\u1ecd n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh ch\u00fang. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111i t\u1edbi c\u0103n nguy\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 STEM ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc then ch\u1ed1t \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n ho\u00e1 trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c STEM. T\u1ea1i sao h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o STEM l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng?\u00a0V\u00ec ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd t\u1edbi t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean tri th\u1ee9c, ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u1ea1o cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u1ea1nh tranh. Ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn gi\u00fap t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m h\u01a1n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p. Trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y, m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. Theo m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ea7n qu\u00e3ng 4.25 tri\u1ec7u nh\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n khoa h\u1ecdc, k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2020 v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111ang d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o sang n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean tri th\u1ee9c. Ch\u1eb3ng bao l\u00e2u c\u00e1c robot s\u1ebd thay th\u1ebf c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng. Trong d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n n\u00e0y, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 x\u1ea3y ra, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, v\u00e0 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p cao \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u1eabn t\u1edbi h\u1ed7n \u0111\u1ed9n trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5.\u201d<\/p>\n
Scott bi\u1ec7n minh: \u201cCh\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c STEM trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 n\u00e0o.\u201d<\/p>\n
T\u00f4i b\u1ea3o anh ta: \u201cM\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111ang th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c STEM, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111ang k\u00ecm m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 l\u1ea1i. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1nh cho khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecdc sinh trung h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00fang trong khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c m\u00f4n n\u00e0y \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecdc sinh tin c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 kh\u00f3, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y. Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c STEM, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c STEM, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o. T\u1ea1i sao \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng? V\u00ec th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kho\u00e1 m\u1edf t\u00e2m tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh cho nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c sinh l\u1eddi n\u00e0y v\u00e0 d\u1eabn h\u1ecd t\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng tin n\u01a1i ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh cho t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf. V\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn n\u00e0y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng t\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, m\u00e0 t\u1edbi t\u1eeb t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a v\u00e0i l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, xe t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u00f4 t\u00f4, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn. Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00e1c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 xo\u00e1 b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a y h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p sinh h\u1ecdc, khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, v\u00e0 sinh ho\u00e1. Ng\u00e0y nay gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 t\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4 l\u1eadp, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c trong m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf. \u0110i\u1ec1u x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ea7n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ea5u ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao h\u00e0m, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c STEM v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f3 vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn n\u00ean coi gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c STEM nh\u01b0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng cho th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o trong khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1edf c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng, cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc b\u1ed5ng h\u01a1n cho sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc STEM t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y cho t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Invest in Technology<\/p>\n
Scott, a senior manager, came to see me as he wanted to hire some of my students. He said: \u201cThis decade is the best time for students who study technology, but it is a challenge for companies who need to fill their technology jobs because the demand exceeds the supply. My company is expanding fast, but we cannot grow if we do not have enough workers.\u201d<\/p>\n
He wanted to hire Jason, one of my students but he also knew that Jason has several job interviews with others, especially with Apple. He complained: \u201cI want to hire him, but how could I convince him not to work for Apple. I can give him stocks, if our stocks go up, he could make a lot of money, but it is not easy because Apple is a famous company and we are not.\u201d<\/p>\n
Jason is one of 145 graduates in my software program at Carnegie Mellon. Most of them already have a job offer several months before their graduation. According to a government report, there is a critical shortage of software engineer in the U.S. and the shortage is severe as more companies need technology to increase their competitive advantage and profits. Last year, there were more than 170,000 software jobs that go unfilled. In January of this year, government data show there were more than 6,000 positions for software developers that went unfilled.<\/p>\n
Scott told me: \u201cLast week, I made job offers to five students. Yesterday four declined and said that they had a better offer from other companies. While the demand for technology jobs is increasing, the number of students in software engineering is not changing much. Today many companies have to \u201cimport\u201d technology graduates from oversea, but the U.S. government is limiting the number of \u201cSpecial visas\u201d to about one hundred thousand a year. That is not enough; many companies are facing a shortage of skilled workers and getting them is a big challenge. Even big companies like Google, Apple or Facebook also have difficulty in hiring enough people.\u201d<\/p>\n
He complained: \u201cAll over the world, the\u00a0number of students who study science and technology has increased significantly, but the number of U.S. students who study these fields has remained the same, despite the efforts of the government to encourage them to study science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM). This disproportionate will create a big problem for our economy in the future. I do not know why young people do not study STEM even it is good for their career.\u201d<\/p>\n
I explained: \u201cThe reason fewer students study STEM is they lack a foundation in basic science. For years, I have observed that many first-year college students did not receive proper science and technology training in high schools. There is a report that there are not enough qualified teachers in this fields. Public schools are often assigning teachers with a degree in other areas to teach these fields. For example, 80% of computer teachers in high schools had a degree in other areas. When teachers are reluctant to teach what they do not feel comfortable, it reflects on their students. When teachers are not enthusiastic about the subject they taught, it reflects on their students. When students believe that these subjects are difficult, they avoid them. To solve this problem, we must go to the root-cause, that means STEM must be key subjects in high schools, and we must train more teachers who specialize in STEM fields. Why focus on STEM is important?\u00a0 Because most of the innovations will come from these fields, and in a knowledge-based economy, innovations are the factors for a country to be competitive. Innovations help creates more jobs and reduces unemployment. In this information age, every country needs a technology workforce to grow the economy. According to a global report, the world needs about 4.25 million science, engineering and technology professionals by 2020 as it is transitioning from the manufacturing-based economy to a knowledge-based economy. Soon robots will replace labor workers, and automation will reduce the need for office workers. In this transition, if we do not plan before things happen, many people will lose their job, and there will be high unemployment that leads to chaos in society, and the economy may collapse.\u201d<\/p>\n
Scott argued: \u201cThe government has pushed for STEM education for years, but I do not see any improvement.\u201d<\/p>\n
I told him: \u201cAlthough the government is pushing STEM education, the education systems are holding things back. Without proper investment in teacher training, especially in high school, to provide a strong foundation for science and technology, the problem cannot be solved. If high school students do not have proper training in science and technology, they will not select these subjects in college. If students believe technology is difficult, they will not study this field. We do not need people who push STEM education, what we need is an investment in the STEM education system, especially in teacher training. Why investment in teacher training is important? Because teachers are key that open students\u2019 minds to these lucrative fields and lead them to the future. We are living in the information age where technology innovations are the major factors to grow the economy. And these innovations will not come from a single field, but from a combination of several existing fields. For example, Self-driving car is a combination of automobile technologies, artificial intelligence, and sensors technologies. Today drug discovery to eradicate diseases are no longer the main subjects of medical science but a combination of biology, computer science, and biochemistry. Today education is no longer a set of several isolated fields, but a combination of several fields into one special area that can create innovation and promote economic growth. What the society needs is people who understand the component sciences and technologies involved, that is, people with strong STEM education. A visionary leader should consider STEM education as the greatest opportunity to improve the economy and act accordingly. To do that, they should raise the status and pay of teachers in science and technology in public schools, provide more scholarships to students to study STEM at university, and invest more in these strategic fields for future economic growth.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Scott, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ea5p cao, t\u1edbi g\u1eb7p t\u00f4i v\u00ec anh \u1ea5y mu\u1ed1n thu\u00ea m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. Anh \u1ea5y n\u00f3i: \u201cTh\u1eadp … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4972","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-giao-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4972","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4972"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4972\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4973,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4972\/revisions\/4973"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4972"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4972"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4972"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}