Tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u00f4i t\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u1edf New York, tr\u00ean chuy\u1ebfn bay tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 t\u00f4i ng\u1ed3i c\u1ea1nh m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. Sau v\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i, anh ta b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 anh ta h\u00e1o h\u1ee9c th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n
Anh ta b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i: \u201cPh\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n em \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ee3 to\u00e1n, em ngh\u0129 ch\u00fang em t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u1edbi to\u00e1n. Nh\u01b0ng em c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ea7y d\u1ea1y to\u00e1n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi v\u00e0 th\u1ea7y l\u00e0m ch\u00fang em y\u00eau to\u00e1n. B\u1ea5t k\u00ec khi n\u00e0o em r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi l\u1edbp th\u1ea7y, em \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc th\u00eam. Em t\u1edbi th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u00eam b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 cho l\u1edbp, v\u00e0 em mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc th\u00eam. Th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o gi\u1ecfi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn cho sinh vi\u00ean.\u201d<\/p>\n
Nghe nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a anh ta v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau h\u1ecdc to\u00e1n, l\u00e0m cho t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y vui s\u01b0\u1edbng. T\u00f4i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi anh ta r\u1eb1ng th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o gi\u1ecfi qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra \u00a0kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean. Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 nghe n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y nay sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 hay kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc gi\u1ecfi.\u00a0 Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ecdc m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 thu l\u1ea5y t\u1ef1 tin, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t t\u1edd b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y nay sinh vi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1ee7 trong l\u1edbp, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u01a1i tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i video tr\u00ean Laptop hay l\u01b0\u1edbt Internet thay v\u00ec nghe b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng. Thay v\u00ec ghi ch\u00e9p, nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay sinh vi\u00ean t\u00edch c\u1ef1c; h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n ng\u1ed3i y\u00ean t\u0129nh nghe b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng trong l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc; ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ea1y ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n
L\u00e0 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o, t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i tham gia v\u00e0o. Khi tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m m\u1edbi, t\u00f4i bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng cho h\u1ecd c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c x\u1ea3y ra trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Theo kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, sinh vi\u00ean th\u00edch c\u00e1c k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc. T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn tr\u00ean l\u1edbp ph\u1ea3i s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng trong c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean, v\u00e0 gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn chuy\u1ec7n thay v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n. Kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 chuy\u00ean gia trong m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 n\u00f3i, \u201cT\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft.\u201d N\u1ebfu sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi m\u00e0 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi, t\u00f4i b\u1ea3o h\u1ecd r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i s\u1ebd c\u1ed1 t\u00ecm ra nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n cho l\u1ea7n th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn sau. Sinh vi\u00ean d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 th\u00edch s\u1ef1 ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n
M\u1ed7i tu\u1ea7n, t\u00f4i \u0111\u0103ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecdc hay video ng\u1eafn tr\u00ean website m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i cho sinh vi\u00ean xem. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00ean l\u1edbp n\u00e0y bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u01b0a th\u00edch b\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1eeb s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa – \u0111\u1ecdc ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 3 t\u1eeb trang 110 t\u1edbi 134. Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i th\u00edch sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecdc tin t\u1ee9c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt t\u1eeb b\u00e1o, t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed, hay blogs thay v\u00ec s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa. \u0110\u00f4i khi t\u00f4i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecd xem \u0111o\u1ea1n video ng\u1eafn t\u1eeb YouTube, Khan Academy, h\u1ecdc li\u1ec7u m\u1edf c\u1ee7a MIT, hay Coursera.<\/p>\n
Thay v\u00ec b\u1ea3o h\u1ecd t\u1edbi l\u1edbp “\u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb” t\u00f4i l\u00e0m mong \u0111\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i th\u00e0nh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m. Khi t\u00f4i ph\u00e2n m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i b\u00e1o cho h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00ean l\u1edbp, t\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u00edch x\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00f4i mong \u0111\u1ee3i sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m. Th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0o h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft n\u00e0o l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn trong l\u1edbp. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n so s\u00e1nh hai quan \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1eeb b\u00e0i b\u00e1o nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a tranh lu\u1eadn trong l\u1edbp.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u1edbi l\u1edbp, t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1edbp b\u1eb1ng b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra ng\u1eafn, m\u1ed7i b\u00e0i \u0111\u00e1ng 10 \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch cho sinh vi\u00ean t\u1edbi l\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ed1t. Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y gi\u00fap t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao nhi\u00eau, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn tr\u00ean l\u1edbp. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn tr\u00ean l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 theo \u0111\u00f3 sinh vi\u00ean b\u1ecb l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n hay c\u1ea7n gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1. N\u1ebfu sinh vi\u00ean bi\u1ebft tri th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, th\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian tr\u00ean l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng s\u00e2u h\u01a1n. T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n n\u00eau ra c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn tr\u00ean l\u1edbp. T\u00f4i c\u0169ng ph\u00e2n chia l\u1edbp th\u00e0nh hai nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ec3 tranh c\u00e3i n\u01a1i sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao nhi\u00eau. T\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng th\u1eddi gian tr\u00ean l\u1edbp n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng tri th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Teaching and learning<\/p>\n
Last week, I went to a conference in New York, on a flight back home I sat next to a college student. After a few conversations, he began to talk about his school, his courses and how excited he was about his field of study.<\/p>\n
He told me: \u201cMost of my friends are afraid of Math, I think we all feel uncomfortable about Math. But I have a Math professor who is excellent and he makes us love Math. Whenever I leave his class, I am so motivated to learn more. I go to the library and do more homework for the class, and I want to learn more. A good teacher can make a big difference for students.\u201d<\/p>\n
Listening to his enthusiasm about his love to learn Math, make me happy.\u00a0I totally agree with him that good teachers do make a difference in students\u2019 learning. For years, we have heard that today students are not studying hard or not good at learning.\u00a0 However, I have found that most of my students are capable of learning everything that my courses require. Although some may need encouragement to gain the confidence, they all did well. Recently, I read in a newspaper that today students often sleep in class, some play video games on the Laptop or surf the Internet rather than listen to the lecture. Instead of taking note, many students use their smartphone to take pictures of the class materials on the blackboard. The fact is today students are active; they do not want to sit quietly to listen to a lecture in a classroom. That means to make them learn; the teaching method must change.<\/p>\n
As a teacher, I want the class to be an active learning experience to keep my students engaged. When presenting a new concept, I always give them real examples that happened in the industry. In my experience, students enjoy the real-world scenarios as part of the learning. I want the class discussion to be lively among students, and keep my role as a facilitator rather than an authority. No one can be an expert in everything, and I am not afraid to say, \u201cI don\u2019t know.\u201d. If students ask questions to which I do not know the answer, I tell them that I do not have an answer, but I will try to find out more for the next discussion. Students seem to like this honesty.<\/p>\n
Each week, I post reading materials or a short video on my course website for students to view. This pre-class material varies among professors. Some of my colleagues prefer textbook readings \u2013 read chapter 3 from page 110 to 134. But I like students to read technical news from newspapers, magazines, or blogs rather than a textbook. \u00a0Sometimes I ask them to watch a short video from YouTube, the Khan Academy, MIT\u2019s OpenCourseWare, or Coursera.<\/p>\n
Instead of telling them to come to class \u201cprepared\u201d I make my expectation clear by what they need to do. When I assign an article for them to read before class, I explain what exactly I am expecting students to be able to do. What information they need to know and which details are important so they can use it to discuss during class. They may need to compare two points of view from the article as part of the class debate.<\/p>\n
To make sure that students learn something before coming to class, I often begin the class with a short quiz, each worth 10 points toward their final grade. These works provide an incentive for students to come to class prepared and getting a good grade. These works help me to assess their understanding of the course materials. By knowing how much they have learned, I can prepare for the class discussion. In another word, I can modify my class discussion to focus on the materials in which students are confused or need help. If the students knew the basic knowledge, then they need to spend the class time to develop deeper learning and skills. I like to raise questions to promote class discussions. I also divide the class into two groups for debates where students have to analyze and synthesize materials to show that they have learned well. From these activities, I can assess their understanding as well as how much they learned. I believe that class time should be used to deepen their understanding and increase their skills at using their new knowledge instead of lecturing.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u00f4i t\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u1edf New York, tr\u00ean chuy\u1ebfn bay tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 t\u00f4i ng\u1ed3i c\u1ea1nh m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. Sau … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4969","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-giao-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4969","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4969"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4969\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4970,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4969\/revisions\/4970"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4969"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4969"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4969"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}