{"id":4892,"date":"2015-09-11T17:30:14","date_gmt":"2015-09-11T10:30:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=4892"},"modified":"2015-09-11T17:30:14","modified_gmt":"2015-09-11T10:30:14","slug":"nguoi-di-cu-an-do-lam-cho-giac-mo-mi-van-song-dong-va-tot-thanh-hien-nhien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=4892","title":{"rendered":"Ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 l\u00e0m cho gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 M\u0129 v\u1eabn s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed1t th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vivek Wadwa – Washington Post 8\/2015<\/p>\n

L\u01b0u \u00fd: Khi Google c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u0129 g\u1ed1c \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 Sundar Pichai s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh CEO ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti, quan ch\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 tinh hoa nh\u1eefng doanh nh\u00e2n sinh \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 Adobe, Microsoft, Mastercard, Nokia, Pepsico v\u00e0 Softbank.<\/em><\/p>\n

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H\u1ecd c\u00f3 gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i bu\u1ed3n c\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u1eb7c trang ph\u1ee5c k\u00ec l\u1ea1, v\u00e0 \u0103n th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u00f3 gia v\u1ecb, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed9i kh\u0103n x\u1ebfp.\u00a0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u0129 g\u1ed1c \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 chi\u1ebfm kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y 1% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 M\u0129.\u00a0 V\u1eady m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y h\u1ecd \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 Google, Pepsico v\u00e0 MasterCard; l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edfng khoa c\u1ee7a h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc danh ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a M\u0129; \u1edf \u0111\u1ec9nh cao c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec1 l\u00e0m b\u00e1o; chi ph\u1ed1i c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 y t\u1ebf; v\u00e0 \u0111ang l\u00e0m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n, v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n.\u00a0 H\u1ecd c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng phi th\u01b0\u1eddng trong ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7: c\u00e1c th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a hai bang b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 nh\u1ea5t M\u0129 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ed1c \u1ea4n, c\u00e1c c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n c\u1ea5p cao c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 Tr\u1eafng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u00e2n y.<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp h\u00e0ng n\u0103m trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 gia \u0111\u00ecnh M\u0129 \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 l\u00e0 $103,000 – g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i ng\u01b0\u1eddi trung b\u00ecnh M\u0129.<\/p>\n

L\u00e0m sao nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng l\u1ea1 th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady – v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3?<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y; n\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cao v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p cao.\u00a0 Theo C\u01a1 quan \u0111i\u1ec1u tra d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 M\u0129, 76 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i 25 hay h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1eed nh\u00e2n hay cao h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111a s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o ti\u1ebfng Anh. M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng gia \u0111\u00ecnh ngh\u00e8o, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 t\u1edbi M\u0129 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 t\u1eeb giai c\u1ea5p trung l\u01b0u hay cao h\u01a1n; nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc M\u0129 \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp \u01b0u t\u00fa; nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti M\u0129 thu\u00ea \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao.\u00a0 Ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e1m nh\u1eadn r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 tham v\u1ecdng m\u1edbi s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng b\u1ecf b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i sau \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eafm t\u1edbi th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u1edf m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i; h\u1ecd c\u00f3 t\u00ednh nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 t\u1edbi M\u0129 \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c k\u00ec th\u1ecb c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u1edf trong b\u1ea5t k\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n.\u00a0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u0129 n\u00f3i chung bao dung v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00e2m tr\u00ed c\u1edfi m\u1edf, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c k\u00ec th\u1ecb ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c l\u00e0 n\u00e9t x\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\u00a0 Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 m\u1ea7u da s\u1eabm hay gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng b\u1ecb b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i \u1edf M\u0129.\u00a0 \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 suy ngh\u0129 th\u00f4ng minh h\u01a1n.\u00a0 Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh \u1edf tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfc thang x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i trong nh\u1eefng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i sau nh\u01b0ng th\u1ea5y b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd \u1edf b\u1eadc thang th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t \u1edf M\u0129.\u00a0 \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m r\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 l\u1ea1 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i cho b\u1ea1n t\u1eeb kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i nh\u1edb khi l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u00f4i t\u1edbi M\u0129 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 60.\u00a0 B\u1ea1n c\u00f9ng l\u1edbp t\u00f4i h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i li\u1ec7u t\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u00ea ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng; c\u00e1c b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 tr\u1ecf v\u00e0o t\u00f4i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o con c\u00e1i h\u1ecd ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00e0m l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed th\u1ee9c \u0103n trong b\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.\u00a0 \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c cho t\u00f4i l\u00e0m b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i c\u0169ng gi\u1ecfi nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f9ng l\u1edbp t\u00f4i.\u00a0 V\u1ec1 sau trong \u0111\u1eddi, khi t\u00f4i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i M\u0129 sau khi s\u1ed1ng \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m k\u00ec th\u1ecb v\u00e0 ch\u00ea bai t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m \u1edf B\u1eafc Carolina.\u00a0 M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng l\u00ed do \u00f4ng ta s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 “ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c anh kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng CEO gi\u1ecfi\u201d.\u00a0 M\u00e1u t\u00f4i v\u1eabn s\u00f4i l\u00ean khi t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho t\u00f4i m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n v\u00e0 gi\u1ecfi h\u01a1n.\u00a0 V\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao t\u00f4i \u0111i ra kh\u1ecfi con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng b\u1ecb k\u00ec th\u1ecb, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u0129 g\u1ed1c Phi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hispanics, v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u1ec9 ra m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a M\u0129 l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng cao nh\u1ea5t b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, gi\u1ed1ng n\u00f2i v\u00e0 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3.\u00a0 \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 Gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 M\u0129: n\u00e9t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 do \u0111i\u1ec1u cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ai \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng qua l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng.\u00a0 Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean v\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edf M\u0129; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00ean v\u00e0 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao M\u0129 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 – v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 k\u00ecm n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i – l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n chia theo v\u00f9ng mi\u1ec1n, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ea5p.\u00a0 H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Gujaratis, Punjabis, hay Bengalis; ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hindus, ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi Sikhs \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, nh\u01b0ng khi h\u1ecd t\u1edbi M\u0129, h\u1ecd t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 – nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Nam \u00c1, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal, v\u00e0 Bhutan.\u00a0 V\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u0129, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 nhau.<\/p>\n

Cho n\u00ean khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nam \u00c1 t\u1edbi M\u0129, h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t nhanh ch\u00f3ng vi\u1ec7c g\u00e1c c\u00e1c kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t sang b\u00ean.\u00a0 H\u1ecd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng ch\u00eca kho\u00e1 cho th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n – v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng – l\u00e0 k\u1ebft m\u1ea1ng, h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 l\u1eabn nhau.\u00a0 \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao h\u1ecd gia nh\u1eadp c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m nh\u01b0 Nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, H\u1ed9i nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o Nam \u00c1, H\u1ed9i ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u0129 Nam \u00c1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f9ng nhau, v\u00e0 H\u1ed9i qu\u00e1n r\u01b0\u1ee3u Nam \u00c1: \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap l\u1eabn nhau – v\u00e0, trong ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, n\u00e2ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00ean.\u00a0 \u0110\u00e2y n\u1eefa l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u00f3m chi ph\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng di d\u00e2n s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp c\u00f4ng ti \u1edf Thung l\u0169ng Silicon.\u00a0 T\u1ed5 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u1edf Stanford v\u00e0 Duke \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u r\u1eb1ng, khi t\u1edbi n\u0103m 2014, g\u1ea7n 16% c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf Thung l\u0169ng Silicon \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9.\u00a0 B\u00ed m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd n\u1eb1m \u1edf vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 c\u00e1c qui t\u1eafc tham gia c\u1ee7a Thung l\u0169ng: k\u1ebft m\u1ea1ng, trao \u0111\u1ed5i \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng, v\u00e0 k\u00e8m c\u1eb7p.<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 l\u00e0 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 l\u1eabn nhau v\u00e0 “tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc cho \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3\u201d.\u00a0 M\u0129 ch\u1ec9 ra cho th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng t\u1ea1o ra mi\u1ebfng b\u00e1nh kinh t\u1ebf l\u1edbn h\u01a1n; r\u1eb1ng t\u00ednh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng ch\u00e2m ng\u00f2i cho ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n:\u00a0http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/news\/innovations\/wp\/2015\/08\/24\/indian-immigrants-make-it-obvious-that-the-american-dream-is-alive-and-well\/<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—English version—<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Indian immigrants make it obvious that the American dream is alive and well<\/p>\n

By Vivek Wadwa – Washington Post August 2015<\/p>\n

Note: When Google announced that Indian-American Sundar Pichai would become the company\u2019s next CEO, the technology executive joined an elite club of Indian-born businessmen who now head global companies such as Adobe, Microsoft, Mastercard, Nokia, Pepsico and Softbank.<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

They have funny accents, wear strange outfits, and eat really spicy food, and some wear turbans.\u00a0 Indian-Americans constitute less than 1% of the U.S. population.\u00a0 Yet you will find them at the helm of great companies such as Google, Pepsico and MasterCard; as presidents and deans of America\u2019s most prestigious colleges; at the pinnacles of journalism; dominating fields such as technology, scientific research, and medicine; and thriving in industries such as hospitality, transportation, and real estate.\u00a0 They have also achieved extraordinary success in government: the governors of two of America\u2019s most conservative states are of Indian origin, as are White House senior advisors and the U.S. Surgeon General.<\/p>\n

Even though the prosperity isn\u2019t evenly distributed and some segments of the Indian community face severe social and economic problems, it is notable that the median annual income of U.S. households headed by an Indian immigrant is $103,000\u2014twice the U.S. median.<\/p>\n

How could a recent immigrant group achieve such incredible success\u2014and what can we learn from it?<\/p>\n

First, you need to understand the background of this group; it is highly educated and entrepreneurial.\u00a0 According to the U.S. Census Bureau, 76 percent of Indian immigrants aged 25 or more have a bachelor\u2019s or higher degree, and the vast majority are proficient at English.\u00a0 Though some come from poor families, most of the Indians who make it to America are from the middle or upper class; the students who qualify for admission to U.S. universities are the cream of the crop; the workers who get hired by U.S. companies are highly skilled.\u00a0 Only ambitious risk-takers willingly leave friends and families behind to shoot for success in foreign lands; they are entrepreneurial in nature.<\/p>\n

Immigrants who come to America face discrimination just as foreigners in any country do.\u00a0 Americans are generally tolerant and open-minded, but racism is an ugly human trait.\u00a0 People with a dark skin or a foreign accent are always at a disadvantage in America.\u00a0 This means that they have to work harder and think smarter.\u00a0 Indian immigrants were typically at the top of the social ladder in the communities that they left behind but find themselves on the lowest rung in the U.S.\u00a0 This is a very uncomfortable experience and provides incredible motivation to do whatever it takes to succeed, as I can tell you from personal experience.<\/p>\n

I too am an Indian immigrant, and I remember when I first came to the U.S. as a child in the \u201960s.\u00a0 My classmates asked me whether I charmed snakes; parents pointed to me and told their children to think about starving Indians before wasting the food on their plates.\u00a0 This was very hurtful, but it motivated me to do whatever it took to show everyone that I was as good as my classmates were.\u00a0 Later in life, when I returned to the U.S. after living abroad, I experienced similar discrimination and disparagement from venture capitalists in North Carolina.\u00a0 One told me that the reason he wouldn\u2019t fund my company was that \u201cyour people don\u2019t make good CEOs\u201d.\u00a0 My blood still boils when I think about this, but it made me stronger and better.\u00a0 And it\u2019s why I go out of my way to help other groups who have been discriminated against, especially African-Americans, Hispanics, and women.<\/p>\n

And the success of Indian shows another side of this country.<\/p>\n

The greatness of America is that a person who achieves success commands the highest level of respect regardless of his or her background, race, and religion.\u00a0 This is the American Dream: an ethos of freedom that provides anyone who achieves success through hard work with the opportunity for prosperity and equality.\u00a0 There are no absolute barriers to upward social mobility in America; that is why immigrants thrive and why America leads the world.<\/p>\n

One of the biggest problems in India\u2014and one that holds it back\u2014is that people are divided by region, religion, and caste.\u00a0 They may be Gujaratis, Punjabis, or Bengalis; Hindus, Muslims, or Sikhs in India, but when they come to America, they are all considered to be Indians\u2014as are people from other parts of South Asia, including Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal, and Bhutan.\u00a0 To Americans, we are all the same.<\/p>\n

So when South Asians come to the U.S., they learn very quickly to put their differences aside.\u00a0 They begin to understand that the key to an individual\u2019s\u2014and a community\u2019s\u2014success is to network, learn, and help each other.\u00a0 That is why they join groups such as The Indus Entrepreneurs, the South Asian Journalists Association, South Asian Americans Leading Together, and the South Asian Bar Association: to help each other\u2014and, in the process, to uplift their communities.\u00a0 This too is how Indians become the dominant immigrant company founding group in Silicon Valley.\u00a0 My research team at Stanford and Duke had documented that, as of 2014, nearly 16% of the startups in Silicon Valley had an Indian founder.\u00a0 The secret of their success lay in learning and mastering the Valley\u2019s rules of engagement: networking, exchanging ideas, and mentoring.<\/p>\n

The lessons that disadvantaged groups can learn from Indian immigrants are to help each other and \u201cpay it forward\u201d.\u00a0 America shows the world that providing all people with equal opportunity makes a bigger economic pie; that diversity fuels innovation and economic growth.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Source:\u00a0http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/news\/innovations\/wp\/2015\/08\/24\/indian-immigrants-make-it-obvious-that-the-american-dream-is-alive-and-well\/<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vivek Wadwa – Washington Post 8\/2015 L\u01b0u \u00fd: Khi Google c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u0129 g\u1ed1c \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 Sundar Pichai s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh CEO … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4892","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cac-van-de-khac"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4892","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4892"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4892\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4893,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4892\/revisions\/4893"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4892"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4892"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4892"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}