M\u00f9a h\u00e8 n\u00e0y t\u00f4i d\u00e0nh t\u00e1m tu\u1ea7n \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y c\u00e1c m\u00f4n k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean lo \u00e2u, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t. T\u00f4i c\u0169ng g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c thu\u00ea c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng nh\u01b0ng ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng cho ra nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00fang m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n. Nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n trong blog c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ti n\u01a1i thu\u00ea h\u1ecd. Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 x\u1ea5u cho c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea7n c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p. Khi t\u00f4i \u1edf London, t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf Hi L\u1ea1p \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u00fat nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00fa \u00fd nh\u01b0ng theo \u00fd ki\u1ebfn t\u00f4i, n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi l\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. C\u00f3 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c2u kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf kinh t\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 T\u00e2y Ban Nha, B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha, Italy v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p s\u1ebd s\u1edbm l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfp v\u00ec t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 th\u1ea5p nh\u01b0ng s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t cao. V\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, khi t\u00f4i t\u1edbi th\u0103m nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y vi\u1ec7c th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 g\u1ea7n 35%. T\u00f4i th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i taxi cho t\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc; nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn du l\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u1edf Italy c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea1c s\u0129 v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o.<\/p>\n
Vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c Khoa h\u1ecdc, C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc (STEM) \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u00fat nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00fa \u00fd trong c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n tin th\u1eddi s\u1ef1 nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft t\u1ea1i sao s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sinh vi\u00ean ghi danh v\u00e0o trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 h\u01a1i t\u0103ng l\u00ean trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m qua. Trong nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t v\u1edbi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u1edf tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh danh s\u00e1ch. Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111ang thu\u00ea nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng ti n\u00f3i h\u1ecd s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o th\u00eam. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0: \u201cT\u1ea1i sao kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean ch\u1ecdn l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y?\u201d T\u1ea1i sao nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ebf c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p cao nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7?\u00a0 M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u00fang cho sinh vi\u00ean v\u1ec1 ch\u1ecdn l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0y nay v\u1edbi Internet, Facebook, Twitter v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn website tin t\u1ee9c, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00ed do tho\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i: \u201cG\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang t\u00f4i d\u1eebng vi\u1ec7c thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1 v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc g\u00ec \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng coi b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eefa.\u201d Laszlo Bock, ph\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch Google \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 v\u00f4 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, cho n\u00ean c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y b\u00e2y gi\u1edd ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi xin vi\u1ec7c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thu\u00ea h\u1ecd. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0: \u201cCh\u00fang ta c\u00f3 kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m hay kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c?\u201d<\/p>\n
Khi t\u00f4i d\u1ea1y \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1, nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 xin l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u1edf h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m qua, c\u00e1c m\u00f4n k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 qu\u00e3ng m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m sinh vi\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng n\u0103m nay m\u00f4n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn c\u00f3 tr\u00ean n\u0103m tr\u0103m sinh vi\u00ean. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn sinh vi\u00ean ch\u00e2u \u00c1 \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft k\u0129 n\u0103ng “n\u00f3ng” n\u00e0y m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n. Khi t\u00f4i \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i n\u0103m tr\u00ean 100,000 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c “nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u” t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t v\u1eabn g\u0103ng. V\u00e0i ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1ed3i trong nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng London v\u1edbi n\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, v\u1eeba m\u1edbi t\u1edbi t\u1eeb Mumbai \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 b\u00e0n ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u1eddi trang. C\u00f4 \u1ea5y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cR\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eddi trang ng\u00e0y nay do c\u1ea1nh tranh d\u1eef d\u1ed9i.\u201d T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi: \u201cTh\u1ebf t\u1ea1i sao b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh?\u201d C\u00f4 \u1ea5y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cN\u00f3 qu\u00e1 kh\u00f3.\u201d<\/p>\n
B\u1ea1n t\u00f4i, Charles n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i: “Cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft r\u1ec5 s\u00e2u trong vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng trong c\u1ea3 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00ec m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00e1i g\u00ec. Th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c d\u1ea1y b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p \u201cqua\u201d c\u00e1c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc sang l\u1edbp ti\u1ebfp m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y v\u1eabn nh\u01b0 c\u0169 trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho sinh vi\u00ean v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ng\u00e0y nay. \u0110\u00e2y nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00fang m\u00e0 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho h\u1ecd th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y, hay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i.\u201d<\/p>\n
Khi t\u00f4i \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 khuy\u00ean c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean \u1edf \u0111\u00f3: \u201cTrong khi c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cho nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u1edf h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5 l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c em th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e1ng mong mu\u1ed1n h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i, l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c em, v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 c\u00e1c em l\u00e0m. C\u00e1c em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 “k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m”, c\u00e1c em s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111i xa trong ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Ng\u00e0y nay ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ea1y nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m n\u00e0y nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c em ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u00fang theo c\u00e1ch ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c em \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u00e1c em v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. L\u00e0 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9c, c\u00e1c em ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00ec m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i. C\u00e1c em ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef cho t\u00e2m tr\u00ed m\u1edf, v\u00ec m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 x\u1ea3y ra cho c\u00e1c em \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp.\u00a0 C\u00e1c em ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00edch c\u1ef1c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. C\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5, th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m, trung th\u1ef1c, \u00fd th\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 t\u00ednh tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. D\u00f9 c\u00e1c em bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng, ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p sang th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng tin; t\u1eeb kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sang kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u; t\u1eeb n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf h\u01b0\u1edbng theo s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m sang n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf h\u01b0\u1edbng theo d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 trong \u0111\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng, quan h\u1ec7 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. C\u00e1c em ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c em c\u00f3, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u00e1c em s\u1edf h\u1eefu, \u0111i\u1ec1u s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u201cNg\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u1ea1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean an ninh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c em v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00e1c em c\u1ea7n l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0o trong b\u1ed1n n\u0103m t\u1edbi th\u00ec t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c em g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c em \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c, c\u00e1c em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n sang khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y. To\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang c\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y v\u00e0 th\u1ea7y ch\u1eafc n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c em c\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1eefa. Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y, n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 qu\u1ed1c gia l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ed1t. \u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 qu\u1ed1c gia m\u1ea1nh, m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c m\u00f4n k\u0129 thu\u1eadt, sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc lu\u00e2n l\u00ed v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c. N\u1ebfu \u00fd ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 thu\u1ea7n khi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u1edfi c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u00e2n l\u00ed, th\u00ec h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p t\u00edch c\u1ef1c cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 cho s\u1ef1 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\u201d<\/p>\n
D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n l\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c: c\u00f3 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i t\u1edbi c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cqu\u1ea3n l\u00ed t\u00e0i n\u0103ng\u201d qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u1ea1nh tranh. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ef1 \u1ee9ng trong c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m trong nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi v\u1ecdng b\u1eafc c\u1ea7u qua k\u1ebd h\u1edf t\u00e0i n\u0103ng \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng r\u1ed9ng ra n\u00e0y.\u201d<\/p>\n
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—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
The Summer of 2015<\/p>\n
This summer I spent eight weeks in China, and India to teach software engineering courses. I met many anxious students who asked me about the latest skills that they need to get a good job. I also met many managers who were desperate to hire skilled workers but complained that universities were not producing graduates with the right skills they need. As I have written many times in my blog about the disconnect between universities that are training the next generation of workers and the companies who are hiring them. This lack of collaboration is bad for countries that need to improve their economy and solve unemployment problem. When I was in London, the situation with Greece\u2019s economy attracted a lot of attention but in my opinion, it is only the beginning. There are other European countries that have similar economic situation. I think Spain, Portugal, Italy and France will soon be next as their economic growth is low but the number of unemployment is very high. Few years ago, when I visited these countries their unemployment, especially among college graduates was already near 35%. I found that my Taxi driver was a college student; many people that worked in restaurants were college graduates and my tourist guide in Italy had a Master degree in clothing design.<\/p>\n
The available of jobs in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) fields has drawn a lot of attention in the news but I do not know why the number of students enrolling in these fields has only shown a slight increasing in the past few years. Among the best jobs, computer technology is ranked number one with software engineers and computer science jobs are on the top of the list. Today technology industry is hiring more and company leaders say that they are willing to provide additional trainings. My question is: \u201cWhy not many students are selecting this field?\u201d Why so many countries are having high-unemployed college graduates but shortage of technology workers?\u00a0 Some people told me that there was a lack of information about career development and proper guidance for students on the selecting fields of study. That may be true several years ago, but today with the Internet, Facebook, Twitter and thousands of news websites, I do not believe this is a good excuse. A technology manager told me: \u201cRecently we stopped hiring college graduates based on degree because many do not have the skills that we need. I do not know what they learn in schools but we do not consider degree as the factor for hiring anymore.\u201d Laszlo Bock, the Vice President of Google wrote that many college degrees are worthless, so his company is now testing all job applicants for skills before hiring them. My question is: \u201cAre we having an employment crisis or an education crisis?\u201d<\/p>\n
When I was teaching in Asia, many students approached me for advices on the latest skills that they need in order to get oversea jobs. In past years, my software engineering courses often had about hundred students, but this year the Big data analytics course had over five hundreds. Most Asian students already knew this is \u201cHot\u201d skill that they need. When I was in Europe, I found that each year over 100,000 skilled technology workers were \u201cimported\u201d from India and China to work there, but the shortage is still critical. Few days ago, I sat in a London restaurants with five Indian software developers, just came in from Mumbai to work there. The person served our table was a college students studying fashion design. She explained: \u201cIt is very difficult to get a job in the fashion market today due to fierce competition.\u201d I asked: \u201cThen why don\u2019t you study computer science?\u201d She explains: \u201cIt is too difficult.\u201d<\/p>\n
My friend, Charles told me: This college unemployment crisis is deeply rooted in the inability to cooperate between industry and university and it is common throughout Europe as every country has the same problem. The schools do not see the need to change, as there is no urgency to do anything. Teachers continue to teach whatever they taught in the past many years. Students are allowed to \u201cPass\u201d courses to go to the next class without any problem. The curriculum is still the same for many years so they are unable to prepare students for today\u2019s jobs. This is definitely an education crisis because many graduates are not prepared to develop proper skills that would make them employable. The result is many college graduates are unemployed but many jobs cannot be filled, or being filled by foreign workers.\u201d<\/p>\n
When I was in Asia, I advised students there: \u201cWhile specialized skills are required for many jobs oversea, but there are additional skills that make you more desirable to companies all over the world such as communication, leadership, teamwork and intellectual humility, the ability to attribute purpose to your work, and the responsibility of everything you do. You can learn technical skills, but without \u201csoft-skills\u201d, you will not go far in your career. Today most schools did not even teach these soft-skills but you should develop them on your own to better prepare yourselves for future jobs. As the new generation of the digital age, you must read more and learn more because things will change. You must keep an open mind, as everything that happens to you is an opportunity to learn.\u00a0 You must learn to lead, to collaborate with others, and create positive change in the world. Skills like problem solving, leadership, teamwork, empathy, honesty, social conscious and responsibility are very important. Whether you know it or not, we are gradually moving from an industrial age to an information age; from a local economy to a global economy; from products oriented economy to services oriented economy in which knowledge, skills, personal relationships and teamwork are the foundations to all works. You must understand that it is NOT about the degree that you have, but the skills that you possess, will make the difference.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u201cToday there is huge needs for software developers, network support specialists, systems analysts, computer security specialists, Information systems managers, data administrators and software engineers. If you are entering college, the best choices are these fields and all you need is to put in some efforts for the next four years than your future is almost guaranteed. If you already selecting something else, you could switch to science, technology to capture the opportunities. The whole world needs these skills and I am sure your country needs these skills to improve its economy too. In this competitive world of technology, the foundation of national defense is a good educational policy. In order to develop a strong national defense, every country must focus on the education of its citizens. In addition to technical courses, students should be educated in the principles of ethics and moral integrity. If their thoughts are pure and their activities are guided by an ethical purpose, then they will be able to contribute positively to their country and for the prosperity of everybody.\u201d<\/p>\n
It seems that what every country need is a collaborative effort by companies and educational leaders to improve the most urgent directives for the future of education: To have a strong technological workforce to meet the need of a growing economy. That means education policy leaders, university systems, and industry leaders must come together to create a national \u201ctalent management\u201d strategy in order to build a competitive workforce. By proactively provide trainings in both technical and soft-skills among current and future students and modifying the education system to provide market-relevant skills, we can hope to bridge this widening talent gap.\u201d<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
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