Khi sinh vi\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i t\u1edbi M\u0129 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh theo h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u tin kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef (ti\u1ebfng Anh so v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfng m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebb) nh\u01b0ng ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean t\u1edbi t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng Anh c\u0169ng g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. Theo quan s\u00e1t ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c trong c\u00e1ch d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n
Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ea1y \u1edf h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u Phi, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa. Sinh vi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1ed3i v\u00e0 nghe b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng r\u1ed3i t\u1ef1 h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc hay l\u00e0m b\u00e0i t\u1eadp. Vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ghi nh\u1edb thu\u1ed9c l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa v\u00e0 ghi ch\u00e9p b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ec thi. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, \u1edf c\u00e1c l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc M\u0129, b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ng\u1eafn, ch\u1ec9 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m then ch\u1ed1t nh\u01b0ng sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch tham gia v\u00e0o th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn tr\u00ean l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y th\u00eam vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Sinh vi\u00ean M\u0129 h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa. H\u1ecd truy nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o Internet \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u00f4ng tin th\u00eam, \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00e1c b\u00e0i b\u00e1o k\u0129 thu\u1eadt t\u1eeb c\u00e1c websites, xem video gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, hay nghe b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng tr\u00ean CD. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, ti vi, m\u00e1y chi\u1ebfu cho n\u00ean sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean M\u0129 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ecdc t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i tham gia v\u00e0o trong c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0o b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa v\u00e0 hi\u1ebfm khi tham gia v\u00e0o trong t\u1ed5. L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean M\u0129 nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi sinh vi\u00ean ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u Phi, vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. Kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho c\u00e1c kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t, sinh vi\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n
Vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc \u1edf M\u0129 l\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean \u0111ang l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1edf l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 v\u00ec nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn sinh vi\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0m b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecd. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u v\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i h\u01a1n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 c\u00f3 chung v\u0103n ho\u00e1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfng Anh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. V\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef t\u1ed1t, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n trong c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5. Nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean M\u0129 ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n v\u1edbi t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 \u01b0a th\u00edch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c n\u01a1i bi\u1ec7t l\u1eadp thay v\u00ec l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cEm t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 th\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc, em kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.\u201d Kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5. \u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc, nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 cho h\u1ecd. (L\u01b0u \u00fd: Th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1eabn nhau trong ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m ngang quy\u1ec1n. \u0110i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec3m chung cu\u1ed9c.) C\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i: \u201cTh\u1ea7y c\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 trong m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho c\u00e1c k\u0129 s\u01b0 ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u Phi. H\u1ecd th\u00f4ng minh v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong t\u1ed5. N\u1ebfu t\u00f4i cho h\u1ecd c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t n\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c t\u1ed1t l\u1eafm v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e2m v\u00e0o tr\u1ee5c tr\u1eb7c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t trong t\u1ed5. Ng\u00e0y nay ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c theo t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y.\u201d T\u00f4i c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 k\u00e9m hay l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea5p v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n
\u1ede ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u Phi, th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u00ednh cho h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9. \u1ede M\u0129 b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o, c\u00f3 tr\u1ee3 gi\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n. Trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng, sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng theo m\u1ed9t c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd ch\u0103m nom v\u1ec1 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp h\u00e0n l\u00e2m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 cho l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m. Nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n n\u00e0y gi\u00fap sinh vi\u00ean l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho h\u1ecd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1nh cho ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Sinh vi\u00ean M\u0129 \u0111i t\u1edbi g\u1eb7p c\u00e1c c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00ec nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng sinh vi\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t sinh vi\u00ean ch\u00e2u \u00c1 hi\u1ebfm khi \u0111i t\u1edbi g\u1eb7p c\u00e1c c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i d\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd v\u1edbi ai \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng gi\u1eef v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1ea1i cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi coi vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 t\u1eeb ai \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m. M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i: \u201cEm l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn v\u00e0 em kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1.\u201d Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn sinh vi\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i t\u1edbi h\u1ecdc \u1edf M\u0129 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng do kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng quen thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ee5t l\u1ea1i sau trong l\u1edbp v\u00e0 h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n. \u1ede m\u1ecdi tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00f3 tr\u1ee3 gi\u1ea3ng (TA), th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean \u1edf m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho h\u1ecd trong vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra \u00a0v\u1edbi tr\u1ee3 gi\u1ea3ng, sinh vi\u00ean ch\u00e2u \u00c1 hi\u1ebfn khi t\u00ecm s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 tr\u1eeb phi TA l\u00e0 ai \u0111\u00f3 t\u1edbi t\u1eeb c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc hay n\u00f3i c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef. Nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean ch\u00e2u \u00c1 b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u01b0a th\u00edch n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi t\u00f4i v\u00ec t\u00f4i c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e2u \u00c1 thay v\u00ec n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2y kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n
Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng M\u0129 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean trong l\u1edbp. \u1ede ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u Phi sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo k\u1ec9 lu\u1eadt nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t trong l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc. C\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi ph\u00e1 r\u1ed1i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ph\u1ea1t. X\u1eed tr\u00ed v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 k\u1ec9 lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian tr\u00ean l\u1edbp v\u00ec th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi duy tr\u00ec k\u1ec9 lu\u1eadt.\u00a0 Sinh vi\u00ean M\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho h\u00e0nh vi ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1edbi l\u1edbp. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf l\u1edbp m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecfi xin ph\u00e9p. Th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o hi\u1ebfm khi \u00e1p k\u1ec9 lu\u1eadt l\u00ean sinh vi\u00ean v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. N\u1ebfu sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u00e0n l\u00e2m hay kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1edbi g\u1eb7p ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ee3 gi\u1ea3ng. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, h\u1ecd n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p cho m\u1ecdi sinh vi\u00ean nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u00ec l\u00ed do n\u00e0o, n\u1ebfu sinh vi\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00ec sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Foreign students in U.S.<\/p>\n
When foreign students come to the U.S. to study, many are having difficulty adjusting to the education system here. Most people believe the difficulty is relating to language (English vs. native language) but even students who came from English speaking countries are also having difficulty. In my own observation, language is only one factor but the critical factors are difference in teaching methods and classroom environment.<\/p>\n
The teaching method in most countries, especially Asia and Africa, is mainly lecture-based with concentration on the textbooks. Students often sit and listen to lectures then study or do homework by themselves. The main learning is based on rote memorization from textbooks and lecture notes to pass exams. On the contrary, in U.S. classrooms, lectures are relatively short, only focus on key concepts but students are encouraged to involve in class discussions to further their learning. American students learned from many sources instead just textbooks. They access the Internet to search for more information, read technical articles from websites, watch education videos, or listen to lectures on CDs. Most classrooms are equipped with computers, TV, projector so students have many sources of information to learn from. Most American students also read materials first then participate in teams to exchange ideas and apply what they have learned in homeworks to develop their skills. Many foreign students\u2019 main study is from textbooks by themselves and rarely participates in team. Teamwork is essential part of the learning process of American students but with Asian and African, their learning is mostly an individual activity. Without understand these facts and be prepared for the differences, foreign students will continue to have difficulty adjusting and may not succeed in achieving their education goals.<\/p>\n
Studying in the U.S is a challenge, especially for students who are planning to stay and work there because small problems can become bigger problems if they cannot adjust to the new environment. Most foreign students have the tendency to make friends with people from their own country. That is easy to understand as they feel more comfortable with people who speak the same language and share similar culture. But it creates more problems in improve their English. And without good language skills, they will have more difficulties in class activities such as teamwork. Many American students complained to me that their foreign team members do not communicate well and prefer to work in isolation instead of being part of the team. Some foreign students explained: \u201cI come here for the education and there are so many things to learn, I do not have time to make friends with others.\u201d Without develop teamwork skills, many missed opportunity to learn and be part of the team. At the end of the course, many foreign students received the lowest score given by other team members. (Note: Team members evaluate each other in Peer review. This score is added to the final grade.) The same thing happened in the industry, many managers told me: \u201cYou need to emphasize more teamwork in your courses, especially to Asian and African engineers. They are smart and work hard but many have difficulty working in teams. If I give them something to do, they will complete it well. But if they have to work with others, they do not cooperate very well and often get into trouble. It is a communication issue but if they cannot talk to others, they cannot work well in team. Today most works are teamwork and they must have this skill.\u201d I also found that in technology industry, many foreign workers often received bad evaluation or low salaries because they cannot get along with others.<\/p>\n
In Asia and Africa, teachers are the main source of guidance for almost everything. In the U.S. beside the teachers, there are teaching assistant and counselors. In most schools, students are assigned to a counselor who will take care of their academic study, and gives advises about career and emotional needs. These counselors help students to plan their career and select courses that can help them to build a strong foundation for their career. American students go to see their counselors often for advices but foreign students, especially Asian rarely come to see their counselor. Some told me that they do not feel comfortable to express themselves with someone that they do not know. Most prefer to keep problems for themselves but the fact is many consider seeking help from someone else is a sign of weakness. A student told me: \u201cI am an adult and I do not need help.\u201d Most foreign students who come to study in the U.S. especially at top universities are often the best students but due to language difficulty and unfamiliar with the learning method, many falls behind in class and they are often depressed. In every school, there are teaching assistants (TA), usually graduate-level students, who are assigned to help them with their study. But the same thing happen with teaching assistant, Asian students rarely seek help unless the TA is someone who come from the same country or speak the same language. Many Asian students told me that they prefer to talk to me because I am also Asian rather talk to other westerners.<\/p>\n
Another factor that distinguishes U.S. schools from others is students\u2019 behavior in class. In Asia and Africa students must follow strict disciplines in classrooms. Disruptive behavior is not acceptable and can be punished. Dealing with these disciplinary issues can take away classroom time as teachers are the disciplined person.\u00a0 American students are trained very early to be responsible for their own behavior. If they do not want to study, they do not have to come to class. If they do not want to study, they can leave the class without asking permission. Teachers rarely have to discipline students because it is not their job. If students have academic problems or do not understand class materials, they can come to see the teaching assistant. If they have personal problems, they talk to the counselor. These are services provided to all students but for whatever reason, if foreign students do not want to use these services, they will miss a chance to improve their study because students cannot solve all problems by themselves.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Khi sinh vi\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i t\u1edbi M\u0129 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh theo h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4828","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-giao-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4828","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4828"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4828\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4829,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4828\/revisions\/4829"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4828"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4828"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4828"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}