{"id":477,"date":"2013-06-19T21:33:16","date_gmt":"2013-06-19T14:33:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=477"},"modified":"2013-06-19T21:33:16","modified_gmt":"2013-06-19T14:33:16","slug":"quan-li-du-lieu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=477","title":{"rendered":"Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1eef li\u1ec7u"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cD\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u00a0Ch\u00fang em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u1edbi n\u00e0y \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u? Xin th\u1ea7y l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean.”<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0110\u00e1p: D\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n t\u1eadp c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh kh\u00f3 x\u1eed l\u00ed b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi hay c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng x\u1eed l\u00ed d\u1eef li\u1ec7u truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. V\u00ec t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp, l\u01b0u gi\u1eef, t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt, n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1edbi t\u1edbi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. L\u00ed do l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n cho n\u00ean kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp \u0111ang t\u0103ng l\u00ean nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed th\u00f4ng tin ph\u1ee5 suy d\u1eabn t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u1eadp l\u1edbp c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y, khi so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1eadp nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7n s\u1eb5n c\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng kinh doanh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c trong chi ti\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c mua nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u01b0\u1eddng khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o. C\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 qui tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed m\u1ecdi kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh. M\u1ecdi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp, l\u01b0u gi\u1eef, d\u00f9ng, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt, v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i cho ngh\u1ec9. V\u1edbi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u1eed l\u00ed d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u0103ng l\u00ean nhanh ch\u00f3ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n cho ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 l\u00e0m b\u00e1o c\u00e1o qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed l\u00e0 s\u1eb5n c\u00f3, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 an ninh.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5p qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7, quan ch\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u1ea5p cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00fang l\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ecb mu\u1ed9n hay kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng tin, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m nghi\u1ec7m ch\u00fang; v\u00e0 trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng n\u00e0y, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh mu\u1ed9n th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00e9m. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7, c\u1ea5p qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00e1c nhau t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ea5p qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ec3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn, qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111ang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 m\u00f4n m\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin. N\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m Qui qu\u1ea3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hay qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng ti; C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hay \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u; Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hay l\u01b0u gi\u1eef v\u00e0 truy l\u1ee5c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u; Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hay b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong to\u00e0n c\u00f4ng ti v\u00e0 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c kinh doanh v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p; Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hay \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 An ninh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hay b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n d\u00f9ng n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

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—-English version—-<\/p>\n

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Data management<\/p>\n

A student wrote to me: \u201cWhat is big data? What is data management? Where can we learn about this new field? Please advice.<\/p>\n

Answer: Big data\u00a0is a collection of data that are so large and complex that it becomes difficult to process using current database management tools or traditional data processing applications. Since the data set is too big to be collected, stored, search, analyzed and updated, it needs a new approach to data management. The reason is today many companies are fully automated so the amount of data collected is increasing fast and management needs additional information derive from the analysis of these large set of data, as compared to smaller sets of current available data, in order for them to identify business trends and other applications in much more detail.<\/p>\n

Successful data management requires more than just investment in buying more hardware as some technology consultants often recommend. Company must invest in having a well defined data management process in place as well as skilled people to manage all aspects of the data lifecycle. All data must be collected,\u00a0stored, used, updated, modified, and then retired. With the amount of data increasing fast, it is critical to ensure that data needed for management decision making and reporting is available, accurate, complete and secure.<\/p>\n

Without a skilled data management in place, senior executives may not receive the right information on time to make decision. If they receive information that is late or untrustworthy, they will need more time to analyze and validate them; and in this fast changing world, a late decision is often a bad decision. Without a data management system in place, management may receive different information from different sources with different terminology and data formats and they often are confused. Effective data management allows management to have enough information to make better decision.<\/p>\n

With big data, data management is becoming more complex than before and it needs to have a structured approach to support decision making process. Data management is a new course often taught at the Information System Management program. It consists of Data Governance or the management and oversee of company data; Data Structure or the definition of data; Data Architecture or the storage and retrieval of data; Data Management or the maintenance of data throughout a company and with business partners and suppliers; Data Quality or the accuracy, completeness and legal compliance of data and Data Security or the protection of data and the authorization to use it.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cD\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u00a0Ch\u00fang em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-477","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau","category-quan-li-he-thong-tin"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/477","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=477"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/477\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":479,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/477\/revisions\/479"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=477"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=477"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=477"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}