Theo nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e1o c\u00e1o, s\u1ed1 gian l\u1eadn c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean \u0111ang t\u0103ng l\u00ean trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. T\u1eeb M\u0129, Anh, Ph\u00e1p, \u0110\u1ee9c t\u1edbi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Australia \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p gian l\u1eadn trong nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng danh ti\u1ebfng nh\u01b0 Harvard, Stanford v\u00e0 Princeton c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 gian l\u1eadn. M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i bao nhi\u00eau sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb k\u1ec9 lu\u1eadt v\u00ec gian l\u1eadn nh\u01b0ng n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 tr\u00ean 500 sinh vi\u00ean b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed5i h\u1ecdc kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y. V\u00e0i th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, Harvard n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng h\u01a1n 100 sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec1u tra v\u1ec1 \u0103n c\u1eafp \u00fd khi l\u00e0m c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi trong b\u00e0i thi chung k\u1ebft. Theo \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, \u0103n c\u1eafp \u00fd l\u00e0 sao ch\u00e9p c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ai \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang b\u1ea1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tr\u00edch d\u1eabn ngu\u1ed3n. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 \u0103n c\u1eafp \u00fd l\u00e0 gian l\u1eadn ch\u00fat n\u00e0o. M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean n\u00f3i: \u201cEm kh\u00f4ng sao ch\u00e9p t\u1eeb sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00e1c, em c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi t\u1eeb Internet v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec sai v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3.\u201d S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0103n c\u1eafp \u00fd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c tr\u00edch d\u1eabn ngu\u1ed3n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u01b0\u1ee3n t\u1eeb ai \u0111\u00f3. (nh\u01b0, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 hay b\u00e0i b\u00e1o tr\u00ean Internet v.v. v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng link \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.)<\/p>\n
Donald L. McCabe, \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u201cGian l\u1eadn \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc\u201d \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a gian l\u1eadn l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c sao ch\u00e9p t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u00edch d\u1eabn \u0111\u00fang, th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, l\u1ea5y c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi thi tr\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c, n\u1ed9p b\u00e0i do ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m, v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c ghi ch\u00fa trong khi thi. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng th\u00f3i quen gian l\u1eadn trong c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng; v\u00e0 h\u01a1n 2\/3 s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u00f3 tham gia v\u00e0o h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c gian l\u1eadn n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n
Khi d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1, t\u00f4i nghe n\u00f3i nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 r\u1eb1ng sinh vi\u00ean ng\u00e0y nay kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5 khi h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean gian l\u1eadn. M\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 g\u1ecdi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cB\u1ec7nh h\u00e0n l\u00e2m lan to\u1ea3 nhanh.\u201d Trong th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi h\u1ecd, t\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i: \u201cGian l\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng m\u1edbi; sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng gian l\u1eadn trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m nh\u01b0ng thay v\u00ec ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n v\u1ec1 h\u1ecd, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 l\u00e0m sao ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng gian l\u1eadn? L\u00ed do \u0111\u1ec3 sinh vi\u00ean gian l\u1eadn l\u00e0 h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ec thi, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng \u0111o h\u1ecd b\u1eb1ng b\u00e0i thi th\u00ec gian l\u1eadn s\u1ebd d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i. Trong l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i cho sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t trong b\u00e0i thi m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i th\u1ee9 hai \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i b\u00e0i thi. C\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1ee3t h\u1ecd m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i cho t\u1edbi khi h\u1ecd th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. (Xem blog c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i th\u1ee9 hai.) \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao sinh vi\u00ean hi\u1ebfm khi gian l\u1eadn trong m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00ed do \u0111\u1ec3 gian l\u1eadn.\u201d<\/p>\n
L\u00fac b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1edbp, t\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i sao \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi h\u1ecd l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u00f4i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecd trung th\u1ef1c v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd, cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecd. Gian l\u1eadn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho h\u1ecd qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ec thi v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111i xa trong ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd gian l\u1eadn, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c gian l\u1eadn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean s\u1ed1ng trong s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i b\u1ecb ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd gian l\u1eadn v.. V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u1edbi gian l\u1eadn \u1edf trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u1ef1 h\u1ecd gian l\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc. T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho h\u1ecd r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i th\u1ee9 hai \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc, n\u1ebfu v\u00ec b\u1ea5t k\u00ec l\u00ed do g\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t trong k\u00ec thi, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd v\u00e0 cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0n l\u00e2m gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 x\u00e2y nh\u00e0, t\u1eebng vi\u00ean g\u1ea1ch m\u1ed9t, khi t\u1eebng l\u1edbp l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u00ean g\u1ea1ch m\u00e0 h\u1ecd s\u1ebd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean tr\u00ean l\u1edbp kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 h\u1ecd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean g\u1ea1ch v\u1eefng ch\u00e3i, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed5 s\u1ee5p, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ai \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n
T\u00f4i c\u0169ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00e2u k\u1ebft. C\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c l\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o cho ph\u00e9p. T\u1ed5 tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea7y cho khi h\u1ecd c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c tr\u00ean d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp. Th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 chia s\u1ebb \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0ng t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng. C\u00e2u k\u1ebft l\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c khi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o cho ph\u00e9p. Sinh vi\u00ean chia s\u1ebb c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c hay sao ch\u00e9p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o tin r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. Trong ki\u1ec3u c\u00e2u k\u1ebft n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c trong khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m r\u1ea5t \u00edt, do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc m\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n
T\u00f4i c\u0169ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa ngu\u1ef5 t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c. Ngu\u1ef5 t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 t\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hay k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 \u201cvi\u1ebft m\u00e3 c\u1ee9ng\u201d cho c\u00e1i ra c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh s\u00e1nh \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mong mu\u1ed1n cho d\u00f9 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. Xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c l\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mong \u0111\u1ee3i v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 cho nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 v\u1ebb \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean ngu\u1ef5 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc b\u1ea1 khi xin vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u1edbi hi v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd b\u1ecb b\u1eaft hay khi c\u00f4ng ti t\u00ecm ra v\u1ec1 sau, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd b\u1ecb sa th\u1ea3i. V\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 ng\u00e0y nay, c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i b\u1ecb b\u1eaft l\u00e0 cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi h\u1ecd ngh\u0129. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n trong n\u0103m 2013, Annette Schavan, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ngu\u1ef5 t\u1ea1o lu\u1eadn v\u0103n ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 \u1ea5y t\u1eeb 32 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. B\u00e0 \u1ea5y b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed5i, v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 \u1ea5y b\u1ecb thu h\u1ed3i. V\u00e0i th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, Karl Guttenberg, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng \u0110\u1ee9c c\u0169ng b\u1ecb t\u00ecm ra xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong lu\u1eadn \u00e1n ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y v\u00e0 b\u1ecf \u0111i trong nh\u1ee5c nh\u00e3<\/p>\n
V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, v\u1edbi gian l\u1eadn sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i g\u00ec. H\u1ecd g\u00e2y b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 gian l\u1eadn theo c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec sao? \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu b\u00e1c s\u0129 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu cho b\u1ea1n hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh b\u1ea1n? B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c cho ph\u00e9p gian l\u1eadn x\u1ea3y ra, b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o ra t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng trung th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Khi sinh vi\u00ean gian l\u1eadn trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd gian l\u1eadn trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng trung th\u1ef1c n\u00e0y lan to\u1ea3 trong to\u00e0n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra? T\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ai tin c\u1eady ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c th\u00ec sao? T\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng trung th\u1ef1c th\u00ec sao?<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Cheating in school<\/p>\n
According to several reports, the number of students\u2019 cheating is increasing in universities worldwide. From the U.S, UK, France, Germany to India, China and Australia there were many cases of school cheatings. Even prestigious schools like Harvard, Stanford and Princeton also found that many of their students were cheating. Although these schools would not say how many students had been disciplined for cheating but last year there were over 500 students were dismissed from these universities. Few months ago, Harvard said that more than 100 students were being investigated for plagiarizing answers on the final exam. By definition, plagiarize is the copy of someone else’s work as your own without citing the source. It has serious consequence but the problem is students do not think plagiarism is cheating at all. A student said: \u201cI did not copy from other students, I get the answer from the Internet and there is nothing wrong with it.\u201d The fact is most cases of plagiarism can be avoided by citing the sources such as a note states that certain material has been borrowed from someone. (i.e., an author or an article on the Internet etc. with the link to find that source is acceptable.)<\/p>\n
Donald L. McCabe, the co-author of the book \u201cCheating in College\u201d defined cheating as copying material without proper citation, padding bibliographies, getting exam questions in advance, collaborative homework, turning in paper done by others, and using notes during exams. He also found that cheating habits among college students develop prior to arriving at college, usually in high school; and more than 2\/3 of college students report in engaging in some form of cheating.<\/p>\n
When teaching in Asia, I heard a lot of professors\u2019 complains that today\u2019s students have no shame as they cheat often. One professor called it \u201cThe academic disease that is spreading fast.\u201d During the discussion with them, I explained my view: \u201cCheating is not new; college students have been cheating for years but instead of complaining about them, my question is how we can help students not to cheat? The reason that students cheat is they want to pass exams, if we do not measure them by exams then the cheating would stop. In my class, I give students that did not do well in exam a second chance to retake the exam. My view is not to fail them but make sure that they learn and re-learn until they really know the materials. (See my blog on second chance.) That is why students rarely cheat in my course because there is no reason to cheat.\u201d<\/p>\n
At the beginning of the class, I clearly explain why it is important for them to learn and develop their skills. I ask them to be honest with themselves because it is part of growing up to be responsible person for themselves, for their society and their country. Cheating may help them to pass exams and even get a degree but without knowledge and skills they will not go far in their career. If they cheat, they will have to continue to cheat and may constantly live in fear of being discovered that they cheat etc. Basically by cheating in school, they cheat themselves an opportunity to learn. I explain to them that they do have a second chance to learn, if for whatever reason they do not do well in the exam, but they must study for themselves and for their future. I explain that academic work is like building a house, brick by brick, as each class is one brick that they will build upon another. It is important that they build their own house on solid bricks, else the house will fell apart, and it is their house, not someone else\u2019s house.<\/p>\n
I also explain the difference between collaboration and collusion. Collaboration is working together with others in a team and it is permitted by teachers. The team follows instructions given by the teachers as they collaborate on class project. Team members share ideas and discuss course materials with others but each should perform their own work according to the assigned roles and responsibilities. Collusion is working with others when it is not allowed by teachers. Students share the works or copy others but let teachers believe that the work is done individually. In this type of collusion, some students may do most of the work while others do very little, therefore do not learn much.<\/p>\n
I also explain the difference between fabrication and falsification. To fabricate is to make-up data on research or results such as \u201chard code\u201d the outputs of a program to match desired results even the program does not work. To falsify is to change the results to make it more favorable to something such as begin from expected results and working backwards so the research looks impressive. Some students falsifying school records, test results and transcripts when applying for job with the hope that they can get better offers. What they do not know is if they get caught or when the company find out later, they will be dismissed. With many information are available today, the chance to get caught is much higher than they think. For example in 2013, Annette Schavan, Germany\u2019s Education Minister was found plagiarized her PhD dissertation 32 years ago. She was fired, and her doctorate degree was revoked. Few months earlier, Karl Guttenberg, German Defense Minister was also found to falsified data in his doctoral dissertation and quit in disgrace.<\/p>\n
Basically, by cheating students do not learn anything. They penalize themselves and everyone who depends on their knowledge and skills. Imagine you are treated by a doctor who cheated his way through school? What will happen if the doctor performs surgery on you or your family members? By allow cheating to happen, you create situation where dishonesty is consider a normal thing. When students cheat in school, they will cheat at work and this dishonesty spread into the whole society then what will happen? Imagine a society that no one trusts others? Imagine a society where everybody is dishonest?<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Theo nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e1o c\u00e1o, s\u1ed1 gian l\u1eadn c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean \u0111ang t\u0103ng l\u00ean trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. T\u1eeb M\u0129, Anh, Ph\u00e1p, \u0110\u1ee9c … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4746","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4746","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4746"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4746\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4747,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4746\/revisions\/4747"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4746"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4746"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4746"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}