Ng\u00e0y nay d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng t\u1eeb 1.5 t\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m 1950 t\u1edbi 5 t\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m 2012 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi 6 t\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 2040. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh trong m\u1ecdi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e0 l\u00e0m sao t\u00ecm ra vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u Phi n\u01a1i d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 \u0111ang t\u0103ng nhanh nh\u1ea5t. M\u1ed1i quan ng\u1ea1i then ch\u1ed1t l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 h\u1ed7n \u0111\u1ed9n v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u Phi v\u00e0 Trung \u0110\u00f4ng. Thanh ni\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng hi v\u1ecdng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng b\u1ecb tham gia v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p, c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, ma tu\u00fd, r\u01b0\u1ee3u ch\u00e8 hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed tham gia v\u00e0o kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1.<\/p>\n
V\u1edbi Internet, to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5i l\u00ean. V\u00ec th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e0 l\u00e0 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, c\u1ea1nh tranh l\u00e0 d\u1eef d\u1ed9i v\u00ec m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd m\u00e0 v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i hay kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i t\u1eeb ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0y sang ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 du h\u00e0nh \u0111i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. V\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m tri\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng \u0111i b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111ang tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ea5t s\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed9ng. Khi t\u00f4i \u1edf Dubai, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i: \u201cH\u1ecd l\u00e0 r\u1ebb h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng cho n\u00ean trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m qua ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.\u201d T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi: \u201c\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra cho c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng?\u201d \u00d4ng \u1ea5y l\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea7u: \u201cH\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m.\u201d Khi t\u00f4i \u1edf ch\u00e2u Phi, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1edbi th\u0103m m\u1ed9t m\u1ecf n\u01a1i ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c. T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed: \u201c\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra cho c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ch\u00e2u Phi? T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 l\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u0169ng th\u1ea5p.\u201d \u00d4ng \u1ea5y tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: \u201cV\u00e2ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c mua m\u1ecf cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111em c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0o.\u201d T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi: \u201c\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra cho c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng?\u201d \u00d4ng \u1ea5y n\u00f3i: \u201cKh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho h\u1ecd.\u201d Khi ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u00edt vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m lao \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1eb5n c\u00f3, c\u00f3 th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p cao h\u01a1n trong thanh ni\u00ean \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n
Trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m n\u1eefa to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t con s\u00f3ng th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed5i ngh\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd sang c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. Kh\u00f4ng ai bi\u1ebft c\u00e1i g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 n\u00e0y khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh theo thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n qua nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y n\u00f3 \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ed9 nhanh h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u do t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cho n\u00ean ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee7 nhanh. Theo m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u201cTo\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3 bom v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ai bi\u1ebft khi n\u00e0o n\u00f3 s\u1ebd n\u1ed5.\u201d Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn l\u00e1i b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y. V\u00ec c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u00edt t\u00ednh lao \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai nh\u01b0ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u01a1n. Logic hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c sang h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o Khoa h\u1ecdc, C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc (STEM).<\/p>\n
Ng\u00e0y nay robots \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong m\u1ecdi ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng bao l\u00e2u nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c \u00f4 t\u00f4 t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i v\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c th\u0103ng giao h\u00e0ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i xe bus, xe t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 taxi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. C\u00f2n h\u01a1n th\u1ebf, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng sang c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng n\u1eefa. Ch\u1eb3ng bao l\u00e2u x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 75% c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1. Nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh: ti\u1ebfp t\u00e2n, th\u01b0 k\u00ed, b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi m\u00e1y m\u00f3c v\u00e0 robots. Trong th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 19, cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u00edt gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1ea1o ra vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c STEM.<\/p>\n
V\u1edbi thanh ni\u00ean \u0111ang v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111ang l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n; cho d\u00f9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 trong c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ra m\u1ecdi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 cho b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang. Thay v\u00ec v\u1ea9n v\u01a1 ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc g\u00ec, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y m\u00e0 \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0o trong ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 y t\u1ebf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, chuy\u00ean gia h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin v.v. Ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ecdn l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0o. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c mi\u1ec7t m\u00e0i v\u00ec b\u1ea1n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c m\u00f4n d\u1ec5 v\u00ec b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd nh\u1eadn ra ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o b\u1ea1n ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00ec h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c mi\u1ec7t m\u00e0i v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c. H\u1ecd th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c n\u00e0o. Khi h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f3, h\u1ecd t\u1eeb b\u1ecf m\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng th\u1eed; h\u1ecd ch\u1ecdn m\u00f4n d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng. H\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb sao l\u00e3ng b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng cho \u0111\u1eddi h\u1ecd v\u00ec h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 \u0111i t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y sang \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00e1c. H\u1ecd ghi nh\u1edb c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c k\u00ec thi \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ea1nh tranh cao n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t sai l\u1ea7m nh\u1ecf trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 l\u1edbn trong \u0111\u1eddi.<\/p>\n
Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ai \u0111\u01b0a n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ra kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u00fac b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc b\u1ea1n ho\u00e0i nghi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho\u00e1ng ng\u1ee3p b\u1ea1n, ch\u00fang t\u1edbi v\u00e0 ch\u00fang s\u1ebd \u0111i. Qui t\u1eafc chung trong \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i d\u00e0nh qu\u00e3ng hai gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi gi\u1edd b\u1ea1n d\u00e0nh ra tr\u00ean l\u1edbp. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn sinh vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd d\u00e0nh qu\u00e3ng 35 t\u1edbi 40 gi\u1edd m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n: \u201c\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u, khi n\u00e0o em t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng?\u201d T\u00f4i b\u1ea3o h\u1ecd: \u201cEm c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00e0nh ra 4 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 cho em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i cho ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi em; hay em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng 4 n\u0103m b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u00e0 d\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eddi em trong lo ngh\u0129. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a em.\u201d N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng anh ta c\u1ea7n d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n g\u00e1i n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4 \u1ea5y s\u1ebd b\u1ecf anh ta. T\u00f4i b\u1ea3o anh ta r\u1eb1ng anh ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian v\u1edbi c\u00f4 \u1ea5y b\u00e2y gi\u1edd nh\u01b0ng c\u00f4 \u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf anh ta khi anh ta tr\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 tr\u1edf n\u00ean b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p. T\u00f4i n\u00f3i: \u201cEm c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7t \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a em v\u00ec em v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea1n g\u00e1i.\u201d Sinh vi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng than: \u201cNh\u01b0ng khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 kh\u00f3.\u201d T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi h\u1ecd: \u201cL\u00e0m sao em bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 n\u1ebfu em ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd h\u1ecdc ch\u00fang? V\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean ngh\u0129 ch\u00fang l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 cho c\u00f3 \u00edt c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 ki\u1ebfm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m h\u01a1n.\u201d<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c ngh\u1ec1 STEM g\u00e2y k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00ec ch\u00fang xoay quanh th\u00f4ng tin. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 m\u1edbi th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ch\u00fang m\u1edf ra nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i th\u1ebf. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ch\u00e1n v\u00ec ch\u00fang y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 th\u1ebf. T\u00f4i tin c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec1 STEM c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1ch ch\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh; c\u00e1c k\u0129 s\u01b0 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Trong hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m qua c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn h\u01a1n h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m t\u1edbi s\u1ebd c\u00f2n k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o v\u00ec c\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y \u1edf m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n
Hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c v\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh dung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra tr\u00ean qui m\u00f4 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u1ee9 h\u00ecnh dung r\u1eb1ng Internet m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 25 tu\u1ed5i; iPhone \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra n\u0103m 2007; v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c in 3D m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 4 tu\u1ed5i. Trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m t\u1edbi, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y xe \u00f4 t\u00f4 t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u201cB\u00e1c s\u0129 trong t\u00fai\u201d; v\u00e0 in 3D m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 in ra h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 th\u1edb th\u1ecbt con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi c\u01a1n s\u00f3ng th\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn l\u00e1i b\u1edfi c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9. L\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn tham gia v\u00e0o trong n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t k\u0129 s\u01b0, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc; hay b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee9ng t\u00e1ch ra v\u00e0 nh\u00ecn n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1n gi\u1ea3; v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
The Tsunami of changes<\/p>\n
Today the world population has increased from 1.5 billion in 1950 to 5 billion in 2012 and could to grow to 6 billion by 2040. The major issue among all governments is how to find jobs to their people, especially in Asia and Africa where the population is growing the fastest. The key concern is without appropriate actions, there could be chaos as it already happened in some countries in Africa and the Middle East. Young people without jobs, without direction, and without hope are easily get involved in lawless behaviors, anti-social activities, drugs, alcohol or even participate in terrorism.<\/p>\n
With the Internet, the whole world is now fully connected and a global economy has emerged. As the job market is no longer local but global, competition is fierce because people do not compete with people within their own country but with every country. Today works can be distributed or outsourced from one place to another quickly and workers can travel to work in another country easily. With hundreds of millions labor workers in India and China willing to travel anywhere to find jobs, the labor job market is getting very intensive. When I was in Dubai, I saw hundreds of thousand Chinese and Indian labor workers working in construction projects. A manager told me: \u201cThey are much cheaper than local workers so in the past few years we brought in more of them for construction works.\u201d I asked: \u201cWhat happen to the local workers?\u201d He shook his head: \u201cThey cannot compete so they do not have jobs.\u201d When I was in Africa, I visited a mine where most workers are Chinese. I asked the manager: \u201cWhat happen to African workers? I think their wages are also low.\u201d He answered: \u201cYes their wages are lower but the Chinese bought the mine so they can bring in their own workers.\u201d I asked: \u201cWhat happen to local workers?\u201d He said: \u201cThere are no jobs for them.\u201d As fewer labor jobs are available there is higher unemployment among the youth in many countries.<\/p>\n
In the next few years the whole world will see a tsunami of changes of unprecedented magnitude as many workers will have to change their occupations to something else or they will not have jobs. Nobody will know what will happen because of this huge global job loss as technology and automation are increasing being used in many industries. In the past, workers can adjust to changes gradually over many years but this time it is happening at much faster pace due to the speed of technology changes so most will not be able acquiring new skill fast enough. According to a well-known economist \u201cThe whole world is sitting on a bomb and no one know when it will go off.\u201d Without adequate strategy, many countries cannot compete in this technology driven global economy. As technologies continue to advance, there will be much less labor works in the future but there will be more technology works. The obvious logic is to develop more technology workers by quickly shifting the education system to focus on Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM).<\/p>\n
Today robots are being used across industries and soon many jobs in transportation and logistics will be fully automated with self-driven cars and delivery drones that will make bus, truck and taxi drivers out of work. More than that, automation is also extended to other office works too. Soon approximately 75% of office works will be automated. Many office and administrative works; receptionist, secretary, sales will be done by machines and robots. In the 19th century, the industrial revolution created many employment opportunities for less educated workers to work in factories but the technology revolution has mainly created jobs for highly-skilled and college educated workers to work in entirely new technology industries. Basically most future jobs require at least a college degree in STEM fields.<\/p>\n
To young people who are going to college, you are taking an important step toward your future career; even some of you may not yet sure of what it may be. It is important for you to realize all the possibilities and the choices in front of you so you can make the right decision. Instead of wandering what to study, you can plan your future by reading more about these changes that are happening all over the world and set your education goals accordingly. A college education can take you into a good career such as medical doctor, computer programmer, software engineer, entrepreneur, mathematician, information system specialist etc. The choice is yours, and it is important for you to decide which one. Of course a successful college career requires carefully planning and hard work because you go to college to get educated. You should not select easy courses because you never realize your full potential until you are challenged. People are successful because they work hard and overcome challenges. They are successful because they have the knowledge, the skills, and the determination to succeed. Many people go to college but do not succeed because they do not put in any effort. When they face something difficult, they give up without even try; they select easy courses so they can have more time to enjoy themselves. They often get distracted by other trivial things and have no sense of direction for their life as they just move from one thing to another. They memorize facts to pass exams so they can get a degree, but without knowledge and skills they cannot get job. In this highly competitive world, a small mistake in school can have big consequence in life.<\/p>\n
For many years of teaching, I can assure you that anyone who put in the efforts can be successful in college. It is the hard work that separates those who are successful from those who are not. Of course there are times when you do not think you can do it, there are moments when you doubt your ability but do not let these things to overwhelmed you, they come and they will go. The general rule in college is that you should spend about two hours to study for every hour that you spend in class. Most successful students told me that they spend about 35 to 40 hours per week to study as a minimum. Some students complained: \u201cThat is too much, when do I find time to enjoy?\u201d I told them: \u201cYou can spend 4 years to study so you may live comfortable for the rest of your life; or you can enjoy 4 years now and spend the rest of your life worry. It is your choice.\u201d Last year a student told me that he needed to spend more time with his girlfriend else she will leave him. I told him that he may spend time with her now but she may left him when he fails college and become unemployed. I said: \u201cYou need to set your priority because you go to college to get educated, not to get a girlfriend.\u201d Students often lamented: \u201cBut science and technology are difficult.\u201d I asked them: \u201cHow do you know that they are difficult if you never study them? Because many students think they are difficult so they avoid them so there is less competition and easier to get job\u201d<\/p>\n
STEM careers are exciting because they revolve around innovation. There are so many new things to learn and they open so many opportunities. If you study these fields, you will never be bore as they require challenging works and allow you to explore so many things. I believe STEM careers can improve our world and make it better. For example, scientists find a cure to diseases; engineers create products such as computers, mobile phones to help make life easier for people. In the past twenty years there are more innovations than the past thousand years and I think the next ten years will be more exciting with more innovations than ever before. If you have these technology skills, you can work anywhere since there is a shortage of these skills in every country.<\/p>\n
Currently we are witnessing so many technological innovations that cannot be imagined few years ago and it is happening on a global scale, affecting everyone, everywhere and every country. Just imagine that the Internet was only 25 years old; the first iPhone was created in 2007; and 3D printing was only 4 years old. In the next few years, you will see self-driven cars, smartphones become \u201cDoctor in the pocket\u201d; and 3D printing that can print almost anything, including human organs and tissues. Basically we are facing a tsunami of technological change, driven by information technology revolution that affecting everything. As students you can chose to participate in it as an engineer, a scientist; or you can stay away and look at it as a spectators; and it is your choice.<\/p>\n
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