C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t: Nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ti ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kinh doanh hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng, c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng b\u00e1n l\u1ebb, nh\u00e0 may, nh\u00e0 b\u00e1n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u1edf ch\u1ee3 v.v. Nh\u1eefng doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t mi\u1ec1n v\u1edbi t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1o ra c\u00f4ng ti ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean tri th\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 hu\u1ef7 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m ph\u00e1t sinh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 thu\u00ea m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean. T\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi, v\u00e0 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean v\u00f4 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n
T\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m kinh t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 c\u1ea7n th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. \u00cdch l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nh\u01b0ng m\u1eb7c cho t\u00ednh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eabn th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. Hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, khi t\u00f4i \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c “mi\u1ec1n nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p” hay Thung l\u0169ng Silicon c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u1edf Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i v\u00e0 B\u1eafc Kinh. Khi t\u00f4i \u1edf H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n “v\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p” \u1edf Seoul nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0y nay v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec l\u1edbn l\u1eafm c\u1ea3. M\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u1edf Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cTrong h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong c\u1ea3 n\u0103m, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn trong h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u1edbi khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch thu\u1ebf v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian thu\u00ea v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t ti\u1ec1n nh\u01b0ng \u00edt c\u00f4ng ti th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Hai trong c\u00e1c l\u00ed do th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ea5t cho th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i l\u00e0 \u201cKh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp “c\u1ea1n ti\u1ec1n.” Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea1n t\u00f4i k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i \u1edf H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n
C\u1ea3 hai v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ee5 th\u00eam v\u00ec c\u00e1c k\u0129 s\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u00fang. C\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c, t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u1eddng chia s\u1ebb kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ho\u1eb7c trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hay tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn. C\u00e1c k\u0129 s\u01b0 n\u00ean t\u00ecm th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. M\u1eb7c cho vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n c\u1ee7a th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ph\u1ea1m ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 trong khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Trong m\u00f4n kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1eddi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng t\u1edbi v\u00e0 chia s\u1ebb nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd n\u01a1i sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1edfi m\u1edf nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Khi t\u00f4i n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 t\u00f4i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ch\u00fang v\u00e0o trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh, kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft v\u00ec t\u00f4i tin kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u00ednh th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p, m\u1ed7i cu\u1ed1n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 cu\u1ed1n l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u1edf m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i. \u0110i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u1edf M\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00ec m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 v\u0103n ho\u00e1 l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c ch\u0103ng? Vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb kinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n
Khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo m\u1ed9t qui tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc r\u00fat ra. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng theo m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi qui tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng l\u00e0 v\u00f4 d\u1ee5ng. Thay v\u00ec h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec h\u1ecd l\u00e0m s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho nhu c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y. Sau khi c\u00f3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o ki\u1ec3u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi m\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3u gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb hay \u00edch l\u1ee3i n\u00e0o m\u00e0 h\u1ecd cung c\u1ea5p cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed, t\u0103ng l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn hay t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u00e1ch gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao n\u00f3 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh mua s\u1eafm c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n
C\u00f3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0o c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft. Trong l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o h\u1ecd ch\u01b0a nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec h\u1ecd t\u1ea1o ra c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m nghi\u1ec7m gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec h\u1ecd l\u00e0m c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng mua tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ecd th\u1eadm ch\u00ed b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111em t\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0o, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng n\u00e0o, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ph\u1ecfng \u0111o\u00e1n th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c cho th\u1ea3m ho\u1ea1.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Building a successful startup<\/p>\n
There are two distinct categories of entrepreneur: Traditional entrepreneurs are people who start their own company based on existing business such as restaurant, retail, tailor, selling foods in market etc. These businesses are typically limited within a region with limited growth. The technology entrepreneurs are people who create their own company based on their innovative knowledge and their products can disrupt the market resulting in significant growth beyond the local region. The traditional entrepreneurs depend on the local market to succeed and often hire a limit numbers of employee. In contrast, the technology entrepreneurs change the market, open new industries, and grow bigger with unlimited number of employee.<\/p>\n
From an economic view, countries that want to succeed in globalized economy need to promote technology entrepreneurs. The growth of these startups can create more jobs and prosperity to the economy. The benefits of entrepreneurship are well understood but despite the popularity and efforts, many startups still fail. Twenty years ago, when I was in China, the government already tried to promote the development of an \u201cEntrepreneur regions\u201d or China\u2019s Silicon Valley in Shanghai and Beijing. When I was in S. Korea, people also mentioned about the development of a \u201cStartup zones\u201d in Seoul but today there are still nothing significant. A professor in Shanghai explained: \u201cOf the thousands of startups that created throughout the year, most of them failed. They all have received government\u2019s support with tax incentives and free renting office space but few succeed. The two most common reasons for failures are \u201cDo not meet market need\u201d and founders \u201cRan out of money.\u201d Similar stories were also told by my friends in S. Korea and Japan.<\/p>\n
Both of these issues can be solved with additional entrepreneurship trainings because engineers cannot develop startup successfully without proper guidance. The best way to avoid failures is by learning from other entrepreneurs, from their successes and failures, and adopting these lessons to increase their chances of success. Many entrepreneurs often share experiences either in technology conferences or on line. Engineers should seek out this information to find specific answers related to their startup. Despite the availability of this information, many people still go on to make similar mistakes while starting their company. In my entrepreneurship course, I often invite successful entrepreneurs to come and share their lessons where students can openly asking questions regarding their problems. When I talk to these entrepreneurs, I learn from their mistakes and I adopt them into my course materials. I want my students to learn from the practical aspect, not theoretical as I believe entrepreneurship should be practical. There are many books written about entrepreneurship, each reflect the author\u2019s view on how to do it successfully. Some are good but most have certain values that only work at certain time and place but not universal enough to be applied everywhere. What work in the U.S may not work in China because the environment and culture are different? Having successful local entrepreneurs come to share experience is a much better solution.<\/p>\n
When building startups, entrepreneurs should follow a specific process based of lessons learned. By understanding how and why a startup should be built according to a specific order, entrepreneurs can solve most of these problems according to the process. For example a technology solution without customers is useless. Instead of focus on developing technology first, entrepreneurs should focus on identify and develop customers to make sure whatever they do will meet the needs. After having product, entrepreneurs should focus on specific type of customer and do it better than competitors to make sure that they can succeed. They must ask themselves what type of value or benefit that they offer to customers such as reduce costs, increase profits, or increase customer satisfaction. They should be able to explain clearly how the value is generated and why it differs from anything else on the market. An effective value proposition should lead to a relationship between the startup and the customer and influence customer\u2019s purchasing decisions.<\/p>\n
Having a clear value proposition is one of the first challenges any entrepreneur must solve. In my class, students do not develop solution until they identify opportunities and understand customers\u2019 problems to make sure whatever they create will meet market needs. They must validate their solution with customers to make sure that whatever they do is what customers are willing to buy before they even start their startup. Without identify what value you can bring, what customer you will have, what market you will serve but everything is just a guess than it is a formula for disaster.<\/p>\n
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