V\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y ch\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ai \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c l\u1ea5y ch\u00fang \u0111i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y. V\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00fang, sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p, thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. N\u1ebfu th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m h\u01a1n v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. B\u1edfi l\u00ed do n\u00e0y c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc n\u00ean cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch thanh ni\u00ean kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u doanh nghi\u1ec7p ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n
Sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n mong \u0111\u1ee3i nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf t\u00e0i n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong ba m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m qua, tr\u00ean 80% s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean. Bill Gates \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u Microsoft khi \u00f4ng \u1ea5y c\u00f2n l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean \u1edf Harvard. Mark Zuckerberg c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra Facebook khi l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean \u1edf Harvard. Sergey Brin v\u00e0 Larry Page \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Google khi h\u1ecd c\u00f2n \u1edf Stanford. Ng\u00e0y nay trong m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, sinh vi\u00ean \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n Kevin Systrom \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra Instagram, m\u1ed9t app chia s\u1ebb \u1ea3nh di \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la, Naveen Selvadurai \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n foursquare, m\u1ed9t app \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 tr\u00ean $500 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la, David Karp ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra Tumblr, m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng l\u00e0m blog x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 tr\u00ean $900 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n th\u00fa v\u1ecb l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a qu\u00e1 30 tu\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n
N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta nh\u00ecn ra ngo\u00e0i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p l\u1edbn cho kinh t\u1ebf. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eb1ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u0129, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edbi v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng cao. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf vi\u1ebft: \u201cM\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 kinh t\u1ebf t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh ch\u1ec9 trong n\u0103m n\u0103m b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p trong khi ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111ang v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n. Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong 20 n\u0103m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00ec kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1eabn b\u1ecb chi ph\u1ed1i b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ti l\u1edbn v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ti n\u00e0y v\u1eabn \u0111ang gi\u1ea3m vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. Trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn l\u00e1i b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ti l\u1edbn v\u1edbi bao c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 \u00edch l\u1ee3i thu\u1ebf l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p sai. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u01b0u ti\u00ean cao nh\u1ea5t.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch sinh vi\u00ean d\u00f9ng k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i t\u1edbi \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra ti\u1ec1n ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o n\u00f3 ch\u01b0a gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 hay \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho m\u1ed9t nhu c\u1ea7u. Trong l\u1edbp kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, sinh vi\u00ean b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng hay gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p. Ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ee7 r\u00f5 s\u1ebd cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd t\u1ea1o ra gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p m\u1ea1nh. Ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi tri th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t. Kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 sai l\u1ea7m chung trong nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh. M\u1ecdi l\u00fac h\u1ecd g\u1ee3i \u00fd m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u00f4i bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng h\u1ecfi: \u201cEm \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec?\u201d hay \u201cEm c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ee7 r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng?\u201d, \u201cC\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng?\u201d \u201cL\u00e0m sao em bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u? Em h\u1ecfi ai \u0111\u00f3 hay ch\u1ec9 \u0111o\u00e1n?\u201d T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0ng khi h\u1ecd ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01a1n, h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng ho\u1eb7c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ed1t ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u cho th\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea1m ph\u1ea3i sai l\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 \u201cT\u1ea1o ra gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p r\u1ed3i t\u00ecm v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft.\u201d<\/p>\n
Sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 c\u1ea1nh tranh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c hay c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c th\u1ebf m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c hay c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng m\u1edbi trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng b\u00e1n l\u1ebb l\u1edbn m\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m chung v\u00e0 d\u1ee5 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng mu\u1ed1n thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 mua b\u00e1n tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn thay v\u00ec \u0111i t\u1edbi c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng. Sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 “R\u00e0o ch\u1eafn l\u1ed1i v\u00e0o” hay c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 c\u1ea1nh tranh ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p \u0111i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9. Sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn n\u00e0y hay c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t k\u00ec th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd \u0111i v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn m\u1ea1nh, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd b\u1ecb y\u1ebfu th\u1ebf v\u00ec kh\u00f3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua h\u1ecd. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi “th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u” n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u01b0 Apple, Microsoft hay Google do t\u00ednh ph\u1ed5 c\u1eadp c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed cao v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi n\u01a1i c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c r\u00e0o ch\u1eafc c\u00f2n y\u1ebfu, th\u00ec d\u1ec5 \u0111i v\u00e0o v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p gi\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c thao t\u00fang h\u1ecd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i v\u00e0o trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1eabn nhau. \u0110\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec th\u1ebf, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn \u0111i v\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh kh\u00e1c v\u00e0o trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi hay s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111ang t\u00ecm gi\u00e1 h\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f3i quen mua c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n
Trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi \u0111i v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong m\u1ed9t lu\u1ed3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1c c\u1ea1nh tranh n\u00e0y, sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng xu h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1edbi d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ai \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m. Sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 cho \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac h\u1ecd t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p; h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 tri th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o ra c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u1ecd tr\u00e1nh ph\u1ea1m sai l\u1ea7m trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n
Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p, t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn. H\u1ecd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh v\u00e0 d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng b\u1ea7y t\u1ecf \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u00cdch l\u1ee3i then ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p trong khi v\u1eabn \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 truy nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho h\u1ecd th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng cung c\u1ea5p vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh t\u1ef1 do v\u1edbi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i internet; c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng cho h\u1ecd l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh k\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p; h\u1ecd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng. L\u00e0 nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng cho ai kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng n\u00e0o h\u1ecd t\u1ea1o ra c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. L\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean cho h\u1ecd nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ti ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u00fang t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Being entrepreneur<\/p>\n
With technologies, the whole world is wide open with more opportunities than ever before but you must seize them before somebody else take them away. That is why technology students should be taught about entrepreneurship in college to take advantage of these opportunities. With proper training, students can create startups, hire people and grow their company. If succeed, the company can create more jobs with good salary to others and improves the economy of a country. For this reason universities should provide entrepreneurship trainings and encourages young people to start their own business.<\/p>\n
College students are very creative and can do much more than expected but they need an environment to demonstrate their talents. If you look at successful startups in the past thirty years, over 80% of them were created by college students. Bill Gates started Microsoft when he was student in Harvard. Mark Zuckerberg also created Facebook as a student in Harvard. Sergey Brin and Larry Page developed Google when they were in Stanford. Today in every university, students who are working on innovations and many have succeed. For example Kevin Systrom created Instagram, a mobile photo sharing app that worth several billion dollars, Naveen Selvadurai developed foursquare, a social location app that worth over $500 million dollars, David Karp who found Tumblr, a social blogging platform that worth over $900 million dollars. The interesting fact is these college entrepreneurs have not even reached 30 years old yet.<\/p>\n
If we look beyond the money value, startups also contributed significantly to the economy. It is estimated that in the U.S alone, startups has created over a million new jobs and all of them are high paying jobs. An economist wrote: \u201cThe U.S. has overcome the financial economic collapse in just five years because of startups when Europe and Asia are still struggling. Japan has tried to improve its economy for over 20 years without success because its economy is still dominated by large companies and these companies are still reducing jobs. In this technology driven economy, big companies with governments subsidize and tax benefits are the wrong solution. The real solution is startup with high paid technology workers and to do that technology education and entrepreneurship must be considered the highest priority.\u201d<\/p>\n
Entrepreneurship training encourages students to use their technology skills to come up with new idea but idea alone does not make money unless it solves problems or fulfill a need. In my entrepreneurship class, students start with identify problems first before develop ideas or solutions. Only knowing the problems well enough will allow them to create solutions that could be developing into a strong startup. Only with knowledge of technology, they can decide which technology can be applied as good solutions. Without knowing the problem but start with an idea is a common mistake among enthusiastic students. Every time they suggest an idea, I always ask: \u201cWhat problem are you trying to solve?\u201d or \u201cDo you know the problems well enough?\u201d, \u201cIs there a need for it?\u201d \u201cHow do you know there is a need? Did you ask somebody or just guess?\u201d Of course, students feel uncomfortable at first but when they conduct more research and asking more people, they learn that either their idea is not good enough or there is no need for such thing. In that case they do not making the mistake of \u201cCreating a solution then looking for problem to solve.\u201d<\/p>\n
Students must be taught about strategic competition or how to develop new positions that take customers from others or get new customers into the market. For example, online store offers specialized products can take market share away from large retail stores that offer general products and lure customers who want convenience on shopping online instead of going to the store. Students must be taught about \u201cBarrier of entry\u201d or competitive factors that prevent a startup from entering a particular market. Students must understand these barriers or defense factors before entering any market. If they enter a market with strong barriers, they will be at disadvantage because it is difficult to overcome them. For example, it is very difficult to compete with well known \u201cBrands\u201d such as Apple, Microsoft or Google due to their popularity and high spending on advertising. By identify opportunities in new market where barrier forces are weak, then it is easy to get in and quickly build barriers so others cannot get in. They have to understand that customers can also force them to lower prices by manipulate them and their competitors to get into a price war against one another. To maintain position, they must know how to set barrier of entry by prevent other competitors to come into their market. They must know that other entrepreneurs with new ideas or new products can lure customers away and customers who are searching for the best price may change their buying habit.<\/p>\n
In the globally connected world, new startups enter the market in a constant stream with new ideas, new products and new solutions. By analyzing these competitive forces, students learn how to understand the entire market and be able to identify new trends early, so they can take advantage of them before somebody else does. Student must learn all of these factors as well as their mistakes in class so by the time they graduate; they already have enough knowledge not only on how to create startups, but also on what is needed to be successful. By learning from mistakes in school, they avoid making mistakes in life and build their confident that they can build something into successful startups.<\/p>\n
For many years of teaching entrepreneurship, I found that college students have unlimited innovative ideas. They also have a lot of energy and courage to achieve their goals and willing show what they can do. The key benefit of being an entrepreneur while still in school is they have access to a lot of resources to help them to succeed. Schools offer the free use of computers with internet connection; professors are willing to give them advice on both technical and business aspect; they also have many friends who they can talk to and exchange ideas with. Being entrepreneur means they work for themselves and not anyone else and whatever success they make is theirs. Being students gives them many opportunities to start their own company and all they need is proper training, guidance and support from the school.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
V\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y ch\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1edbc … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4685","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nha-doanh-nghiep"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4685","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4685"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4685\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4686,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4685\/revisions\/4686"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4685"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4685"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4685"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}