{"id":467,"date":"2013-06-19T21:27:05","date_gmt":"2013-06-19T14:27:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=467"},"modified":"2013-06-21T10:52:26","modified_gmt":"2013-06-21T03:52:26","slug":"loi-khuyen-ve-day","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=467","title":{"rendered":"L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 d\u1ea1y"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o m\u1edbi v\u00e0o ngh\u1ec1 vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cT\u00f4i m\u1edbi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea1c s\u0129 trong gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ngh\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 theo blog c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang c\u00f3 \u00edch. Th\u1ea7y c\u00f3 l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean n\u00e0o cho gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean m\u1edbi nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng?\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0110\u00e1p: \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m l\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 sinh vi\u00ean v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc r\u1ed3i \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u1ecd. L\u00e0 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o m\u1edbi, sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd mong \u0111\u1ee3i b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea1m sai l\u1ea7m cho n\u00ean c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u1ecfi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o m\u1edbi, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 t\u00f4i hai m\u01b0\u01a1i nh\u0103m n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 d\u1ecbp may \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Cho d\u00f9 m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc, ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecf qua gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u00e0 th\u00edch b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 sai l\u1ea7m th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 tu\u00e2n theo gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 quen v\u1edbi n\u00f3 r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn n\u00f3 khi ch\u00fang ta thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u kinh nghi\u1ec7m h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

L\u00e0m th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n n\u00ean ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n phong c\u00e1ch ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u00f3ng vai nh\u01b0 ai \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u201cgi\u00e1o s\u01b0 th\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1edb v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch h\u1ecd d\u1ea1y ch\u00fang ta khi ch\u00fang ta c\u00f2n l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o sao ch\u00e9p c\u00f9ng kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00f3 cho sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ed1 l\u00e0 ai \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng, sinh vi\u00ean s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft. Nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y tuy\u1ec7t h\u1ea3o. Vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c gian nan y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chuy\u00ean c\u1ea7n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn v\u00e0 n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 t\u1edbi theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n

H\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y n\u00ean v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean, KH\u00d4NG v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y trong khoa. Nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd ngh\u0129 sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ee9c \u00e9p \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc sinh vi\u00ean bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. Khi vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y b\u1ecb h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o t\u00edch lu\u1ef9 tri th\u1ee9c, vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc b\u1ecb lu m\u1edd hay bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh ghi nh\u1edb s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n. Khi vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y nh\u1eb1m v\u00e0o m\u1ee9c cao h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc th\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng tin thay v\u00ec cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc th\u1ef1c s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra. Vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5t gi\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c thu nh\u1eadn tri th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi qua kinh nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o gi\u1ecfi kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i nhi\u1ec1u v\u00ec phong c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y nay.\u00a0Th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o gi\u1ecfi n\u00f3i \u00edt b\u1edfi v\u00ec sinh vi\u00ean n\u00ean n\u00f3i nhi\u1ec1u khi h\u1ecd h\u1ecfi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft, th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn trong nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf, v\u00e0 thu h\u00fat c\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f9ng l\u1edbp. Th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o gi\u1ecfi \u0111i theo nh\u1eefng th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 tham gia, l\u00e0m cho sinh vi\u00ean d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 suy ngh\u0129 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i t\u1edbi c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc t\u00edch c\u1ef1c l\u00e0 g\u00ec.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o gi\u1ecfi bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc. Th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o gi\u1ecfi bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nh\u01b0: \u201cL\u00e0m sao t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c trong c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean?\u201d \u201cL\u00e0m sao t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3?\u201d \u201cL\u00e0m sao t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh kh\u1edbp theo ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc \u1edf c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c?\u201d Sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n khi m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u1ed1t, vui v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00ed, n\u01a1i m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, v\u00e0 tr\u00ean h\u1ebft, h\u1ecd th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o ch\u0103m nom t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

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—-English version—-<\/p>\n

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Teaching advices<\/p>\n

A new teacher wrote to me: \u201cI graduate with a master degree in education and will begin my teaching career at an university. I have followed your blogs for several years and found them helpful. Do you have any advice for new teacher like me?<\/p>\n

Answer: The first thing you may want to do\u00a0is to anticipate and understand student attitudes about learning then adjust your teaching to motivate them. As a new teacher, your students will expect you to make mistake so the best way to preventing these things from affecting your teaching is to spend time planning and practicing how you will deal with inevitable mistakes.<\/p>\n

Many new teachers, including me twenty five years ago, often see our first teaching opportunity as a chance to create and conduct our dream course. Even if the course is already well established, we often ignore the existing curriculum and like to start our own. This is a common mistake. I learned that it is better to follow an established curriculum to familiar with it then modify and improve it as we gain more experiences.<\/p>\n

Being a first-time teacher is not easy but you should develop your own style and the way you teach and avoid\u00a0acting like somebody else. We all have some \u201cIdol professors\u201d and we often recall how they taught us when we were students. It is impossible to replicate the same experience for our students by trying to be someone else. If we be genuine and fair, students will know. Remember that teaching has to be its own reward but they cannot provide the motivation necessary to achieve teaching excellence. Teaching is hard work that requires diligence and a lot of patients and it only comes with time.<\/p>\n

The focus of teaching should be on student learning, NOT faculty teaching. Many teachersoften focus on what they think students should know and put a lot of pressure to make sure that students know these things. When teaching is focused on the accumulation of knowledge, learning is extinguished and change into memorization of facts. When teaching aims at a higher level of learning then it is changing into an exchange of information rather than one way providing information and real learning will take place. Learning is no longer the storage of information but the continuous process of acquiring new knowledge through actual experience.<\/p>\n

Good teachers do not talk much as the traditional lecturing style is no longer effective in today\u2019s environment.\u00a0Good teachers talk less because students should talk more as they ask questions, have things to solve, discuss in small group, and solicit the different views of classmates. Good teachers follow these discussions, encourage more participation, make students stop and think before come up with an answer and that is what active learning is.<\/p>\n

Good teachers are always thinking about ways to improve what and how students learn. Good teachers are always working on questions like: \u201cHow can I encourage more collaboration among students?\u201d \u201cHow can I provide effective feedback?\u201d \u201cHow can I accommodate learners at various levels of learning?\u201d Students are motivated for more learning when the course is well planned, fun and fair where the relationship between learning and real life is clear, and most of all, they see that their teachers care about their learning.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o m\u1edbi v\u00e0o ngh\u1ec1 vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cT\u00f4i m\u1edbi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea1c s\u0129 trong gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ngh\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3ng … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-467","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-giao-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/467","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=467"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/467\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":593,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/467\/revisions\/593"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=467"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=467"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=467"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}