Theo m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o m\u1edbi n\u0103m 2014, K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ng\u00e0y nay. K\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u01a1ng cao, \u00edch l\u1ee3i t\u1ed1t ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi b\u1ed1n n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc khi so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi b\u00e1c s\u0129 y khoa ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7n t\u00e1m n\u0103m \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n v\u00e0i ngh\u00ecn \u0111\u00f4 la.<\/p>\n
K\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef r\u1ed9ng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v.v. Ng\u00e0y nay ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 \u1edf m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 t\u1eeb m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng t\u1edbi m\u00e1y m\u00f3c trong c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u1eeb websites t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh cho n\u00ean nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 cao \u1edf m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc ghi danh v\u00e0o l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u0103ng l\u00ean nh\u01b0ng xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y trong ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u0169ng \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t ho\u00e1 sang chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n ho\u00e1.<\/p>\n
M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cTh\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 nh\u01b0ng khi nhu c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y t\u0103ng l\u00ean, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n cho n\u00ean vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7. K\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng trong to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, t\u1eeb y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1edbi b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong khu v\u1ef1c hay c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. Ng\u00e0y nay s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng cho n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho m\u1ecdi lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n ho\u00e1 trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n web, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n app di \u0111\u1ed9ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u00fang, hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u00ec c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u tri th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Ng\u00e0y nay sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o khu v\u1ef1c hay c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tri th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t ho\u00e1 v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i, ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u0169ng \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i. V\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0y nay b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n ho\u00e1 trong m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh Java l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 Android, IOS, hay Window \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n app di \u0111\u1ed9ng. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft Objective C v\u00e0 IOS \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng Apple; hay JavaScript v\u00e0 PHP \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Web v.v. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc b\u00e2y gi\u1edd ph\u1ea3i cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o trong nhi\u1ec1u khu v\u1ef1c thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t.\u201d<\/p>\n
Ng\u00e0y nay t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 m\u1eb7t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin v\u00ec c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u0111ang chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 l\u00ean m\u00e2y. Thay v\u00ec mua ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p m\u00e2y l\u00e0m m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 thu\u00ea d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ea5p cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Do \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m chung nh\u01b0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh chung, c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi v\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p T\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ti nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f9ng m\u1ee9c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 trong m\u00e2y nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti l\u1edbn cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n n\u00e0o s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n ho\u00e1 trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 hay s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u00edt vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m h\u01a1n cho h\u1ecd. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 then ch\u1ed1t \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 cho b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt, ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u00fang m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng s\u1ebd d\u00f9ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i, tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y, l\u1eafng nghe, c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5, l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed th\u1eddi gian v.v. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m s\u1ebd ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t v\u1ec1 nhu c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Software Engineering<\/p>\n
According to a new 2014 report, Software Engineering is one of the best jobs in the world today. Software Engineers get high pay, good benefits for just four years of college as compare with Medical doctors who need eight years of schooling but making only a few thousand dollars more.<\/p>\n
Software engineer is a broad term that describes people who develop and maintenance software. This includes positions such as programmers, testers, developers, designers, architects, analysts etc. Today software is everywhere and control many things from office computers to factory\u2019s machines, from websites to smartphones so the demand for skilled software engineers is high in every country and the number of college students enrolling in software fields begin to increase but the trend in software is also changing from generalization toward specialization.<\/p>\n
An industry analyst explained: \u201cIt used to be that software is about writing code but as the needs increase, software is getting larger, more complex so writing code is not enough. Software Engineers must have skills in the entire development lifecycle, from requirements to maintenance, and specialize in certain area or technology. Today the number of technologies is changing quickly so it is no longer possible to be a programmer to write code for all types of software but you must specializing in specific area. You can either be a web developer, a mobile app developer, embedded software developer, or enterprise application developer but not all because these areas require more in depth knowledge in specific technology. Today college students must focus on specific area or technology to build a deeper knowledge rather than be a generalist because the jobs are changing, the industry is changing and the needs are changing too. Few years ago if you know one programming language, you could easily get a job but today you must specialize in a particular area. For example knowing Java programming is not enough but you must also know specific platforms such as Android, IOS, or Window to work in mobile app development. You need to know Objective C and IOS to work in Apple mobile application; or JavaScript and PHP to work in Web development area etc. It means university must now provide trainings in several areas rather than just teach general programming language.\u201d<\/p>\n
Today cloud computing has change information technology dramatically as companies are moving everything to the cloud. Instead of buying hardware, software, establish data center which add to operation costs, companies can let cloud computing provider to do all the technical works and rent services with relatively low per usage. Therefore generic software works such as general programming, installing software, updating software and system maintenance are no longer needed because they can be done by Cloud computing provider. It also means small companies can get the same level of service in the cloud as big companies so they can compete quickly and fairly. It also means either workers will have to be specialized in particular area or there will be fewer jobs for them. The key issue now is getting software to customers as quickly as possible so beside technical skills, software engineers must be able to work well with users to understand their needs. By having soft skills, software engineers can develop the right software that users will use. This also means that university\u2019s training must also include soft skills such as communication, presentation, listening, collaboration, teamwork, leadership and time management etc. By having these soft skills, software engineers will make sure that what customer\u2019s expression of need is what actually gets built.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Theo m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o m\u1edbi n\u0103m 2014, K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ng\u00e0y nay. K\u0129 … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4543","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ki-nghe-phan-mem"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4543","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4543"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4543\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4544,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4543\/revisions\/4544"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4543"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4543"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4543"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}